Izilonda zeMarjolin

Umxholo

• Ikhula njani?
• Kufunyaniswa njani?
• Inyangwa njani?
• Ngaba ziyakhuselwa?
• Ukuhlala nesilonda iMarjolin

Yintoni isilonda seMarjolin?

Isilonda iMarjolin luhlobo olunqabileyo nolunoburhalarhume lomhlaza wolusu olukhula ngenxa yokutsha, amanxeba, okanye amanxeba apholileyo. Ikhula kancinci, kodwa ngokuhamba kwexesha inokusasazeka kwamanye amalungu omzimba wakho, kubandakanya nengqondo, isibindi, imiphunga, okanye izintso.

Kumanqanaba okuqala, indawo eyonakalisiweyo yolusu iya kutshisa, irhawuzelele kunye neblister. Emva koko, isilonda esitsha esivulekileyo esigcwele izigaxa ezininzi ezinzima siyakwenza indawo ejikeleze indawo eyenzakeleyo. Kwiimeko ezininzi, izilonda zeMarjolin zicabalele kwaye zinemiphetho ephakanyisiweyo.

Emva kweefom ezibuhlungu, unokuqaphela:

• ubofu obunuka kakubi
• intlungu ebuhlungu
• ukopha
• Ukuqhekeka

Izilonda zeMarjolin zinokuvala ziphinde zivuleke, kwaye zinokuqhubeka nokukhula emva kweefom zokuqala zobuhlungu.

Ikhula njani?

Izilonda zeMarjolin zikhula kwisikhumba esonakalisiweyo, zihlala kwindawo yolusu etshisiweyo. Kuqikelelwa ukuba malunga neepesenti ezi-2 zamanxeba atshileyo aphuhlisa izilonda zeMarjolin.

Banokukhula ukusuka:

• usulelo lwethambo
• izilonda ezivulekileyo ezibangelwa kukungoneliseki kwemithambo-luvo
• izilonda zoxinzelelo ezibangelwa kukuhlala kwindawo enye ixesha elide
• lupus amanxeba
• iqabaka
• Iziphunzi zokunqunyulwa
• ufakelo lolusu
• Iindawo eziphathwe ngemitha yolusu
• amanxeba okugonya

Oogqirha abazi ukuba kutheni le mimandla yomonakalo wolusu ijika ibe ngumhlaza. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iingcamango ezimbini eziphambili:

• Ukulimala kutshabalalisa imithambo yegazi kunye nemithambo ye-lymphatic eyinxalenye yempendulo yomzimba yokuzikhusela komzimba, isenza ukuba kube nzima kulusu lwakho ukulwa nomhlaza.
• Ukucaphuka kwexesha elide kubangela ukuba iiseli zolusu zihlale zizilungisa. Ngexesha lenkqubo yokuhlaziya, ezinye iiseli zolusu ziba nomhlaza.

Amadoda aphindwe kathathu amathuba okuphuhlisa i-Marjolin ulcer, ngokophando esele lukhona. Izilonda zeMarjolin zixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abakwiminyaka yabo yama-50 okanye abahlala kumazwe asakhasayo angafikeleliyo kulondolozo lwamanxeba.

Olu hlaziyo lango-2011 lukwafumanise ukuba izilonda zeMarjolin zihlala zikhula emilenzeni nasezinyaweni. Banokubonakala entanyeni nasentloko.

Uninzi lwezilonda zeMarjolin zii-squamous cell cancer. Oko kuthetha ukuba babumba iiseli ezi-squamous kumaleko aphezulu esikhumba sakho. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha ngamathumba e-basal cell, enza kumaleko anzulu esikhumba sakho.

Kufunyaniswa njani?

Izilonda zeMarjolin zikhula kancinci, zihlala zithatha zibe ngumhlaza. Ngamanye amaxesha, banokuthatha iminyaka engama-75 ukukhula. Kuthatha kuphela isilonda seMarjolin ukwenza umonakalo emzimbeni.

Ukuba unesifo okanye isikhumba esingakhange sinyange emva kweenyanga ezintathu, ugqirha wakho unokukuthumela kugqirha wesikhumba emva kovavanyo lolusu lwakho. Ukuba ugqirha wesikhumba ucinga ukuba isilonda sinokuba ngumhlaza, baya kwenza i-biopsy. Ukwenza oku, baya kususa isampuli encinci yesilonda kwilonda kwaye bavavanye umhlaza.

Banokususa i-lymph node kufutshane nesilonda kwaye bavavanye umhlaza ukubona ukuba isasazekile na. Oku kwaziwa njenge-sentinel lymph node biopsy.

Ngokuxhomekeke kwiziphumo ze-biopsy, ugqirha wakho unokusebenzisa i-CT scan okanye i-MRI scan ukuqinisekisa ukuba ayisasazekanga emathanjeni akho okanye kwamanye amalungu.

Inyangwa njani?

Unyango luhlala lubandakanya utyando lokususa ithumba. Ugqirha wakho angasebenzisa iindlela ezimbalwa ezahlukeneyo zokwenza oku, kubandakanya:

• Ukuxhamla. Le ndlela ibandakanya ukusika ithumba kunye nezinye izicwili ezijikeleze lona.
• Mohs. Olu tyando lwenziwa ngokwamanqanaba. Okokuqala, ugqirha wakho wotyando uyakususa umaleko wesikhumba kwaye ajonge phantsi kwemicroscope ngelixa ulindile. Le nkqubo iphindaphindwa de kungabikho maseli omhlaza aseleyo.

Emva kotyando, uzakufuna ufakelo lwesikhumba ukogquma indawo apho ulusu lwalususwe khona.

Ukuba umhlaza usasazekile kuyo nayiphi na indawo ekufuphi, unokufuna:

• ichemotherapy
• unyango lwemitha
• ukunqunyulwa

Emva konyango, kuya kufuneka ulandele ugqirha wakho rhoqo ukuqinisekisa ukuba umhlaza awubuyanga.

Ngaba ziyakhuselwa?

Ukuba unesilonda esikhulu esivulekileyo okanye utshise kakhulu, qiniseka ukuba ufumana unyango olukhawulezileyo. Oku kunokunceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokukhula kwesilonda iMarjolin okanye usulelo olubi. Kwakhona, qiniseka ukuxelela ugqirha wakho malunga naziphi na izilonda okanye ukutsha okungabonakali kuphola emva kweeveki ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu.

Ukuba unesilonda esidala esiqala ukuvela isilonda, xelela ugqirha ngokukhawuleza. Unokufuna ufakelo lwesikhumba ukuthintela indawo ekuphuhliseni isilonda seMarjolin.

Ukuhlala nesilonda iMarjolin

Izilonda zeMarjolin zinobuzaza kakhulu kwaye zibangela ukufa kwezinye iimeko. Isiphumo sakho sixhomekeke kubungakanani bethumba lakho kunye nokuba lundlongondlongo kangakanani. Inqanaba lokusinda leminyaka emihlanu kuMarjolin izilonda zamanqanaba ukusuka. Oko kuthetha ukuba iipesenti ezingama-40 ukuya kuma-69 eepesenti zabantu abafunyaniswe benesilonda iMarjolin basaphila kwiminyaka emihlanu emva kokufunyaniswa.

Ukongeza, izilonda zeMarjolin zinokubuya, kwanasemva kokuba zisusiwe. Ukuba ubukhe wanaso isilonda seMarjolin ngaphambili, qiniseka ukuba ulandela rhoqo ugqirha wakho kwaye ubaxelele ngalo naluphi na utshintsho olubonayo kwindawo echaphazelekayo.