IParoxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardia (PSVT)

Umxholo

• Zeziphi izinto ezinobungozi kwi-paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia?
• Zeziphi iimpawu ze-paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia?
• I-paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia ichongwa njani?
• Iphathwa njani i-paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia?
• Iyintoni imbonakalo yeparoxysmal supraventricular tachycardia?
• Iindidi: Q&A
• Q:
• A:

Yintoni i-paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia?

Iziqendu zesantya sentliziyo esikhawulezayo kunesiqhelo zibonisa uphawu lweparoxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT). I-PSVT luhlobo oluqhelekileyo lwenqanaba lentliziyo elingaqhelekanga. Inokwenzeka nakweyiphi na iminyaka nakubantu abangenazo ezinye iimeko zentliziyo.

I-node yesono senhliziyo idla ngokuthumela imiqondiso yombane ukuxelela izihlunu zentliziyo ukuba zenze nini isivumelwano. Kwi-PSVT, indlela yombane engaqhelekanga ibangela ukuba intliziyo ibethe ngokukhawuleza kunesiqhelo. Iziqendu zenqanaba lentliziyo elikhawulezayo zinokuhlala ukusuka kwimizuzu embalwa ukuya kwiiyure ezininzi. Umntu one-PSVT unokubetha kwentliziyo njenge-beats ezingama-250 ngomzuzu (bpm). Umgangatho oqhelekileyo uphakathi kwe-60 kunye ne-100 bpm.

I-PSVT inokubangela iimpawu ezingathandekiyo, kodwa ayisoloko isongela ubomi. Uninzi lwabantu aludingi unyango lwexesha elide lwe-PSVT. Kukho amayeza kunye neenkqubo ezinokuba yimfuneko kwezinye iimeko, ngakumbi apho iPSVT iphazamisa ukusebenza kwentliziyo.

Igama elithi "paroxysmal" lithetha ukuba kwenzeka kuphela amaxesha ngamaxesha.

Zeziphi izinto ezinobungozi kwi-paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia?

I-PSVT ichaphazela malunga 1 kubantwana abangama-2 500. Sisona siqhelo sentliziyo siqheleke kakhulu kwiintsana nakwiintsana. I-Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome (WPW) lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lwePSVT ebantwaneni nakwiintsana.

I-PSVT ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abadala abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-65. Abantu abadala abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 kunokwenzeka ukuba babe ne-atrial fibrillation (AFib).

Kwintliziyo eqhelekileyo, indawo yesono ekhokela umqondiso wombane ngendlela ethile. Oku kulawula ukuphindaphinda kweentliziyo zakho. Indlela eyongezelelweyo, ehlala ikhona kwi-tachycardia engaphezulu, inokukhokelela ekubetheni kwentliziyo ngokungaqhelekanga kwe-PSVT.

Kukho amayeza athile enza ukuba i-PSVT ibe nokwenzeka ngakumbi. Umzekelo, xa uthathwa ngeedosi ezinkulu, iyeza lentliziyo ledigital (digoxin) linokukhokelela kwiziqendu zePSVT. Amanyathelo alandelayo anokunyusa umngcipheko wokuba nesiqendu sePSVT:

• ukufunxa icaffeine
• ukufunxa utywala
• ukutshaya
• ukusebenzisa iziyobisi ezingekho mthethweni
• ukuthatha amayeza athile okwaliwa nokukhohlela

Zeziphi iimpawu ze-paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia?

Iimpawu zePSVT zifana neempawu zokuhlaselwa ngoxinzelelo kwaye zinokubandakanya:

• ukubetha kwentliziyo
• ukubetha ngokukhawuleza
• imvakalelo yokuqina okanye iintlungu esifubeni
• ixhala
• ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo

Kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, i-PSVT inokubangela ukuba nesiyezi kwaye ide iphelelwe ngamandla ngenxa yokuhamba gazi okungalunganga ukuya kwingqondo.

Ngamanye amaxesha, umntu ofumana iimpawu ze-PSVT unokuyidida imeko leyo ngenxa yesifo sentliziyo. Oku kuyinyani ngakumbi ukuba sisiqendu sabo sokuqala sePSVT. Ukuba iintlungu zesifuba sakho zinzima kufuneka uye kwigumbi likaxakeka kuvavanyo.

I-paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia ichongwa njani?

Ukuba unesiqendu sokubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza ngexesha loviwo, ugqirha wakho uya kuba nakho ukulinganisa ukubetha kwentliziyo yakho. Ukuba iphezulu kakhulu, banokurhanela i-PSVT.

Ukuchonga i-PSVT, ugqirha wakho uya kuyala i-electrocardiogram (EKG). Olu luphawu lombane lwentliziyo. Inokukunceda ekuchongeni ukuba loluphi uhlobo lwengxaki yesingqisho ebangela ukubetha kwentliziyo yakho ngokukhawuleza. I-PSVT sesinye sezizathu ezininzi zokubetha kwentliziyo ngokungaqhelekanga. Ugqirha wakho uya kuthi a-odole i-echocardiogram, okanye i-ultrasound yentliziyo, ukuvavanya ubungakanani, ukuhamba, kunye nolwakhiwo lwentliziyo yakho.

Ukuba unesigqi sentliziyo esingaqhelekanga okanye ireyithi, ugqirha wakho unokukuthumela kwingcali eyingcali kwiingxaki zombane zentliziyo. Baziwa ngokuba zii-electrophysiologists okanye ii-EP cardiologists. Banokwenza isifundo se-electrophysiology (EPS). Oku kuya kubandakanya ukuhambisa iintambo ngokusebenzisa umthambo kwi-groin yakho kunye nokuya entliziyweni yakho. Oku kuyakuvumela ugqirha wakho ukuba avavanye isingqisho sentliziyo yakho ngokujonga iindlela zombane zentliziyo yakho.

Ugqirha wakho unokujonga kwakhona ukubetha kwentliziyo yakho ixesha elininzi. Kule meko, unganxiba esweni i-Holter iiyure ezingama-24 okanye nangaphezulu. Ngelo xesha, uya kuba neenzwa eziqhotyoshelwe esifubeni sakho kwaye uya kunxiba isixhobo esincinci esirekhoda ukubetha kwentliziyo yakho. Ugqirha wakho uya kuvavanya ukurekhodwa ukufumanisa ukuba une-PSVT okanye olunye uhlobo lwesingqisho esingaqhelekanga.

Iphathwa njani i-paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia?

Awunakudinga unyango ukuba iimpawu zakho zincinci okanye ukuba unee-episodes zokukhawuleza kwenqanaba lentliziyo ngamanye amaxesha. Unyango lunokufuneka ukuba unemeko ebangela ukuba i-PSVT okanye iimpawu ezibi kakhulu njengokusilela kwentliziyo okanye ukudlula.

Ukuba unesantya sentliziyo ekhawulezileyo kodwa iimpawu zakho azikho qatha, ugqirha wakho angakubonisa ubuchule bokubuyisela ukubetha kwentliziyo yakho kwesiqhelo. Ibizwa ngokuba kukuqhuba kweValsalva. Kubandakanya ukuvala umlomo kunye nokucofa impumlo yakho ngelixa uzama ukukhupha kunye nokucinezela ngokungathi uzama ukuhamba kwamathumbu. Kuya kufuneka uyenze le xa uhleli kwaye ugoba umzimba wakho phambili.

Unokwenza lo mkhwa ekhaya. Inokusebenza ukuya kuthi ga kwiipesenti ezingama-50 zexesha. Unokuzama ukukhwehlela ngelixa uhleli kwaye ugoba phambili. Ukutshiza amanzi e-ice ebusweni bakho yenye indlela yokunceda ukuthoba isantya sentliziyo yakho.

Unyango lwe-PSVT lubandakanya amayeza, anje nge-flecainide okanye ipropafenone, ukunceda ukulawula ukubetha kwentliziyo yakho. Inkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi-radiofrequency catheter ablation yindlela eqhelekileyo yokulungisa i-PSVT ngokusisigxina. Yenziwa ngendlela efanayo ne-EPS. Ivumela ugqirha wakho ukuba asebenzise ii-electrode ukukhubaza indlela yombane ebangela i-PSVT.

Ukuba i-PSVT yakho ayiphenduli kolunye unyango, ugqirha wakho unokufaka utyando kwi-pacemaker esifubeni sakho ukulawula ukubetha kwentliziyo yakho.

Iyintoni imbonakalo yeparoxysmal supraventricular tachycardia?

I-PSVT ayisongeli ubomi. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba unesifo sentliziyo, i-PSVT inokunyusa umngcipheko wokungaphumeleli kwentliziyo, i-angina, okanye ezinye izingqisho ezingaqhelekanga. Khumbula ukuba imbonakalo yakho ixhomekeke kwimpilo yakho iyonke kunye noncedo lonyango olufumanekayo.

Iindidi: Q&A

Q:

Ngaba kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeparoxysmal supraventricular tachycardia?

Isigulana esingaziwayo

A:

Uhlobo lwePSVT umntu analo lusekwe kwindlela yombane ebangela oko. Zimbini iintlobo eziphambili. Inye isekwe kwiindlela ezimbini ezikhuphisanayo zombane. Enye isekelwe kwindlela eyongezelelweyo edibanisa i-atrium (inxalenye ephezulu yentliziyo) kwi-ventricle (inxalenye engezantsi yentliziyo).

Indlela yombane ekhuphisanayo yeyona ixhaphakileyo kwiPSVT. Uhlobo olubangelwa yindlela eyongezelelweyo phakathi kwe-atrium kunye ne-ventricle engaphantsi kwesiqhelo ibangela i-PSVT kwaye ihlala inxulunyaniswa ne-Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome (WPW).

I-PSVT yenye yeentlobo ezininzi zexabiso lentliziyo elikhawulezayo kunelo liqhelekileyo elibizwa ngokuba yi-supraventricular tachycardias (SVT). Ngaphandle kwePSVT, izingqisho zeSVT zikwabandakanya iintlobo ngeentlobo zokubetha kwentliziyo ngokungaqhelekanga. Ezinye zazo zibandakanya i-atrial flutter, i-atrial fibrillation (AFib), kunye ne-multifocal atrial tachycardia (MAT). Uhlobo lwe-PSVT onalo aluchaphazeli unyango okanye umbono wakho.

UJudith Marcin, iimpendulo ze-MDA zimele uluvo lweengcali zethu zonyango. Yonke imixholo inolwazi ngokungqongqo kwaye akufuneki ukuba ithathelwe ingqalelo njengengcebiso yezonyango.