Yintoni i-microcytosis kunye nezizathu eziphambili

Umxholo

• Oonobangela abaphambili beMicrocytosis
• 1. Thalassemia
• 2. I-spherocytosis yelifa
• 3. Usulelo
• 4. Ukunqongophala kwe-anemia
• 5. Isifo esinganyangekiyo seZifo eziNgapheliyo

I-Microcytosis ligama elinokufunyanwa kwingxelo yehemogram ebonisa ukuba ii-erythrocyte zincinci kuneziqhelekileyo, kwaye ubukho be-microcytic erythrocytes bunokubonakaliswa kwi-hemogram. I-Microcytosis iyavavanywa kusetyenziswa isalathiso se-VCM okanye Umndilili weCorpuscular Volume, ebonisa ubungakanani obuqhelekileyo beeseli ezibomvu zegazi, kunye nexabiso lesalathiso phakathi kwe-80.0 kunye ne-100.0 fL, kodwa eli xabiso lingahluka ngokwelabhoratri.

Ukuze i-microcytosis ibaluleke eklinikhi, kuyacetyiswa ukuba iziphumo ze-VCM zitolikwe kunye nezinye ii-indices ezilinganiswe kubalo lwegazi, ezinje ngeAverage Corpuscular Hemoglobin (HCM), hemoglobin amount, Average Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (CHCM) and RDW, which is isalathiso esibonisa ubungakanani umahluko phakathi kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi. Funda ngakumbi malunga neVCM.

Oonobangela abaphambili beMicrocytosis

Xa ubalo lwegazi lubonisa ukuba yi-VCM kuphela eguqulweyo kwaye ixabiso lisondele kwixabiso lesalathiso, ngesiqhelo alinikwa ukubaluleka, ukukwazi ukumela kuphela imeko yomzuzwana kwaye ibizwa ngokuba yi-discrete microcytosis. Nangona kunjalo, xa amaxabiso asezantsi kakhulu kubalulekile ukuba ujonge ukuba ikhona enye i-index etshintshiweyo. Ukuba ezinye ii-indices ezivavanywe kubalo lwegazi ziqhelekile, kuyacetyiswa ukuphinda ubalo lwegazi.

Ngokwesiqhelo, i-microcytosis inxulumene notshintsho lwesondlo okanye inxulumene nokwenziwa kwehemoglobin. Ke, oonobangela abaphambili be-microcytosis zezi:

1. Thalassemia

I-Thalassemia sisifo semfuza esibonakaliswe lutshintsho kwinkqubo ye-hemoglobin synthesis, apho kukho utshintsho kwenye okanye kumatyathanga e-globin, kukhokelela kutshintsho olusebenzayo kwiiseli ezibomvu zegazi. Ukongeza kwi-VCM eguqulweyo, kunokwenzeka ukuba ezinye ii-indices zitshintshiwe, ezinje nge-HCM, i-CHCM, i-RDW kunye ne-hemoglobin.

Njengoko kukho utshintsho kwinkqubo yokwenziwa kwehemoglobin, ukuthuthwa kweoksijini kwizicwili nako kuyatshintshwa, kuba ihemoglobin inoxanduva lwale nkqubo. Ke, ezinye zeempawu ze-thalassemia zivela, njengokukhathala, ukuba nochuku, ukubola kunye notshintsho kwinkqubo yokuphefumla. Funda ukuqaphela iimpawu kunye neempawu zethalassemia.

2. I-spherocytosis yelifa

I-spherocytosis esizalwe njengelifa okanye isifo sokuzalwa sisifo esibonakaliswa kukutshintsha kwenwebu yeeseli ezibomvu zegazi, sizenze zincinci kwaye zinganyangeki, ngenqanaba eliphezulu lokutshatyalaliswa kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi. Ke, kwesi sifo, ukongeza kolunye utshintsho, iiseli ezibomvu zegazi kunye nokunciphisa i-CMV kunokuqinisekiswa.

Njengoko igama layo lisitsho, i-spherocytosis ililifa, oko kukuthi, idlula isuka kwisizukulwana iye kwisizukulwana kwaye umntu uzelwe nolu tshintsho. Nangona kunjalo, ubuzaza besifo bunokwahluka ukusuka emntwini kuye emntwini, kwaye kubalulekile ukuqala unyango kwakamsinya emva kokuzalwa ngokwesikhokelo se-hematologist.

3. Usulelo

Izifo ezingapheliyo zingakhokelela kwiiseli ezibomvu ze-microcytic, kuba isigxina se-arhente ejongene nosulelo emzimbeni kunokubangela ukusilela kwesondlo kunye notshintsho kumajoni omzimba, ukutshintsha kungekuphela nje ii-hematological indexes kodwa nezinye iiparameter zelebhu.

Ukuqinisekisa usulelo, kubalulekile ukuba ugqirha ayalele kwaye avavanye ezinye iimvavanyo zaselebhu, ezinje ngomlinganiso we-C-Reactive Protein (CRP), uvavanyo lomchamo kunye novavanyo lwe-microbiological. Ubalo lwegazi lunokubonisa ukosuleleka, kodwa kufuneka olunye uvavanyo ukuze kuqinisekiswe isifo kwaye kuqaliswe unyango olufanelekileyo.

4. Ukunqongophala kwe-anemia

I-anemia yokunqongophala kwe-Iron, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-anemia yokunqongophala kwe-iron, ibonakaliswa ngamanani asezantsi e-iron ajikeleza egazini ngenxa yokungatyi kakuhle kwe-iron okanye ngenxa yokopha okanye ukuya exesheni, umzekelo.

Ukwehla kwenani lesinyithi kuphazamisa ngokuthe ngqo isixa sehemoglobin, kuba kubalulekile kwinkqubo yokwenziwa kwehemoglobin. Ke, ekungabikho kwentsimbi, kukho ukuhla kwe-hemoglobin, ekhokelela ekubonakaleni kweempawu ezithile, ezinje ngokuba buthathaka, ukudinwa rhoqo, ukuziva utyhafile, ukulahleka kweenwele, ukwenza buthathaka iinzipho kunye nokungabinamdla wokutya, umzekelo.

Uninzi lweziganeko zokunqongophala kwe-iron anemia kwenzeka ngenxa yokusilela kwesondlo. Yiyo ke loo nto, isisombululo kukutshintsha indlela otya ngayo, ukwandisa ukutya okutyebileyo ngentsimbi, njengesipinatshi, iimbotyi kunye nenyama. Jonga ukuba unyango lokunqongophala kwe-anemia kufuneka lube njani.

5. Isifo esinganyangekiyo seZifo eziNgapheliyo

I-Anemia yesifo esinganyangekiyo luhlobo oluqhelekileyo lwe-anemia eyenzeka kwizigulana ezibhedlele, notshintsho kungekuphela kwixabiso le-CMV, kodwa nakwi-HCM, CHCM, RDW kunye ne-hemoglobin. Olu hlobo lwe-anemia luqheleke ngakumbi kwizigulana ezinezifo ezingapheliyo, isifo sokuvuvukala kunye ne-neoplasms.

Njengoko olu hlobo lwe-anemia luhlala lusenzeka ngexesha lonyango, ukuxilongwa kunye nonyango kusekwa kwangoko ukunqanda ezinye iingxaki kwisigulana. Funda ngakumbi malunga ne-anemia yesifo esinganyangekiyo.