Inkalakahla ocacileyo kunye nomlebe ocacayo: ziyintoni kwaye ungazinyanga njani

Umxholo

• Kutheni le nto kucandeka umlomo okanye inkalakahla ecandeke
• Xa uxilongo luqinisekisiwe
• Lwenziwa njani utyando
• Uncancisa njani
• Ukunyamekelwa kwabantwana ngaphambi kotyando

Inkalakahla ecandekileyo kuxa usana luzelwe kunye nophahla lomlomo luvulekile, lwenza ukucandeka apho. Ngamaxesha amaninzi, inkalakahla ecandekileyo ikhatshwa ngumlebe ocandekileyo, ohambelana nokuvula komlomo, onokufikelela empumlweni.

Olu tshintsho ebusweni lunokuzisa iingxaki ezithile emntwaneni, ngakumbi ekondleni, kwaye kungakhokelela kwiimeko zokungondleki, i-anemia, i-aspiration pneumonia kwaye, nkqu nosulelo rhoqo. Ngenxa yezi zizathu, lonke usana oluzelwe lunenkalakahla okanye umlomo ucocekile kufuneka kwenziwe utyando ukuze kuhlaziyeke izicubu zomlomo, nakunyaka wokuqala wobomi.

Olu tyando luyakwazi ukuvala umlomo kunye nophahla lomlomo, kwaye umntwana uchacha ngokupheleleyo kwiiveki ezimbalwa emva kotyando, ngaphandle kwengxaki ekukhuleni kwamazinyo nasekondleni.

Kutheni le nto kucandeka umlomo okanye inkalakahla ecandeke

Yomibini imilebe yomkhala kunye nenkalakahla ecandekileyo zibangelwa kukungalunganga komntwana okwenzeka xa amacala amabini obuso ehlangana, malunga neeveki ezili-16 zokumitha. Izizathu zayo azaziwa ngokupheleleyo kodwa kuyaziwa ukuba kukho umngcipheko omkhulu xa umama engenzi ngononophelo lwangaphambi kokubeleka okanye xa:

• Khange uthathe iipilisi zakho ze-folic acid ngaphambi kokuzama ukukhulelwa;
• Unesifo seswekile esingalawulekiyo;
• Uthathe i-antibiotics, i-antifungals, i-bronchodilators okanye i-anticonvulsants ngexesha lokukhulelwa;
• Ukutya iziyobisi ezingekho mthethweni okanye utywala ngexesha lokukhulelwa.

Nangona kunjalo, owasetyhini osempilweni owenze ukhathalelo ngaphambi kokubeleka unokuba nosana olunolu hlobo lobuso ebusweni kwaye yiyo loo nto izizathu zingaziwa ngokupheleleyo.

Xa ugqirha eqinisekisa ukuba usana lucandeke imilebe nenkalakahla, unokuphanda ukuba unayo na iPatau syndrome, kuba kwisiqingatha samatyala esi sifo banolu hlobo lotshintsho ebusweni.Ugqirha uya kuphanda nokusebenza kwentliziyo, kuba inokutshintsha kunye nendlebe, ekunokwenzeka ukuba iqokelele iimfihlo, ezonyusa umngcipheko wosulelo lwendlebe.

Xa uxilongo luqinisekisiwe

Ugqirha unokufumanisa ukuba usana lucandeke imilebe kunye / okanye ukucandeka kwenkalakahla ngokusebenzisa i-morphological ultrasound kwikota yesibini yokukhulelwa, ukusukela kwiveki ye-14, ikwakhona nange-3D ultrasound okanye ngexesha lokuzalwa.

Emva kokuzalwa, umntwana kufuneka akhatshwe ngugqirha wabantwana, i-otorhinolaryngologist kunye nogqirha wamazinyo kuba inkalakahla ecandekileyo inokubeka emngciphekweni ukuzalwa kwamazinyo kwaye umlomo ocacileyo uhlala uphazamisa ukuncancisa, nangona umntwana ekwazi ukuyithatha ibhotile.

Lwenziwa njani utyando

Unyango lomlebe ocacileyo lwenziwa ngotyando lweplastiki olunokwenziwa xa umntwana eneenyanga ezintathu ubudala okanye emva kweli xesha nakweliphi na inqanaba lobomi. Kwimeko yenkalakahla ecandekileyo, utyando luboniswa kuphela emva konyaka omnye ubudala.

Utyando luyakhawuleza kwaye alulula kwaye lunokufezekisa iziphumo ezintle. Ukuze ugqirha weplastiki akwazi ukwenza utyando kufuneka ukuba umntwana angaphezulu kweenyanga ezi-3 zobomi kwaye engenayo i-anemia, ukongeza ekubeni usempilweni. Qonda ukuba uqhaqho kunye nokhathalelo lwenziwa njani emva kwenkqubo.

Uncancisa njani

Ukuncancisa kusacetyiswa kuba kubalulekile ukudibana phakathi kukamama nomntwana kwaye nangona kunzima ukuncancisa, kuba i-vacuum ayibikho kwaye ke ngoko umntwana akakwazi ukufunxa ubisi, kubalulekile ukuba unikele isifuba malunga nemizuzu eli-15. kwibele ngalinye, ngaphambi kokunika ibhotile.

Ukwenza kube lula ukuba ubisi luphume, umama kufuneka abambe isifuba, acinezele ngasemva kwe-areola ukuze ubisi luphume ngaphandle kokutsala. Esona sikhundla silungileyo sokuncancisa umntwana sime nkqo okanye sincinci, ukuthintela ukushiya umntwana elele ngokupheleleyo engalweni okanye ebhedini ukuze ancancise kuba oku kwandisa umngcipheko wokukrwitshwa.

Ukuba umama akakwazi ukubeka umntwana ebeleni, umama angalubonisa ubisi ngempompo ngesandla aze alunike umntwana ebhotileni okanye kwikomityi kuba olu bisi lunezinto ezininzi ezilusizo kunosana olungumgubo lweentsana, kuba unengozi encinci yosulelo lwendlebe kunye nobunzima bokuthetha.

Ibhotile akufuneki ibaluleke kakhulu kuba akukho nanye kwezi zempilo, kodwa kuyacetyiswa ukuba ukhethe ingono yebhotile ejikelezileyo, efanayo nesifuba sikanina, kuba ukulunga komlomo ngcono, kodwa enye inketho kukunikezela ngobisi kwindebe.

Ukunyamekelwa kwabantwana ngaphambi kotyando

Phambi kotyando, abazali kufuneka bathathe amanyathelo okhuseleko anje ngala:

• Soloko uvale impumlo yosana nge-diaper ukufudumeza umoya ophefumlwa lusana kancinci, kuba kuncinci umngcipheko wengqele kunye nomkhuhlane oqheleke kakhulu kwaba bantwana;
• Ngalo lonke ixesha coca umlomo wosana nge-diap ecocekileyo emanzi nge-saline, ukususa iintsalela zobisi kunye nokutya emva kokuba usana lutyile. Ukuba kukho imfuneko, ungasebenzisa ikotoni ukucoca umsipha ophahleni lomlomo wakho;
• Thatha usana uye kugqirha wamazinyo ngaphambi kweenyanga ezine ubudala, ukuvavanya impilo yomlomo kunye nokuba amazinyo okuqala kufuneka azalwe nini;
• Qinisekisa ukuba usana lutya kakuhle ukunqanda ukutyeba okanye i-anemia, eya kuthintela utyando lomlomo.

Ukongeza, kubalulekile ukugcina impumlo yomntwana ihlale icocekile, usebenzisa isambatho somqhaphu esifakwe kwi-saline ukususa ukungcola kunye nemfihlo ubuncinci kube kanye ngemini.