Kufutshane-ukurhaxwa

Umxholo

• Oonobangela bokurhaxwa kufutshane
• Iimpawu zomntu ophantse warhaxwa
• Unyango lokurhaxwa kufutshane
• Umbono womntu ophantse warhaxwa
• Iindlela zokunceda ukunqanda ukurhaxwa kunye neziganeko zokuntywila
• Uthintelo ebantwaneni
• Thatha iiklasi zeCPR

Yintoni ekurhaxwa kufutshane?

Ukurhaxwa kufutshane ligama elisetyenziselwa ukuchaza phantse ukufa ngenxa yokuxinana phantsi kwamanzi. Inqanaba lokugqibela ngaphambi kokurhaxwa kwabantu, okubangela ukufa. Amaxhoba asecaleni lokuntywila asadinga unyango ukuze kuthintelwe iingxaki ezinxulumene nezempilo.

Uninzi lwabantu abaphantse ukurhaxwa ngabantwana abancinci, kodwa iingozi zokuntywila zinokwenzeka nakubani na nabuphi na ubudala.

Oonobangela bokurhaxwa kufutshane

Ukurhaxwa kufutshane kwenzeka xa ungakwazi ukuphefumla phantsi kwamanzi ixesha elibalulekileyo. Ngexesha lokurhaxwa kufutshane, umzimba wakho unqunyulwe kwioksijini ukuya kwindawo apho iinkqubo ezinkulu zomzimba zinokuqalisa ukuvala ukungabikho kokuhamba kweoksijini. Ngamanye amaxesha (ngakumbi kubantwana abancinci), oku kunokwenzeka kwimizuzwana nje. Inkqubo ihlala ithatha ixesha elide kubantu abadala.

Kubalulekile ukuba ukhumbule ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuvuselela umntu obesele ephantsi kwamanzi ixesha elide.

Uninzi lweziganeko zokurhaxwa kufutshane zichaphazeleka kwiingozi ezenzeka kufutshane okanye emanzini. Izizathu eziqhelekileyo zokurhaxwa kufutshane zibandakanya:

• ukungakwazi ukudada
• panic emanzini
• ukushiya abantwana bengakhathalelwanga kufutshane namanzi
• ukushiya iintsana zingakhathalelwanga, nokuba lixesha elifutshane, kwiibhafu zokuhlambela
• ukuwela kumkhenkce omncinci
• Ukusela utywala ngelixa uqubha okanye kwisikhephe
• ukuxubana, ukuxhamla, okanye ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo xa usemanzini
• ukuzama ukuzibulala

Yimbono ephosakeleyo yokuba ukhuselekile ukuba umkhulu kunomzimba wamanzi. Unokuntywila kwiisentimitha ezimbalwa zamanzi.

Iimpawu zomntu ophantse warhaxwa

Umntu ophantse warhaxwa usenokungaphenduli. Ezinye iimpawu zibandakanya:

• ulusu olubandayo okanye oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka
• ukudumba kwesisu
• iintlungu zesifuba
• ukukhohlela
• ukufutshane okanye ukungabikho komphefumlo
• ukugabha

Unyango lokurhaxwa kufutshane

Ukurhaxwa kufutshane kuhlala kwenzeka xa kungekho mlondolozi okanye ugqirha wezonyango okhoyo. Ungazama ukuhlangula umntu emanzini, kodwa kuphela ukuba kukhuselekile kuwe ukuba wenze njalo. Iingcebiso zokunceda umntu orhaxwayo zibandakanya:

• Sebenzisa izinto ezikhuselekileyo, ezinje ngamakhonkco obomi kunye nokuphosa iintambo, ukunceda ixhoba ukuba lisazi.
• Kuya kufuneka ungene emanzini ukuze ugcine umntu ongekho zingqondweni ukuba unezakhono zokudada ukuze wenze oko ngokukhuselekileyo.
• Kubalulekile ukuqala ukuhlangula ukuphefumla ngokukhawuleza ukuba umntu uyekile ukuphefumla. I-CPR ibandakanya ukunika ioksijini emntwini ngokuhamba umlomo nomlomo. Ukucinezelwa kwesifuba kubalulekile ngokufanayo, kuba kuyanceda ukonyusa ukuhamba kweoksijini egazini ukukhusela iingxaki ezibulalayo.
• Lumka kakhulu xa uphatha umntu kwaye usenza i-CPR, njengoko umntu enokuba nentamo okanye ukwenzakala emqolo. Musa ukushukuma okanye ujike intamo okanye intloko. Zinzisa intamo ngokubamba ngesandla intloko nentamo endaweni okanye ukubeka iitawuli okanye ezinye izinto ezijikeleze intamo ukuyixhasa.
• Ukuba umntu uye warhaxwa ngamanzi abandayo, susa iimpahla zakhe ezimanzi uzigqume ngeengubo ezishushu okanye impahla yokuthintela i-hypothermia. Qaphela ukuxhasa intamo ngelixa ususa impahla.

Ukuba babini okanye nangaphezulu abantu abakhoyo nexhoba, omnye kufuneka aqale i-CPR, ngelixa omnye ebiza i-911.

Ukuvuselelwa kusenokwenzeka nokuba umntu ebephantsi kwamanzi ixesha elide.

Umbono womntu ophantse warhaxwa

Ukurhaxwa kufutshane akusoloko kubulala, kodwa kungakhokelela kubunzima bempilo. Ukuze ufumane ithuba elihle lokufumana kwakhona, khangela uncedo ngokukhawuleza.

Ukurhaxwa kufutshane kunokubangela iingxaki kuxhomekeke ekubeni umntu uncitshiswa ixesha elingakanani ioksijini. Iingxaki zinokubandakanya:

• ukukrala kwemiphunga
• isifo esimandundu soxinzelelo lwamalungu okuphefumla
• ukulimala kwengqondo
• ukungalingani kwemichiza kunye nolwelo emzimbeni
• imeko yezityalo esisigxina

Uninzi lwabantu lusinda kufutshane nokuntywila emanzini emva kweeyure ezingama-24 zesehlo sokuqala.

Nokuba umntu sele ephantsi kwamanzi ixesha elide, kusenokwenzeka ukuba bamvuselele. Musa ukwenza umnxeba wokugweba ngokusekwe kwixesha. Tsalela umnxeba kwi-911 kwaye wenze iCPR. Ungasindisa ubomi.

Iindlela zokunceda ukunqanda ukurhaxwa kunye neziganeko zokuntywila

Amawakawaka amatyala okuntywila kufutshane ngonyaka. Zininzi iingozi ezinokuthintelwa. Ukuhlala ukhuselekile emanzini:

• Musa ukuqhuba kwiindlela ezikhukula.
• Sukubaleka ujikeleze umphetho wephuli.
• Kuphephe ukusela utywala ngelixa uqubha okanye uhamba ngesikhephe.
• Thatha iklasi yokhuseleko lwamanzi.

Uthintelo ebantwaneni

Ukurhaxwa ngunobangela ophambili wokufa okungafunekiyo okunxulumene nokwenzakala kubantwana abaneminyaka emi-1-4 ubudala. Ukuthintela ukuntywila kufutshane ebantwaneni kufuna amanyathelo okhuseleko. Nanga amanyathelo okhuseleko:

• Vimba ukufikelela komntwana kwiindawo zokubhukuda.
• Ungaze ushiye iithoyi kumadanyana (oku kungarhwebesha umntwana omncinci ukuba ayifumane into yokudlala).
• Qubha nabantwana abancinci ubude bengalo.
• Ungaze ushiye umntwana yedwa ebhafini.
• Gcina abantwana kude nemithombo, imilambo, imijelo, amachibi kunye nemilambo.
• Awunakho ukugcwalisa amachibi abantwana okanye iiplastiki kwaye uwajike emva kokusetyenziswa ngakunye (ukuthintela amanzi emvula ekuqokeleleni).
• Faka ii-alamu ecaleni kweminyango kunye neefestile, ngakumbi ukuba unephuli okanye uhlala kufutshane namanzi.
• Yiba nezinto zokuhlangula kunye nefowuni xa ukudada.
• Gcina isitya sangasese sigubungela phantsi (ukuntywila kungenzeka nge-intshi okanye ngaphantsi kwamanzi).

Thatha iiklasi zeCPR

Ukufunda i-CPR kungasindisa ubomi bomntu obathandayo. Thatha umasifundisane weCPR okanye ubukele ividiyo yoqeqesho. Umnqamlezo obomvu waseMelika unolwazi ngeeklasi kunye neevidiyo zokufundisa kwiwebhusayithi yabo. Gcina ukhumbula ukuba i-CPR inokukunceda ukuqhuba ukuphefumla, kodwa akufuneki isetyenziswe endaweni yoncedo lwezonyango olungxamisekileyo.