Uvavanyo lwe-RSV (Uphefumlo lweSyncytial Virus)

Umxholo

• Uvavanyo lwe-RSV lusetyenziswa nini?
• Ungazilungiselela njani uvavanyo?
• Lwenziwa njani uvavanyo?
• Buphi ubungozi bokwenza uvavanyo?
• Zithetha ntoni iziphumo?
• Kuthekani ngovavanyo lwe-RSV antibody?
• Kwenzeka ntoni ukuba iziphumo aziqhelekanga?

Luthini uvavanyo lweRSV?

Intsholongwane yokuphefumla yokuvumelanisa (RSV) yintsholongwane kwinkqubo yokuphefumula (i-airways yakho). Ihlala ingabalulekanga, kodwa iimpawu zinokuba nzima ngakumbi kubantwana abancinci, kubantu abadala, nakwabo banamajoni omzimba abuthathaka.

I-RSV ngoyena nobangela wezifo zokuphefumla kwabantu, ngakumbi phakathi kwabantwana abancinci. Usulelo lubi kakhulu kwaye lwenzeka rhoqo kubantwana abancinci. Kwiintsana, i-RSV inokubangela i-bronchiolitis (ukudumba komoya omncinci emiphungeni), inyumoniya (ukudumba kunye nolwelo kwelinye okanye ngaphezulu kwenxalenye yemiphunga yazo), okanye croup (ukudumba emqaleni okukhokelela kubunzima bokuphefumla kunye nokukhohlela. ). Kubantwana abadala, abakwishumi elivisayo, kunye nabantu abadala, usulelo lwe-RSV luhlala lungekho qatha.

Usulelo lwe-RSV lonyaka. Ihlala ivela ekwindla ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo (igcwala kwiinyanga ezibandayo zasebusika). I-RSV ihlala isenzeka njengobhubhane. Oku kuthetha ukuba ichaphazela abantu abaninzi ekuhlaleni ngaxeshanye. Ingxelo yokuba phantse bonke abantwana baya kosulelwa yi-RSV xa begqiba iminyaka emi-2 ubudala, kodwa yincinci kuphela kubo eya kuba neempawu ezibi.

I-RSV ifunyaniswa kusetyenziswa i-swab yempumlo enokuvavanywa ukuba ibonakalise intsholongwane ematheni okanye kolunye ukhuseleko.

Funda ukuze ufunde ngakumbi malunga nokuba kutheni uvavanyo lwe-RSV lunokusetyenziswa, loluphi uvavanyo olukhoyo, kunye nento ekufuneka uyenzile ngokusekelwe kwiziphumo zakho zovavanyo.

Uvavanyo lwe-RSV lusetyenziswa nini?

Iimpawu zosulelo lwe-RSV ziyafana nezinye iintlobo zentsholongwane yokuphefumla. Iimpawu zibandakanya:

• ukukhohlela
• Ukuthimla
• impumlo enemifinya
• umqala obuhkungu
• ukuvutha
• ifiva
• ukunciphisa ukutya

Uvavanyo luhlala lwenziwa kwiintsana ezingaphambi kwexesha okanye abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-2 abanesifo sentliziyo, isifo esinganyangekiyo semiphunga, okanye amajoni omzimba abuthathaka. Ngokweentsana, abantwana kunye nabantwana abanezi meko basemngciphekweni omkhulu wokosuleleka ngokuqatha, kubandakanya inyumoniya kunye nebronchiolitis.

Ungazilungiselela njani uvavanyo?

Akukho lungiselelo lukhethekileyo luyafuneka kolu vavanyo. Kukukrwitshwa okukhawulezileyo, ukutsala, okanye ukuhlanjwa kweendlela zakho zempumlo ukuqokelela imfihlo eyaneleyo, okanye ulwelo empumlweni nasemqaleni, ukuvavanya intsholongwane.

Qiniseka ukuba uxelela ugqirha wakho malunga nalo naliphi na iyeza, amayeza okanye ngenye indlela, okwangoku uyithatha. Zingazichaphazela iziphumo zolu vavanyo.

Lwenziwa njani uvavanyo?

Uvavanyo lwe-RSV lunokwenziwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Zonke ziyakhawuleza, azinazintlungu, kwaye ziqwalaselwe ekuchongeni ubukho bentsholongwane:

• Impumlo yeempumlo. Ugqirha wakho usebenzisa isixhobo sokutsala ukuze athabathe isampulu yamanzi akho empumlo ukuvavanya ubukho bentsholongwane.
• Ukuhlamba impumlo. Ugqirha wakho ugcwalisa isixhobo esingenabungozi, esityibilikisiweyo esimilise nge-saline solution, ufaka incam yebhalbhu empumlweni yakho, ucofe isisombululo kancinane empumlweni yakho, emva koko uyeke ukucofa ukufunxa isampulu yeemfihlo zakho kwibhalbhu kuvavanyo.
• I-Nasopharyngeal (NP) swab. Ugqirha wakho ufaka kancinci i-swab encinci emakhaleni akho de ifike emva kwempumlo. Baza kuyishukumisa ngobunono ukuqokelela isampulu yemfihlo yakho yempumlo, emva koko uyisuse kancinci kancinci kwiimpumlo zakho.

Buphi ubungozi bokwenza uvavanyo?

Akukho phantse iingozi ezinxulumene nolu vavanyo.Unokuziva ungonwabi kancinci okanye ubenochuku xa kufakwa i-swab yempumlo ngaphakathi kwempumlo yakho. Impumlo yakho inokuphuma igazi okanye izicwili zinokucaphuka.

Zithetha ntoni iziphumo?

Isiphumo esiqhelekileyo, okanye esibi, kuvavanyo lweempumlo kuthetha ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuba akukho sulelo lwe-RSV.

Kwiimeko ezininzi, iziphumo ezilungileyo zithetha ukuba unosulelo lwe-RSV. Ugqirha wakho uya kukuxelela ukuba amanyathelo akho alandelayo afanele ukuba athini.

Kuthekani ngovavanyo lwe-RSV antibody?

Uvavanyo lwegazi olubizwa ngokuba luvavanyo lwe-RSV antibody lukwakhona, kodwa kunqabile ukuba kusetyenziswe ukufumanisa usulelo lwe-RSV. Akulunganga ukufumanisa ubukho bentsholongwane kuba iziphumo zihlala zingachanekanga xa zisetyenziswa nabantwana abancinci. Iziphumo zithatha ixesha elide ukuba zifumaneke kwaye azisoloko zichanekile ngenxa yayo. I-swab yempumlo ikhululekile ngakumbi kuvavanyo lwegazi, ngakumbi kwiintsana nakubantwana abancinci, kwaye inobungozi obuncinci kakhulu.

Ukuba ugqirha wakho ucebisa uvavanyo lwe-RSV antibody, ihlala yenziwa ngumongikazi kwi-ofisi kagqirha wakho okanye esibhedlele. Igazi litsalwe emthanjeni, ihlala ingaphakathi kwengqiniba yakho. Ukutsalwa kwegazi kubandakanya la manyathelo alandelayo:

1. Indawo yokuhlanjwa icocwa nge-antiseptic.
2. Ugqirha wakho okanye umongikazi urhangqa ibhanti yelastic ejikeleze ingalo yakho ephezulu ukuze umthambo wakho udumbe ligazi.
3. Inaliti ifakwe ngobunono emthanjeni wakho ukuqokelela igazi kwibhotile okanye ityhubhu eqhotyoshelweyo.
4. Ibhanti e-elastic isuswe engalweni yakho.
5. Isampulu yegazi ithunyelwa elabhoratri ukuze ihlolwe.

Ukuba uthatha uvavanyo lwe-RSV antibody, kukho umngcipheko omncinci wokopha, ukugruzuka, okanye usulelo kwindawo yokubhoboza, njengalo naluphi na uvavanyo lwegazi. Unokuziva iintlungu eziphakathi okanye inxeba elibukhali xa inaliti ifakiwe. Unokuziva udizzy okanye unentloko elula emva kokutsalwa kwegazi.

Iziphumo eziqhelekileyo, okanye ezingalunganga, zovavanyo lwegazi zinokuthetha ukuba akukho zintsholongwane ze-RSV egazini lakho. Oku kunokuthetha ukuba awuzange wosulelwe yi-RSV. Ezi ziphumo azihlali zichanekile, ngakumbi kwiintsana, nokuba zinezifo ezosulelayo. Kungenxa yokuba izilwa-buhlungu zomntwana zisenokungafunyanwa ngenxa yokuba zigutyungelwe ziintsholongwane zikamama (zikwabizwa) eziseleyo kwigazi lazo emva kokuzalwa.

Isiphumo sovavanyo oluqinisekileyo kuvavanyo lwegazi lomntwana lusenokubonisa ukuba usana luye lwasulelwa yi-RSV (kutsha nje okanye ngaphambili), okanye umama wabo udlulise ii-antibodies ze-RSV kubo esibelekweni (ngaphambi kokuzalwa). Kwakhona, iziphumo zovavanyo lwegazi ze-RSV zisenokungachaneki. Kubantu abadala, iziphumo ezincomekayo zinokuthetha ukuba banosulelo lwe-RSV kutsha nje okanye ngaphambili, kodwa ezi ziphumo azinakubonakalisa ngokuchanekileyo eyona nto ichanekileyo.

Kwenzeka ntoni ukuba iziphumo aziqhelekanga?

Kwiintsana ezineempawu zosulelo lwe-RSV kunye neziphumo zovavanyo ezilungileyo, ukulaliswa esibhedlele kuhlala kungafuneki kuba iimpawu zihlala zisonjululwa ekhaya kwiveki enye okanye ezimbini. Nangona kunjalo, uvavanyo lwe-RSV luhlala lusenziwa kwizigulana ezigulayo okanye ezinobungozi obuphezulu ekunokwenzeka ukuba zifuna ukulaliswa esibhedlele kukhathalelo oluxhasayo kude kube kuphuculwe usulelo lwabo. Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba unike umntwana wakho i-acetaminophen (iTylenol) ukugcina nawuphi na umkhuhlane okhoyo phantsi okanye amathontsi empumlo ukucoca impumlo egudileyo.

Alukho unyango oluthile olukhoyo losulelo lwe-RSV kwaye, okwangoku, akukho gonyo lwe-RSV luphuhlisiweyo. Ukuba unesifo esibi se-RSV, unokufuna ukuhlala esibhedlele de kube unyango luphathwe ngokupheleleyo. Ukuba une-asthma, i-inhaler yokwandisa iisaka zomoya kwimiphunga yakho (eyaziwa ngokuba yi-bronchodilator) inokukunceda uphefumle ngokulula. Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba usebenzise i-ribavirin (iVirazole), iyeza onokuliphefumla, ukuba amajoni akho omzimba abuthathaka. Iyeza elibizwa ngokuba yi-palivizimab (Synagis) linikwa abantwana abasemngciphekweni ongaphantsi kweminyaka emi-2 ubudala ukunceda ukuthintela usulelo olubi lwe-RSV.

Usulelo lwe-RSV alufane lube lubi kwaye lunokunyangwa ngempumelelo ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo.