Isifo seBongo seOrganic

Umxholo

• Ziintoni iimpawu zoPhuculo lweNeurocognitive Disorder?
• Yintoni ebangela ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo?
• Bangoobani oMngcipheko beNeurocognitive Disorder?
• Zichongwa njani iingxaki zeNeurocognitive?
• Zinyangwa Njani iingxaki zeNeurocognitive?
• Yeyiphi imbonakalo yexesha elide yaBantu abaneZifo eziPhazamisayo zeNeurocognitive?

Zintoni iingxaki zokuPhazamiseka kwengqondo?

Iziphazamiso ze-neurocognitive liqela leemeko ezihlala zikhokelela ekusebenzeni kwengqondo okungalunganga. Ingqondo yengqondo yayiqhele ukuba ligama lokuchaza ezi meko, kodwa ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo Ngoku ligama elisetyenziswa ngokuxhaphakileyo.

Iingxaki ze-neurocognitive zihlala zikhona kubantu abadala, kodwa zinokuchaphazela nabantu abancinci ngokunjalo. Ukunciphisa ukusebenza kwengqondo kunokubandakanya:

• iingxaki ngememori
• utshintsho kwindlela yokuziphatha
• ubunzima bokuqonda ulwimi
• ingxaki yokwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla

Ezi mpawu zinokubangelwa yimeko ye-neurodegenerative, enje ngesifo se-Alzheimer okanye isifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo. Izifo ze-Neurodegenerative zibangela ukuba ubuchopho kunye neethambo ziwohloke ngokuhamba kwexesha, zikhokelela ekuphulukaneni ngokuthe ngcembe nomsebenzi we-neurological. Ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo ngokuchasene nengqondo nako kunokukhula ngenxa yoxinzelelo lobuchopho okanye ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kweziyobisi. Ababoneleli ngononophelo lwempilo bahlala befumanisa unobangela wesifo sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo ngokusekwe kwiimpawu ezichaziweyo kunye neziphumo zovavanyo lokuqonda isifo. Unobangela kunye nobukrakra bokuphazamiseka kwengqondo kunokunceda ababoneleli ngezempilo ukuba babone olona nyango lulungileyo.

Imbonakalo yexesha elide yabantu abanengxaki yokuphazamiseka kwengqondo kuxhomekeke kwisizathu. Xa isifo se-neurodegenerative sibangela ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo, imeko ihlala iba mandundu ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukunciphisa ukusebenza kwengqondo kunokuba yinto yexeshana, ke abantu banokulindela ukubuyela kwimeko yesiqhelo.

Ziintoni iimpawu zoPhuculo lweNeurocognitive Disorder?

Iimpawu zokuphazamiseka kwemithambo-luvo zinokwahluka ngoonobangela. Xa imeko yenzeka ngenxa yesifo se-neurodegenerative, abantu banokuba namava:

• ukulahleka kwememori
• ukudideka
• ixhala

Ezinye iimpawu ezinokuthi zenzeke kubantu abaneengxaki ze-neurocognitive zibandakanya:

• iintloko, ngakumbi kwezo zinesiphithiphithi okanye ukwenzakala kwengqondo okubuhlungu
• ukungakwazi ukugxila okanye ukugxila
• ukulahleka kwememori yexesha elifutshane
• ingxaki yokwenza imisebenzi yesiqhelo, njengokuqhuba
• ubunzima bokuhamba kunye nokulinganisa
• utshintsho kumbono

Yintoni ebangela ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo?

Esona sizathu siqhelekileyo sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo sisifo se-neurodegenerative. Izifo ze-Neurodegenerative ezinokukhokelela kuphuhliso lweengxaki ze-neurocognitive zibandakanya:

• Isifo se-Alzheimer
• Isifo sikaParkinson
• Isifo sikaHuntington
• Isifo sengqondo esiyingozi
• isifo seprion
• isifo sokugubhuka

Kubantu abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-60, nangona kunjalo, iingxaki ze-neurocognitive zinokwenzeka ukuba zenzeke emva kokonzakala okanye usulelo. Iimeko zeNondegenerative ezinokubangela ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo kubandakanya:

• ukuxubana
• ukwenzakala kwengqondo okubuhlungu okubangela ukopha kwingqondo okanye kwindawo ejikeleze ingqondo
• amahlwili egazi
• meningitis
• encephalitis
• septicemia
• iziyobisi okanye utywala
• i-vitamin

Bangoobani oMngcipheko beNeurocognitive Disorder?

Umngcipheko wokukhula kokuphazamiseka kwengqondo ngokuxhomekeke kwindlela ophila ngayo nakwindlela oqhele ngayo imihla ngemihla. Ukusebenza kwimeko enokubhencwa kwisinyithi esinzima kunokunyusa kakhulu umngcipheko wokuphazamiseka kwengqondo. Isinyithi esinzima, esifana nelothe kunye nemekyuri, sinokonakalisa inkqubo yeemvakalelo ngokuhamba kwexesha. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukubhencwa rhoqo kwezi zinyithi kukubeka emngciphekweni owandisiweyo wokuhla kwengqondo.

Kukwanokwenzeka ukuba uphuhlise ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo ukuba:

• bangaphezulu kweminyaka engama-60 ubudala
• unesifo sentliziyo
• unesifo seswekile
• ukusebenzisa kakubi utywala okanye iziyobisi
• bathathe inxaxheba kwezemidlalo benomngcipheko omkhulu wokwenzakala entloko, njengebhola ekhatywayo kunye nombhoxo

Zichongwa njani iingxaki zeNeurocognitive?

Ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo akubangelwa kukuphazamiseka kwengqondo. Nangona kunjalo, uninzi lweempawu zokuphazamiseka kwemithambo-luvo ziyafana nezo ziphazamiso ezithile zengqondo, kubandakanya i-schizophrenia, uxinzelelo kunye neengqondo. Ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa ngokuchanekileyo, ababoneleli bezempilo baya kwenza iimvavanyo ezahlukeneyo zokuchonga ezinokuhlulahlula iimpawu zokuphazamiseka kwengqondo ngokuchasene nengxaki yengqondo. Ezi mvavanyo zihlala zibandakanya:

• I-cranial CT scan: Olu vavanyo lusebenzisa uthotho lwemifanekiso ye-X-ray ukwenza imifanekiso yokakayi, ingqondo, iisono kunye neziseko zamehlo. Ingasetyenziselwa ukuvavanya izicwili ezithambileyo kwingqondo.
• Iskena se-MRI esentloko: Olu vavanyo lokucinga lusebenzisa iimagnethi ezinamandla kunye namaza erediyo ukuvelisa imifanekiso eneenkcukacha zobuchopho. Le mifanekiso inokubonisa iimpawu zokonakala kwengqondo.
• Iskena se-positron emission tomography (PET): Iskena se-PET sisebenzisa idayi ekhethekileyo enezitraki ze-radioactive. Ezi tracers zitofelwe emthanjeni kwaye zisasazeke emzimbeni wonke, zibonisa naziphi na iindawo ezonakalisiweyo.
• i-electroencephalogram (i-EEG): I-EEG ilinganisa umsebenzi wombane kwingqondo. Olu vavanyo lunokunceda ekufumaneni naziphi na iingxaki ezinxulumene nalo msebenzi.

Zinyangwa Njani iingxaki zeNeurocognitive?

Unyango lweengxaki ze-neurocognitive luyahluka ngokuxhomekeka kwisizathu esisisiseko. Iimeko ezithile zinokufuna kuphela ukuphumla kunye namayeza. Izifo ze-Neurodegenerative zinokufuna iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zonyango.

Unyango lweengxaki zokuphazamiseka kwengqondo lunokubandakanya:

• ukuphumla ebhedini ukunika ukonzakala ixesha lokuphola
• amayeza entlungu, njenge-indomethacin, yokuphelisa iintloko
• antibiotics ukucoca usulelo olusele luchaphazela ingqondo, ezinje nge-meningitis
• utyando ukulungisa nawuphi na umonakalo omkhulu wobuchopho
• Unyango lomsebenzi ukunceda ukuphucula izakhono zemihla ngemihla
• unyango lomzimba ukuphucula amandla, ukulungelelanisa, ukulinganisela kunye nokuguquguquka

Yeyiphi imbonakalo yexesha elide yaBantu abaneZifo eziPhazamisayo zeNeurocognitive?

Imbonakalo yexesha elide yabantu abanengxaki yokuphazamiseka kwengqondo ngokuxhomekeka kuhlobo lokuphazamiseka kwengqondo. Iziphazamiso ze-Neurocognitive ezifana ne-dementia okanye i-Alzheimer yangoku. Kungenxa yokuba akukho lunyango lwezo meko kunye nokusebenza kwengqondo ngokuzinzileyo kuya kusiba mandundu ngokuhamba kwexesha.

Nangona kunjalo, imbonakalo yabantu abaneengxaki zokuphazamiseka kwengqondo, ezinje ngengqumbo okanye usulelo, zihlala zilungile kuba ezi zezokwexeshana kwaye ziyanyangeka. Kule meko, abantu banokulindela ukuba bachache ngokupheleleyo.