Yintoni enokubangela ukulahleka kombono

Umxholo

• 1. Umtsalane
• 2. Ukwehla kweMacular
• 3. Iglaucoma
• 4. Ukujonga kwakhona isifo seswekile
• 5. I-Retinal detachment

Ukulahleka kombono, kwiimeko ezininzi, kunokuthintelwa kuba iimeko ezikhokelela ekuphulukaneni nombono oqhubekayo zilawulwa ngokulula ngokutshintsha indlela otya ngayo, ukunxiba iiglasi zelanga kunye novavanyo lwamehlo oluqhelekileyo, olunokuchonga nayiphi na ingxaki yamehlo kwisigaba sokuqala, esinokunyangwa nombono ugciniwe.

Ukubona isifo seswekile kunye nokuwohloka kwemisipha, umzekelo, kunokuthintelwa ngokulula ngokulawula iswekile yegazi kunye nokunxiba iiglasi zelanga ngokwahlukeneyo. Ukongeza, kuyacetyiswa ukuba kuboniswane nodokotela wamehlo, ngakumbi ukuba kukho imbali kusapho lokulahleka kombono, ngakumbi xa kukho imbali ye-glaucoma kunye ne-cataract.

Oonobangela abaphambili bokulahleka kombono zezi:

1. Umtsalane

I-Cataract ibonakaliswa kukuguga kwelensi yamehlo, okukhokelela kumbono omdaka, ukonyusa ubuntununtunu ekukhanyeni kunye nelahleko yombono eqhubekayo kwaye inokwenzeka ebomini okanye emva nje kokuzalwa. I-cataract inokuvela ngenxa yeemeko ezahlukeneyo, ezinje ngokusetyenziswa kwamayeza e-corticosteroid, ukubetha kwiso okanye entloko, ukosuleleka kwamehlo kunye nokuguga.

Nangona inokukhokelela ekuphulukaneni nombono, ii-cataract ziya kuguqulwa ngokupheleleyo ngoqhaqho, apho ilensi yeliso ithathelwe indawo yilensi yeoyile. Ukusebenza kotyando akuxhomekekanga kubudala bomntu, kodwa kwinqanaba lokungaboni kakuhle. Fumanisa ukuba lwenziwa njani uqhaqho lwamehlo kwaye injani i-post-operative.

Ungakuphepha njani: I-Cataract sisifo ekunzima ukusiphepha, ubuncinci kuba umntwana sele enokuzalwa eneenguqu kwilensi yamehlo. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuba uye kugqirha wamehlo kuvavanyo olunokuthi lubonakalise nayiphi na ingxaki yombono, ngakumbi xa kukho iimpawu zosulelo lwamehlo okanye ukuba umntu unesifo seswekile, i-myopia, i-hypothyroidism okanye ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kwamayeza, umzekelo.

2. Ukwehla kweMacular

Ukonakala kwe-Macular, okwaziwa nangokuthi kukuwohloka kwe-retinal, sisifo esiveliswa ngumonakalo kwaye sinxibe kwi-retina, sikhokelela ekuphulukaneni ngokuthe ngcembe nokukwazi ukubona izinto ngokucacileyo nokubonakala kwendawo emnyama embindini wombono. Esi sifo sihlala sihambelana nobudala, siqheleke kakhulu ukusukela kwiminyaka yobudala engama-50, kodwa sinokwenzeka nakwabantu abanembali yosapho, abanesiphene kwisondlo, bahlala bevezwa kukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet okanye ukuba noxinzelelo lwegazi, umzekelo.

Ungakuphepha njani: Ukuthintela ukonakala kwe-retina, kubalulekile ukuba nemikhwa yokutya esempilweni, ukunqande ukutshaya kwaye unxibe iiglasi zelanga ukukhusela kwimitha ye-ultraviolet, ukongeza ekuya kwi-ophthalmologist rhoqo ukuba uneempawu okanye imbali yosapho.

Ngamanye amaxesha, ngokwenqanaba lokuvela kwesi sifo, ugqirha unokucebisa unyango lwe-laser, amayeza omlomo okanye e-intraocular, afana neRanibizumab okanye i-Aflibercept, umzekelo. Fumana ezinye iinkcukacha zonyango lonyango lwe-macular degeneration.

3. Iglaucoma

I-Glaucoma sisifo esinganyangekiyo esinokukhokelela ekuphulukaneni nombono ngenxa yokufa kweeseli zemithambo-luvo. I-Glaucoma sisifo esithuleyo, ke kubalulekile ukuba ujonge ukubonakala kweempawu ezithile, ngakumbi ukuba kukho imbali yosapho ye-glaucoma, njengokuncipha kwentsimi yombono, iintlungu zamehlo, umbono ongacacanga, intloko ebuhlungu, isicaphucaphu kunye ukugabha.

Ungakuphepha njani: Nangona kungekho lunyango, ilahleko yombono ngenxa yeglaucoma inokuthintelwa ngokulinganisa uxinzelelo lwamehlo kuvavanyo lwamehlo oluqhelekileyo. Ngokwesiqhelo, xa kuqinisekisiwe ukuba uxinzelelo kwiliso luphezulu, kufuneka kwenziwe uthotho lweemviwo zamehlo ezivumela ukufumanisa isifo kwaye, ngaloo ndlela, ukuthintela ukuqhubela phambili. Jonga ukuba zeziphi iimvavanyo ezichonga i-glaucoma.

Unyango lwe-glaucoma kufuneka lucetyiswe ngugqirha wamehlo ngokwenqanaba lokubandakanyeka kwe-ocular, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamaconsi wamehlo, amayeza, unyango lwe-laser okanye utyando kunokucetyiswa, okuboniswa kuphela xa ezinye iindlela zonyango zingenasiphumo sinqwenelekayo. .

4. Ukujonga kwakhona isifo seswekile

Isifo seswekile esibangelwa sisifo seswekile sisiphumo sokunyuka kweswekile yegazi, exhaphake kakhulu kubantu abane-1 yeswekile kwaye abanalo ulawulo olwaneleyo lweswekile. Iswekile egazini egqithileyo inokubangela ukonakala okuqhubekayo kwi-retina nakwimithambo yegazi ethi inkcenkceshele amehlo, ikhokelele kumbono omdaka, ubukho bamabala amnyama embonweni kunye nokulahleka kombono okuqhubekayo.

I-retinopathy yeswekile inokuhlelwa ngokobungakanani besilonda eselisweni, sesona sifo sibaluleke kakhulu ekuthiwa sisifo seswekile esandayo, esibonakala ngokubonakala kunye nokuqhekeka kweenqanawa ezibuthathaka ngakumbi emehlweni, zokopha, ukufunyanwa kweretina kunye ubumfama.

Ungakuphepha njani: I-diabetic retinopathy inokuthintelwa ngokulawula i-glycemia ekufuneka yenziwe zizigulana ezinesifo seswekile ngokwe-endocrinologist. Ukongeza, kubalulekile ukuba abantu abanesifo seswekile ukuba kuvavanyo lwamehlo lonyaka ukuze naluphi na utshintsho lwamehlo lubonwe kwangethuba kwaye lubuyiselwe umva.

Kwimeko yokuphindaphindeka kwesifo seswekile, ugqirha wamehlo unokucebisa ukuba kwenziwe iinkqubo zotyando zokuphelisa iinqanawa ezintsha ezenziwe kwiliso okanye ukuyeka ukopha, umzekelo. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuba umntu alandele izikhokelo ze-endocrinologist yolawulo lweswekile.

5. I-Retinal detachment

I-Retinal detachment, ebonakalayo xa i-retina ingekho kwindawo efanelekileyo, yimeko efuna ukuphathwa ngokukhawuleza ukwenzela ukuba ukulahleka kombono kungenzeki. Le meko inokwenzeka ngenxa yokubethwa ngamandla liliso okanye entloko, okanye ngenxa yezifo okanye iinkqubo zokuvuvukala, kubangela ukuba inxenye yeretina ingonelanga ligazi neoksijini, enokubangela ukusweleka kwethambo le-ocular kwaye, ngenxa yoko, ubumfama.

I-Retinal detachment ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-50 ubudala okanye abaye babethwa ngamandla entloko kwaye banokubonakala ngokubonakala kwamabala amnyama amnyama kwintsimi yombono, ukukhanya kokukhanya okubonakala ngokukhawuleza, ukungahambi kakuhle kwi-blurred umzekelo, iliso nombono.

Ungakuphepha njani: Ukuthintela ukubonwa kweretina, kuyacetyiswa ukuba abantu abangaphezulu kweminyaka engama-50 okanye abo bathe bafumana uhlobo oluthile lwengozi okanye abanesifo seswekile, umzekelo, mabavavanywe rhoqo ngamehlo ukuze ugqirha akhangele ukuba i-retina ikwindawo echanekileyo na.

Ukuba utshintsho kwisimo lubonwa, kufuneka kwenziwe utyando ukusombulula le ngxaki kunye nokuthintela ukungaboni. Utyando lolona hlobo lonyango kunyango lwe-retinal detachment kwaye uhlobo lotyando luxhomekeke kubuzaza bemeko, enokwenziwa nge-laser, i-cryopexy okanye inaliti yomoya okanye igesi elisweni. Yazi isalathiso kuhlobo ngalunye lotyando.