Unyango olutsha nolwangoku lweCOPD

Umxholo

• I-bronchodilators esebenza ixesha elide
• I-bronchodilators emfutshane
• I-Anticholinergic Inhalers
• Inhalers yokudibanisa
• Amayeza omlomo
• Ugqirha
• Bullectomy
• Utyando lokunciphisa ivolumu ende
• Utyando lwevalve ye-Endobronchial
• Unyango lwexesha elizayo lweCOPD
• Yise kude

Isifo esinganyangekiyo semiphunga (COPD) sisifo esingapheliyo sokudumba kwemiphunga esibangela iimpawu ezifana nokuphefumla nzima, ukwanda kwemveliso yencindi, ukuqina kwesifuba, ukuvutha nokukhohlela.

Akukho lunyango lwe-COPD, kodwa unyango lwale meko lunokukunceda ukuyilawula kwaye uphile ubomi obude. Okokuqala, kuya kufuneka uyeke ukutshaya ukuba uyatshaya. Ugqirha wakho unokumisela i-bronchodilator, enokuthi isebenze ngokufutshane okanye isebenze ixesha elide. La mayeza ayayekelela izihlunu ezijikeleze umoya wakho ukunciphisa iimpawu.

Unokubona ukuphuculwa kunye nezongezo zonyango ezinje nge-inhaled steroids, i-oral steroids, kunye nee-antibiotics, kunye nolunye unyango lwangoku kunye nolutsha kwiCOPD.

Abaphefumli

I-bronchodilators esebenza ixesha elide

Iibronchodilators ezisebenza ixesha elide zisetyenziselwa unyango lwemihla ngemihla lokulawula iimpawu. La mayeza akhulula iimpawu ngokuphumla kwezihlunu kwiindlela zomoya kunye nokususa i-mucus kwimiphunga.

I-bronchodilators esebenza ixesha elide ibandakanya i-salmeterol, i-formoterol, i-vilanterol, kunye ne-olodaterol.

I-Indacaterol (Arcapta) yibronchodilator entsha esebenza ixesha elide. Ukutya kunye noLawulo lweeMithi (i-FDA) yavuma iyeza ngo-2011.

I-Indacaterol ithathwa kanye yonke imihla. Isebenza ngokukhuthaza i-enzyme enceda iiseli zemisipha kwimiphunga yakho. Iqala ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza, kwaye iziphumo zayo zinokuhlala ixesha elide.

Eli chiza linokukhethwa xa ufumana ukuphefumla kancinci okanye ukuvutha kunye nezinye i-bronchodilators ezisebenza ixesha elide. Iziphumo ezinokubakho zibandakanya ukukhohlela, ukuphuma empumlweni, intloko ebuhlungu, isicaphucaphu, kunye novalo.

Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa i-bronchodilator esebenza ixesha elide ukuba unayo i-COPD kunye ne-asthma.

I-bronchodilators emfutshane

I-bronchodilators emfutshane, ngamanye amaxesha ibizwa ngokuba yi-inhalers yokuhlangula, ayisetyenziswa yonke imihla. Ezi inhalers zisetyenziswa xa zifuneka kwaye zibonelela ngoncedo olukhawulezayo xa unengxaki yokuphefumla.

Ezi ntlobo ze-bronchodilators zibandakanya i-albuterol (Ventolin HFA), metaproterenol (Alupent), kunye nelevalbuterol (Xopenex).

I-Anticholinergic Inhalers

I-anticholinergic inhaler lolunye uhlobo lwe-bronchodilator kunyango lweCOPD. Inceda ukuthintela ukuqina kwemisipha ejikeleze i-airways, nayo.

Itholakala njenge-inhaler-dose inhaler, kunye nefom ye-liquid ye-nebulizers. Ezi zi-inhalers zinokusebenza ngokufutshane okanye zisebenze ixesha elide. Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa i-anticholinergic ukuba unayo i-COPD kunye ne-asthma.

I-Anticholinergic inhalers ibandakanya i-tiotropium (Spiriva), ipratropium, i-aclidinium (Tudorza), kunye ne-umeclidinium (ekhoyo ngokudibeneyo).

Inhalers yokudibanisa

I-Steroids inokunciphisa ukuvuvukala komoya. Ngesi sizathu, abanye abantu abaneCOPD basebenzisa i-bronchodilator inhaler kunye ne-inhaled steroid. Kodwa ukugcina ii-inhalers ezimbini kunokuba yinto ephazamisayo.

Ezinye ii-inhalers ezintsha zidibanisa amayeza zombini i-bronchodilator kunye ne-steroid. Ezi zibizwa ngokuba zii-inhalers zokudibanisa.

Ezinye iintlobo zokudibanisa inhalers zikhona, nazo. Umzekelo, abanye badibanisa amayeza e-bronchodilators efutshane kunye ne-anticholinergic inhalers okanye i-bronchodilators esebenza ixesha elide kunye ne-anticholinergic inhalers.

Kukho kwakhona ukunyanga okuphindwe kathathu kweCOPD okubizwa ngokuba yi-fluticasone / umeclidinium / vilanterol (Trelegy Ellipta). Eli yeza lidibanisa amayeza e-COPD amathathu asebenza ixesha elide.

Amayeza omlomo

I-Roflumilast (iDaliresp) inceda ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala komoya kubantu abane-COPD eqatha. Eli yeza linokuphinda lenze umonakalo kumathambo, ngokuthe ngcembe ukuphucula ukusebenza kwemiphunga.

I-Roflumilast ilungiselelwe ngokukodwa abantu abanembali yokuqaqanjelwa kakhulu kweCOPD. Akuyena wonke umntu.

Iziphumo ezinokuthi zenzeke nge-roflumilast zibandakanya urhudo, isicaphucaphu, iintlungu zomqolo, isiyezi, ukuncipha kokutya, kunye nentloko.

Ugqirha

Abanye abantu abaneCOPD enzima ekugqibeleni bafuna ukufakelwa kwemiphunga. Le nkqubo iyimfuneko xa ubunzima bokuphefumla busongela ubomi.

Ukufakelwa kwemiphunga kususa umphunga owonakeleyo kuze kufakwe onikela ngempilo endaweni yawo. Nangona kunjalo, kukho ezinye iindlela zokwenza unyango ngeCOPD. Unokuba ngumgqatswa wolunye uhlobo lotyando.

Bullectomy

I-COPD inokuzitshabalalisa iingxowa zomoya kwimiphunga yakho, nto leyo ikhokelela kuphuhliso lwezithuba zomoya ezibizwa ngokuba yi-bullae. Njengoko ezi zithuba zomoya zikhula okanye zikhula, ukuphefumla kuya kuba nzulu kwaye kubenzima.

I-bullectomy yinkqubo yotyando esusa iisaka zomoya ezonakeleyo. Inokunciphisa ukuphefumla kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kwemiphunga.

Utyando lokunciphisa ivolumu ende

I-COPD ibangela ukonakala kwemiphunga, ekwadlala indima nakwiingxaki zokuphefumla. Ngokwe-American Lung Association, olu tyando lususa malunga neepesenti ezingama-30 zezicwili ezonakeleyo okanye ezigulayo zemiphunga.

Ngeenxalenye ezonakeleyo ezisusiweyo, uvalo lwakho lunokusebenza ngokukuko, likuvumela ukuba uphefumle lula.

Utyando lwevalve ye-Endobronchial

Le nkqubo isetyenziselwa ukunyanga abantu abane-emphysema ebukhali, uhlobo lweCOPD.

Ngoqhaqho lwevalvethi endobronchial, iivelufa ezincinci zeZephyr zibekwe kwiindlela zomoya ukuvimba indawo ezonakeleyo zemiphunga. Oku kunciphisa i-hyperinflation, kuvumela amacandelo asempilweni emiphunga yakho ukuba asebenze ngokufanelekileyo.

Utyando lwevalve luyanciphisa uxinzelelo kwi-diaphragm kwaye linciphise ukuphefumla.

Unyango lwexesha elizayo lweCOPD

I-COPD yimeko echaphazela abantu kwihlabathi liphela. Oogqirha nabaphandi basebenza ngokuqhubekayo ukuphuhlisa amayeza amatsha kunye neenkqubo zokuphucula ukuphefumla kwabo baphila nale meko.

Uvavanyo lwezonyango luvavanya ukusebenza kwamachiza e-biologic kunyango lweCOPD. I-Biologics luhlobo lonyango olujolise kumthombo wokudumba.

Olunye uvavanyo luye lwavavanya ichiza ekuthiwa yi-anti-interleukin 5 (IL-5). Eli chiza lijolise kwi-eosinophilic airway inflammation. Kuye kwaqatshelwa ukuba abanye abantu abaneCOPD banenani elikhulu leeososophil, uhlobo oluthile lweeseli ezimhlophe zegazi. Esi sidakamizwa se-biologic sinokunciphisa okanye sinciphise inani le-eosinophils yegazi, ukubonelela ngoncedo kwiCOPD.

Olunye uphando luyafuneka, nangona kunjalo. Okwangoku, akukho ziyobisi ze-biologic zamkelweyo kunyango lweCOPD.

Uvavanyo lweklinikhi luvavanya ukusetyenziswa kwe-stem cell yonyango kunyango lweCOPD. Ukuba ivunyiwe kwikamva, olu hlobo lonyango lunokusetyenziselwa ukuvuselela izicwili zemiphunga kunye nokuguqula umonakalo wamaphaphu.

Yise kude

I-COPD inokubakho ukusuka kubumnene ukuya kubunzima. Unyango lwakho luya kuxhomekeka kubukhali beempawu zakho. Ukuba unyango lwendabuko okanye lokuqala aluyiphuculi i-COPD yakho, thetha nogqirha wakho. Unokuba ngumgqatswa wonyango lokongeza okanye unyango olutsha.