Isifo segazi esiswini esinganyangekiyo: yintoni, unobangela, iimpawu kunye nonyango

Umxholo

• Ziintoni iimpawu
• Izizathu ezinokubangela
• Ziziphi izinto ezinobungozi
• Yintoni isifo
• Unyango lwenziwa njani
• 1. Amayeza
• 2. Ukufakelwa komongo wethambo
• 3. Unyango ngamayeza
• 4. Unyango lwe-Interferon

I-Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (i-CML) yinto enqabileyo, engeyiyo yelifa lomhlaza wegazi okhula ngenxa yotshintsho kwiiseli zegazi, ezibangela ukuba zahlule ngokukhawuleza kuneeseli eziqhelekileyo.

Unyango lunokwenziwa ngamayeza, ukufakelwa umongo wethambo, unyango ngamachiza okanye unyango lwezinto eziphilayo, kuxhomekeka kubukhali bengxaki okanye umntu oza kunyangwa.

Amathuba onyango ngokubanzi aphezulu kakhulu, kodwa inokwahluka ngokwenqanaba lesifo, kunye nobudala kunye nempilo ngokubanzi yomntu ochaphazelekayo. Ngokwesiqhelo, unyango olunezona zinga liphezulu lokunyanga kukufakwa komongo wethambo, kodwa abantu abaninzi abanokude bafune nokufumana olo nyango.

Ziintoni iimpawu

Iimpawu kunye neempawu ezinokuthi zenzeke kubantu abane-Chronic Myeloid Leukemia zi:

• Ukopha rhoqo;
• Ukudinwa;
• Ifiva;
• Ukuthoba umzimba ngaphandle kwesizathu;
• Ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya;
• Intlungu engezantsi kweembambo, kwicala lasekhohlo;
• IPallor;
• Ukubila okugqithisileyo ebusuku.

Esi sifo asizibonakalisi kwangoko iimpawu kunye neempawu kwangoko kwaye yiyo loo nto kunokwenzeka ukuba uphile nesi sifo iinyanga okanye iminyaka ngaphandle kokuba umntu asiqonde.

Izizathu ezinokubangela

Iiseli zomntu ziqulethe ii-chromosomes ezingama-23, eziqulethe i-DNA eneentsholongwane ezingenelela kulawulo lweeseli emzimbeni. Kubantu abane-Chronic Myeloid Leukemia, kwiiseli zegazi, icandelo le-chromosome 9 litshintsha indawo ene-chromosome 22, yenza i-chromosome emfutshane kakhulu engama-22, ebizwa ngokuba yi-chromosome yaseFiladelphia kunye ne-chromosome ende kakhulu ezili-9.

Le chromosome yaseFiladelfia emva koko yenza ufuzo olutsha, kwaye izakhi zofuzo ezikwi-chromosome 9 kunye ne-22 emva koko zenza i-gene entsha ebizwa ngokuba yi-BCR-ABL, equlathe imiyalelo exelela le seli intsha engaqhelekanga ukuba ivelise inani elikhulu leprotein ebizwa ngokuba yi-tyrosine kinase. kukhokelela ekwenziweni komhlaza ngokuvumela iiseli ezininzi zegazi ukuba zikhule zingalawuleki, zonakalise umongo wethambo.

Ziziphi izinto ezinobungozi

Izinto ezinokunyusa umngcipheko wokuba ne-Myeloid Leukemia engapheliyo zigugile, ukuba yindoda kwaye zichanabeke kwimitha, enjengonyango lwemitha esetyenziselwa ukunyanga iintlobo ezithile zomhlaza.

Yintoni isifo

Ngokubanzi, xa esi sifo kurhanelwa, okanye nini okanye xa iimpawu ezithile zisenzeka, kufunyaniswa isifo esiqulathe uvavanyo lomzimba, njengokuvavanywa kweempawu ezibalulekileyo kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi, ukubetheka kwe-lymph node, udakada nesisu, ngaphakathi indlela yokufumana imeko engaqhelekanga.

Ukongeza, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba ugqirha amisele uvavanyo lwegazi, isampulu yomongo wethambo, oqhele ukuthathwa kwithambo lesinqe, kunye neemvavanyo ezizodwa, ezinje ngefluorescent kuhlalutyo lwe-hybridization kunye novavanyo lwempendulo ye-polymerase chain, ehlaziya iisampulu zegazi okanye umongo wethambo kubukho be-chromosome yaseFiladelphia okanye uhlobo lwe-BCR-ABL.

Unyango lwenziwa njani

Injongo yokunyanga esi sifo kukususa iiseli zegazi eziqulathe ufuzo olungaqhelekanga, olubangela ukuveliswa kwenani elikhulu leeseli zegazi ezingaqhelekanga. Abanye abantu abanakho ukuphelisa zonke iiseli ezinesifo, kodwa unyango lunokunceda ekuxolelweni kwesi sifo.

1. Amayeza

Amayeza athintela isenzo se-tyrosine kinase anokusetyenziswa, anje nge-Imatinib, Dasatinib, Nilotinib, Bosutinib okanye iPonatinib, edla ngokuba lunyango lokuqala kubantu abanalesi sifo.

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubangelwa ngala mayeza kukudumba kolusu, isicaphucaphu, ukuqaqanjelwa yimisipha, ukudinwa, urhudo kunye nokusabela kolusu.

2. Ukufakelwa komongo wethambo

Ukufakelwa komongo wethambo kuphela kwendlela yonyango eqinisekisa unyango olusisigxina lwe-Chronic Myeloid Leukemia. Nangona kunjalo, le ndlela isetyenziswa kuphela kubantu abangaziphenduliyo ezinye iindlela zonyango kuba obu buchule bubeka umngcipheko kwaye bunokukhokelela kwiingxaki ezinkulu.

3. Unyango ngamayeza

I-Chemotherapy ikwalunyango olusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiimeko ze-Chronic Myeloid Leukemia kwaye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zixhomekeka kuhlobo lwamayeza asetyenzisiweyo kunyango. Yazi iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zekhemotherapy kunye nendlela eyenziwa ngayo.

4. Unyango lwe-Interferon

Unyango lwebhayoloji lusebenzisa amajoni omzimba ukunceda ukulwa umhlaza kusetyenziswa iprotein ebizwa ngokuba yi-interferon, enceda ukunciphisa ukukhula kweeseli zethumba. Obu buchule bunokusetyenziswa kwiimeko apho ezinye iindlela zonyango zingasebenzi okanye kubantu abangakwaziyo ukuthatha amanye amayeza, njengabafazi abakhulelweyo, umzekelo.

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezixhaphakileyo kolu nyango kukudinwa, umkhuhlane, iimpawu zomkhuhlane kunye nokwehla kobunzima.