Usulelo lwe-MRSA (Staph)

Umxholo

• Ngaba injani iMRSA?
• Zithini iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-MRSA?
• I-HA-MRSA
• CA-MRSA
• Zithini iimpawu ze-MRSA?
• Iimpawu ze-HA-MRSA
• Iimpawu ze-CA-MRSA
• Ngubani osemngciphekweni wokuphuhlisa i-MRSA?
• Imiba yomngcipheko kwi-HA-MRSA
• Imiba yomngcipheko kwi-CA-MRSA
• Ufumanisa njani uMRSA?
• Amasiko enxeba
• Iinkcubeko zesikhohlela
• Iinkcubeko umchamo
• Iinkcubeko zegazi
• Uphathwa njani uMRSA?
• Unyango lwe-HA-MRSA
• Unyango lwe-CA-MRSA
• Anokuthintelwa njani uMRSA?
• Ithini imbonakalo yexesha elide kubantu abane-MRSA?

Sibandakanya iimveliso esicinga ukuba ziluncedo kubafundi bethu. Ukuba uthenga amakhonkco kweli phepha, sinokufumana ikhomishini encinci. Nantsi inkqubo yethu.

Yintoni iMRSA?

Ukumelana nemethicillin IStaphylococcus aureus (MRSA) sisifo esibangelwa Istaphylococcus (staph) iintsholongwane. Olu hlobo lweebhaktheriya luyanyangeka kwiintsholongwane ezininzi ezahlukeneyo.

Ezi bhaktheriya zihlala ngokwempumlo nakwisikhumba kwaye ngokubanzi azibangeli monakalo. Nangona kunjalo, xa beqala ukwanda ngokungalawulekiyo, usulelo lwe-MRSA lunokwenzeka.

Usulelo lwe-MRSA luqhele ukwenzeka xa kukho ukusika okanye ukophuka kulusu lwakho. I-MRSA iyosulela kakhulu kwaye inokusasazeka ngokudibana ngqo nomntu onesifo.

Inokuphinda ikontraki ngokudibana nento okanye umphezulu ochukunyiswe ngumntu one-MRSA.

Nangona usulelo lwe-MRSA lunokuba lubi, lunokunyangwa ngokufanelekileyo ngamayeza athile.

Ngaba injani iMRSA?

Zithini iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-MRSA?

Usulelo lwe-MRSA luhlelwa njengofunyenwe esibhedlele (HA-MRSA) okanye olufunyenwe luluntu (CA-MRSA).

I-HA-MRSA

I-HA-MRSA inxulunyaniswa nosulelo olufunyenwe kwizibonelelo zonyango, ezinjengezibhedlele okanye amakhaya abalupheleyo. Unokulufumana olu hlobo losulelo lwe-MRSA ngokudibana ngqo nenxeba elosulelekileyo okanye izandla ezingcolileyo.

Unokulufumana nosulelo ngokudibana neelenjini ezingcolileyo okanye izixhobo zotyando ezingacocekanga. I-HA-MRSA inokubangela iingxaki ezinzima, ezifana nosulelo lwegazi kunye nenyumoniya.

CA-MRSA

I-CA-MRSA inxulunyaniswa nosulelo oludluliselwa kunxibelelwano olusondeleyo lomntu nosulelo okanye ngokudibana ngqo nenxeba elosulelekileyo.

Olu hlobo losulelo lwe-MRSA lunokuphinda luphuhle ngenxa yezempilo, njengokungahlambi izandla rhoqo okanye okungafanelekanga.

Zithini iimpawu ze-MRSA?

Iimpawu ze-MRSA zingahluka ngokuxhomekeka kuhlobo losulelo.

Iimpawu ze-HA-MRSA

I-HA-MRSA ngokubanzi kunokwenzeka ukuba ibangele iingxaki ezinzulu, ezinje nge-pneumonia, usulelo lwe-urinary tract (UTIs), kunye nosulelo lwegazi sepsis. Kubalulekile ukuba ubone ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko ukuba ubona naziphi na kwezi mpawu zilandelayo:

• irhashalala
• intloko ebuhlungu
• iintlungu zemisipha
• Ukugodola
• ifiva
• ukudinwa
• ukukhohlela
• ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
• iintlungu zesifuba

Iimpawu ze-CA-MRSA

I-CA-MRSA ihlala ibangela usulelo lolusu. Iindawo ezonyuse iinwele zomzimba, ezinjengekhwapha okanye umva wentamo, zisengozini yokosuleleka.

Iindawo ezisikiweyo, ezikhuhliweyo, okanye ezikhuhliweyo zisengozini yosulelo kuba eyona nto ingumqobo kwintsholongwane-ulusu lwakho yonakele.

Usulelo luhlala lubangela ukudumba, iqhuma elibuhlungu ukuba lenze kulusu. Iqhuma linokufana nokulunywa sisigcawu okanye iqhakuva. Ihlala ineziko elityheli okanye elimhlophe kunye nentloko esembindini.

Ngamanye amaxesha indawo eyosulelekileyo ijikelezwe yindawo ebomvu kunye nobushushu, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-cellulitis. I-Pus kunye nolunye ulwelo lunokukhupha kwindawo echaphazelekayo. Abanye abantu nabo banomkhuhlane.

Ngubani osemngciphekweni wokuphuhlisa i-MRSA?

Izinto ezinobungozi ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeka kuhlobo losulelo lwe-MRSA.

Imiba yomngcipheko kwi-HA-MRSA

Usengozini eyandisiweyo ye-HA-MRSA ukuba:

• baye balaliswa esibhedlele kwisithuba seenyanga ezintathu ezidlulileyo
• rhoqo hemodialysis
• ukuba buthathaka amajoni omzimba ngenxa yomnye imeko yonyango
• hlala kwikhaya labalupheleyo

Imiba yomngcipheko kwi-CA-MRSA

Unomngcipheko okhulayo we-CA-MRSA ukuba:

• yabelana ngezixhobo zokuzilolonga, iitawuli, okanye iincakuba nabanye abantu
• bathathe inxaxheba kwezemidlalo zonxibelelwano
• sebenza kwindawo yokugcina abantwana
• uhlala kwindawo ezixineneyo okanye ezingacocekanga

Ufumanisa njani uMRSA?

Ukuchongwa kwesifo kuqala ngovavanyo lwembali yezonyango kunye novavanyo lomzimba. Iisampulu ziya kuthathwa kwakhona kwindawo yosulelo. Iindidi zeesampulu ezifunyenwe ukunceda ukufumanisa i-MRSA zibandakanya oku kulandelayo:

Amasiko enxeba

Iisampulu zamanxeba zifunyenwe ngeswanyu engenazintsholongwane kwaye zibekwa kwisitya. Baye basiwa elabhoratri ukuze ihlalutywe kubukho bentsholongwane ye-staph.

Iinkcubeko zesikhohlela

Isikhohlela sisixhobo esivela kumatshini wokuphefumla xa ukhohlela. Inkcubeko yesikhohlela ihlalutya isikhohlela kubukho bebacteria, iziqwenga zeseli, igazi, okanye ubofu.

Abantu abanokukhohlela banokuhlala benikezela isampulu yesikhohlela ngokulula. Abo bangakwaziyo ukukhohlela okanye abakwi-ventilator banokufuna ukuhlanjululwa ngokuphefumla okanye i-bronchoscopy ukufumana isampulu yesikhohlela.

Ukuhlanjwa okuphefumlayo kunye ne-bronchoscopy kubandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwe-bronchoscope, ityhubhu ebhityileyo enekhamera eqhotyoshelweyo. Phantsi kweemeko ezilawulwayo, ugqirha uyifaka i-bronchoscope ngomlomo nasemiphungeni yakho.

I-bronchoscope ivumela ugqirha ukuba abone imiphunga ngokucacileyo kwaye aqokelele isampulu yesikhohlela kuvavanyo.

Iinkcubeko umchamo

Kwiimeko ezininzi, isampulu yenkcubeko yokuchama ifunyenwe kwisampuli yomchamo "ophakathi kwindawo ecocekileyo". Ukwenza oku, umchamo uqokelelwe kwindebe eyinyumba ngexesha lokuchama. Ikomityi ke leyo inikwa ugqirha, aze ke yena ayithumele elebhu ivavanywe.

Ngamanye amaxesha, umchamo kufuneka uqokelelwe ngokuthe ngqo kwisinyi. Ukwenza oku, umboneleli wezempilo ufaka ityhubhu engenazintsholongwane ebizwa ngokuba yi-catheter kwisinyi. Umchamo emva koko uphuma kwisinyi uye kwisikhongozeli esinyumba.

Iinkcubeko zegazi

Inkcubeko yegazi ifuna ukuthatha ukuzoba igazi kunye nokubeka igazi kwisitya elabhoratri. Ukuba iibhaktheriya zikhula esityeni, oogqirha banokuchonga ngokulula ukuba luhlobo luni lwebhaktiriya olubangela usulelo.

Iziphumo ezivela kwiinkcubeko zegazi zithatha malunga neeyure ezingama-48. Iziphumo zovavanyo ezilungileyo zingabonisa usulelo lwegazi sepsis. Iintsholongwane zinokungena egazini kusulelo olufumaneka kwezinye iinxalenye zomzimba wakho, ezinje ngemiphunga, amathambo, kunye nomchamo.

Uphathwa njani uMRSA?

Oogqirha baphatha i-HA-MRSA kunye ne-CA-MRSA ngokwahlukileyo.

Unyango lwe-HA-MRSA

Usulelo lwe-HA-MRSA lunamandla okuvelisa usulelo olunzima nolusongela ubomi. Ezi zifo zihlala zifuna i-antibiotics nge-IV, ngamanye amaxesha ixesha elide kuxhomekeke kubukrakra bosulelo lwakho.

Unyango lwe-CA-MRSA

Usulelo lwe-CA-MRSA luya kuhlala luphucula ngomlomo i-antibiotics yodwa. Ukuba unesifo esaneleyo solusu, ugqirha wakho unokuthatha isigqibo sokwenza ukusikwa kunye nokuhambisa amanzi.

Incision kunye ne-drainage zihlala zenziwa kuseto lweofisi phantsi kwe-anesthesia yendawo. Ugqirha wakho uya kusebenzisa i-scalpel ukusika ukuvula indawo yosulelo kwaye uyikhuphe ngokupheleleyo. Awunakudinga i-antibiotics ukuba oku kuyenziwa.

Anokuthintelwa njani uMRSA?

Thatha la manyathelo alandelayo ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokufumana nokusasaza i-CA-MRSA:

• Hlamba izandla zakho rhoqo. Lo ngumgca wokuqala wokuzikhusela ekusasazeni i-MRSA. Khuhla izandla zakho okwemizuzwana eyi-15 ngaphambi kokuba uzomise ngetawuli. Sebenzisa enye itawuli ukucima itompu. Thatha isicoci ngesandla esineepesenti ezingama-60 zotywala. Yisebenzise ukugcina izandla zakho zicocekile xa ungakwazi ukufikelela kwisepha namanzi.
• Gcina amanxeba akho egqunyiwe ngalo lonke ixesha. Ukugquma amanxeba kunokuthintela ubovu okanye olunye ulwelo oluqukethe i-staph bacteria kwindawo ezingcolisayo ezinokuchukunyiswa ngabanye abantu.
• Musa ukwabelana ngezinto zobuqu. Oku kubandakanya iitawuli, amashiti, iincakuba, kunye nezixhobo zemidlalo.
• Coca ilinen yakho. Ukuba usikekile okanye waphukile ulusu, hlamba iilinen zebhedi kunye netawuli emanzini ashushu kunye neblitshi eyongezelelweyo kwaye womise yonke into ngobushushu obuphezulu kwisomisi. Kuya kufuneka uhlambe indawo yokuzivocavoca kunye neempahla zembaleki emva kokusetyenziswa ngakunye.

Abantu abane-HA-MRSA bahlala bebekwa bodwa okwexeshana de kube usulelo luphuculwe. Ukuzahlula kuthintela ukusasazeka kolu hlobo losulelo lwe-MRSA. Abasebenzi besibhedlele abakhathalela abantu abane-MRSA kufuneka balandele inkqubo engqongqo yokuhlamba izandla.

Ukuqhubela phambili ukunciphisa umngcipheko kwi-MRSA, abasebenzi basesibhedlele kunye nabakhenkethi kufuneka banxibe iimpahla zokuzikhusela kunye neiglavu ukunqanda ukudibana nendawo ezingcolileyo. Iilinen kunye neendawo ezingcolileyo kufuneka zihlale zibulawe iintsholongwane ngokufanelekileyo.

Ithini imbonakalo yexesha elide kubantu abane-MRSA?

Ngelixa abantu abaninzi baneebhaktheriya ze-MRSA ezihlala kulusu lwabo, ukuvezwa okungaphaya kunokukhokelela kwizifo ezinobungozi.

Iimpawu kunye nonyango ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeka kuhlobo losulelo lwe-MRSA umntu analo. Ukuziqhelanisa neendlela ezibalaseleyo zokuthintela usulelo, njengokuhlamba izandla rhoqo, ukuyeka ukwabelana ngezinto zakho, kunye nokugcina amanxeba egqunyiwe, acocekile kwaye omile kunokunceda ukuthintela ukusasazeka kwawo.