Iimpawu ezili-12 ezinokubonisa umhlaza

Umxholo

• 1. Ukwehla kobunzima ngaphandle kokutya okanye ukwenza umthambo
• 2. Ukudinwa kakhulu ukwenza imisebenzi emincinci
• 3. Intlungu engapheliyo
• 4. Fever eza idlule, ngaphandle kokuthatha iyeza
• 5. Utshintsho kwisitulo
• 6. Ubuhlungu xa uchama okanye umchamo omnyama
• 7. Kuthatha ixesha ukupholisa amanxeba
• 8. Ukopha
• 9. Amabala esikhumba
• 10. Amaqhuma nokudumba kwamanzi
• 11. Ukukhahlela rhoqo
• 12. Ukudumba nokukhohlela ngaphezu kweeveki ezintathu
• Kufuneka wenze ntoni xa ukrokrela umhlaza
• Kutheni uhlawula ingqalelo kwiimpawu zomhlaza?
• Uvela njani umhlaza
• Unyango lwenziwa njani
• Ugqirha
• Unyango ngemitha
• Unyango ngamayeza
• Unyango lwe-Immunotherapy
• Unyango lweHormone
• Ukutsalwa komongo wethambo
• Iphosphoethanolamine

Umhlaza nakweliphi na ilungu lomzimba kunokubangela iimpawu zohlobo oluthile ezifana nelahleko engaphezulu kwe-6 kg ngaphandle kokutya, uhlala udiniwe kakhulu okanye uneentlungu ezingapheliyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukufika kuvavanyo oluchanekileyo kunyanzelekile ukuba wenze uthotho lweemvavanyo ukukhupha ezinye iingcinga.

Ngokwesiqhelo umhlaza ufunyaniswa xa umntu eneempawu ezithile, ezinokubonakala ubusuku bonke, ngaphandle kwengcaciso okanye njengesiphumo sesifo esinganyangwa kakuhle. Inokwenzeka njani xa isilonda esiswini siqhubela phambili kumhlaza wesisu, umzekelo. Jonga ukuba zeziphi iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zomhlaza wesisu.

Ke ngoko, kwimeko yokusola, kuya kufuneka ugqirha wenze lonke uvavanyo olufanelekileyo, kuba ukuxilonga umhlaza kwinqanaba lokuqala kwandisa amathuba onyango.

1. Ukwehla kobunzima ngaphandle kokutya okanye ukwenza umthambo

Ukwehla ngokukhawuleza kobunzima ukuya kuthi ga kwi-10% yesisindo sokuqala kwinyanga e-1, ngaphandle kokutya okanye ukwenza umthambo kakhulu luphawu oluqhelekileyo kubantu abaphuhlisa umhlaza, ngakumbi umhlaza wepancreas, isisu okanye umqala, kodwa onokubonakala nakwezinye iintlobo. Zazi ezinye izifo ezinokubangela ukunciphisa umzimba.

2. Ukudinwa kakhulu ukwenza imisebenzi emincinci

Kuqhelekile kubantu abaphuhlisa umhlaza ukuba babe ne-anemia okanye baphulukane negazi kwizitulo zabo, umzekelo, ekhokelela ekwehleni kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi kunye nokwehliswa kweoksijini egazini, kubangele ukudinwa kakhulu nokuba besenza imisebenzi emincinci, njengokukhwela amanyathelo okanye ukuzama ukondlula umandlalo, umzekelo.

Oku kudinwa kunokubakho nakumhlaza wamaphaphu, kuba ithumba linokuthatha iiseli ezininzi ezisempilweni kunye nokunciphisa umsebenzi wokuphefumla, okukhokelela ekudinweni okuya kusiba mandundu. Ukongeza, abantu abaneemeko eziphambili zomhlaza banokufumana ukukhathala kwakusasa emva kokuvuka, nokuba bebelele ubusuku bonke.

3. Intlungu engapheliyo

Intlungu ebekwe kwindawo ethile ixhaphake kwiindidi ezithile zomhlaza, ezinje ngomhlaza wobuchopho, ithambo, isibeleko, ityhalarha okanye amathumbu. Kwiimeko ezininzi, le ntlungu ayiphumli ekuphumleni kwaye ayibangelwa kukuzilolonga kakhulu okanye ezinye izifo, ezinjengesifo samathambo okanye ukonakala kwemisipha. Yintlungu eqhubekekayo engaphelisiyo nakwezinye izinto ezinje ngokubanda okanye ukushushubeza, kuphela ngeentlungu zentlungu.

4. Fever eza idlule, ngaphandle kokuthatha iyeza

Umkhuhlane ongaqhelekanga unokuba luphawu lomhlaza, njengeleukemia okanye i-lymphoma, evela ngenxa yokuba amajoni omzimba ebuthathaka. Ngokubanzi, umkhuhlane ubonakala iintsuku ezimbalwa kwaye unyamalale ngaphandle kokufuna ukuthatha amayeza, ukuvela kwakhona ungazinzanga kwaye ngaphandle kokudityaniswa nezinye iimpawu ezinjengomkhuhlane.

5. Utshintsho kwisitulo

Ukuba nokwahluka kwamathumbu emathunjini, njengezitokisi ezinzima kakhulu okanye urhudo ngaphezulu kweeveki ezi-6, kunokuba luphawu lomhlaza. Ukongeza, kwezinye iimeko kunokubakho utshintsho olukhulu kwipatheni yamathumbu, njengokufumana isitulo esinzima kangangeentsuku ezithile kwaye, kwezinye iintsuku, urhudo, ukongeza kwisisu esidumbileyo, igazi kwizitulo, isicaphucaphu kunye nokugabha.

Lo mahluko kwipateni yesitulo kufuneka uqhubeke kwaye ungahambelani nokutya kunye nezinye izifo zamathumbu, ezinje ngamathumbu anokucaphuka.

6. Ubuhlungu xa uchama okanye umchamo omnyama

Izigulana ezinomhlaza zinokufumana iintlungu xa zichama, umchamo unegazi kunye nomnqweno wokuchama rhoqo, ezo ziimpawu eziqhelekileyo zesinyi okanye umhlaza wedlala lobudoda. Nangona kunjalo, olu phawu luqhelekile kukosuleleka kumchamo kwaye ke ngoko kufuneka kwenziwe uvavanyo lomchamo ukukhupha le hypothesis.

7. Kuthatha ixesha ukupholisa amanxeba

Ukubonakala kwamanxeba kuwo nawuphi na ummandla womzimba, njengomlomo, ulusu okanye ubufazi, umzekelo, othatha ngaphezulu kwenyanga enye ukuphola, kunokubonisa umhlaza kwinqanaba lokuqala, njengoko amajoni omzimba ebuthathaka kwaye kukho ukunciphisa iiplatelet ezijongene nokunceda ukuphilisa ukulimala. Nangona kunjalo, ukulibaziseka kokuphilisa kukwenzeka nakwabanesifo seswekile, esinokuba luphawu lwesifo seswekile esingalawulwayo.

8. Ukopha

Ukopha kungangumqondiso womhlaza, onokuthi wenzeke kwinqanaba lokuqala okanye elingaphezulu, kwaye igazi linokuvela kwisikhohlela, isitulo, umchamo okanye ingono, umzekelo, kuxhomekeke kwingingqi yomzimba ochaphazelekayo.

Ukopha kwilungu lobufazi ngaphandle kokuya exesheni, ukuphuma okumnyama, ukuhlala unqwenela ukuchama kunye neempawu zokuya exesheni kunokubonisa umhlaza wesibeleko. Jonga ukuba yeyiphi imiqondiso kunye neempawu ezinokubonisa umhlaza wesibeleko.

9. Amabala esikhumba

Umhlaza unokubangela utshintsho kulusu, njengamabala amnyama, ulusu olutyheli, amabala abomvu okanye mfusa kunye namachaphaza kunye nolusu olurhabaxa olubangela ukurhawuzelela.

Ukongeza, utshintsho kumbala, ukumila kunye nobungakanani bentsumpa, uphawu, ibala okanye ibala lesikhumba elinokubonakala, elinokubonisa umhlaza wolusu okanye olunye uhlobo lomhlaza.

10. Amaqhuma nokudumba kwamanzi

Ukubonakala kwamaqhuma okanye amaqhuma kunokuvela kuwo nawuphi na ummandla womzimba, ofana nebele okanye amasende. Ukongeza, kunokubakho ukudumba kwesisu, ngenxa yokwandiswa kwesibindi, udakada kunye ne-thymus kunye nokudumba kweelwimi ezikumakhwapheni, emiphakathini nasentanyeni, umzekelo. Olu phawu lunokubakho kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zomhlaza.

11. Ukukhahlela rhoqo

Kwizigulana ezinomhlaza, ubunzima bokuginya bunokuvela, bubangele ukukhohlela kunye nokukhohlela okungapheliyo, ngakumbi xa isigulana sikhula umhlaza wesisu, isisu okanye ipharynx, umzekelo.

Ulwimi oludumbileyo entanyeni naselulwimini, isisu esandisiweyo, ukubola, ukubila, amabala amfusa kulusu kunye neentlungu emathanjeni kunokubonisa iLeukemia.

12. Ukudumba nokukhohlela ngaphezu kweeveki ezintathu

Ukuba nokukhohlela okungapheliyo, ukuphefumla kancinci kunye nelizwi elirhabaxa kunokuba ngumqondiso wemiphunga, ingqula okanye umhlaza wedlala lengqula, umzekelo. Ukukhohlela okungapheliyo okomileyo, okuhamba neentlungu zomqolo, ukuphefumla kancinci kunye nokudinwa kakhulu kunokubonisa umhlaza wemiphunga.

Ezinye iimpawu ezinokubonisa umhlaza kwabasetyhini lutshintsho kubungakanani besifuba, ukuba bomvu, ukwakheka koqweqwe okanye izilonda kulusu kufutshane nengono kunye nokuvuza okuphuma kwingono, okunokubonisa umhlaza webele.

Ukubakho kwezi mpawu akusoloko kubonisa ukuba kukho ithumba, nangona kunjalo, banokucebisa ngobukho botshintsho kwaye, ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukuba uye kugqirha ngokukhawuleza ukuvavanya imeko yezempilo, ngakumbi abantu abane Imbali yomhlaza kusapho.

Kufuneka wenze ntoni xa ukrokrela umhlaza

Kwimeko yomhlaza okrokrelwayo, kuya kufuneka ugqirha uye kwenza uvavanyo lwegazi olufana ne-PSA, i-CEA okanye i-CA 125, umzekelo, kwaye amaxabiso ahlala enyuka.

Ukongeza, ugqirha usenokubonisa i-ultrasound okanye i-MRI scan ukujonga ilungu kwaye aqinisekise ukukrokrelwa ngumhlaza, kwaye kwezinye iimeko, kunokuba yimfuneko ukwenza olunye uvavanyo lokucinga okanye i-biopsy. Jonga ukuba zeziphi iimvavanyo zegazi ezifumanisa umhlaza.

Emva kokwazi ukuba luhlobo luni lomhlaza umntu analo, ugqirha ukwabonisa onke amathuba onyango kunye nenqanaba lokunyanga.

Uvavanyo lwegazi

Kutheni uhlawula ingqalelo kwiimpawu zomhlaza?

Kubalulekile ukuba uyazi imiqondiso yomhlaza, ujike uye kwagqirha kamsinya nje emva kokuba uziva naziphi na iimpawu, njengoko unyango lusebenza ngakumbi xa umhlaza ufunyaniswe kwangethuba, unamathuba amancinci okusasazeka komnye Imimandla yomzimba, ngaloo ndlela kukho amathuba amakhulu onyango.

Ngale ndlela, akukho zimpawu okanye zimpawu zimele ukungahoywa, ngakumbi ukuba ibikhona ngaphezulu kwenyanga enye.

Uvela njani umhlaza

Umhlaza unokuvela nakowuphi na umntu, nakweliphi na inqanaba lobomi kwaye ubonakaliswa kukungakhuli kakuhle kwezinye iiseli, ezinokuthi zithintele ukusebenza kwelinye ilungu. Oku kukhula kungaphazamiseki kunokwenzeka ngokukhawuleza kwaye iimpawu zivela kwiiveki ezimbalwa, okanye zinokwenzeka kancinci, kwaye emva kweminyaka emininzi iimpawu zokuqala ziyavela.

Umhlaza unokunxulunyaniswa neengxaki ezinje ngokunyuka kwesifo esithile, kodwa zikho nezinye izinto ezinxulumene nokutshaya, ukutya ukutya okunamafutha amaninzi kunye nokuvezwa kwinyithi enzima.

Unyango lwenziwa njani

Emva kokuxilongwa komhlaza, ugqirha kufuneka abonise inqanaba lethumba kwaye zeziphi iindlela zokhetho kuba zinokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kubudala bomntu, uhlobo lwethumba kunye nenqanaba. Izinketho zibandakanya:

Ugqirha

Ukususa lonke eli thumba, inxenye yalo okanye ezinye izicwili ezinokuchaphazeleka kuyo. Olu hlobo lonyango lomhlaza lubonakalisiwe kwizilonda ezifana nomhlaza wekolon, umhlaza webele kunye nomhlaza wedlala lendlala, njengoko kulula ukuwasebenzisa.

Unyango ngemitha

Iqukethe ukubonakaliswa kwimitha ye-ionizing enokunciphisa ubungakanani be-tumor, kwaye ingabonakaliswa ngaphambi okanye emva kokuhlinzwa.

Isigulana asiva kwanto ngexesha lonyango, kodwa emva kweseshoni ye-radiotherapy unokufumana iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezifana nesicaphucaphu, ukugabha, urhudo, isikhumba esibomvu okanye esibuthathaka, esihlala nje iintsuku ezimbalwa. Ukuphumla kubalulekile ekubuyiseni kwesigulana emva kweseshoni ye-radiotherapy.

Unyango ngamayeza

Luphawu ngokuthatha i-cocktail yeziyobisi, ngohlobo lweepilisi okanye inaliti, ezilawulwa esibhedlele okanye kwiziko lonyango.

I-Chemotherapy inokubandakanya ichiza elinye kuphela okanye inokudityaniswa kwamachiza kwaye inokuthathwa kwiipilisi okanye inaliti. Iziphumo zechemotherapy ziliqela njenge-anemia, ukulahleka kweenwele, isicaphucaphu, ukugabha, urhudo, izilonda emlonyeni okanye utshintsho kutshintsho. I-chemotherapy yexesha elide inokubangela i-leukemia, umhlaza wegazi, nangona kunqabile. Bona ngakumbi malunga nento onokuyenza ukunciphisa iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zekhemotherapy.

Unyango lwe-Immunotherapy

La ngamachiza enza ukuba umzimba ngokwawo ukwazi ukuqaphela iiseli zomhlaza, ukulwa nazo ngokukuko.Uninzi lonyango olunonyango lwe-immunotherapy lutofa kwaye lusebenza kuwo wonke umzimba, olunokubangela iimpawu zokungalungelani okunje ngokurhabaxa okanye ukurhawuzelela, umkhuhlane, intloko ebuhlungu, iintlungu zemisipha okanye isicaphucaphu.

Unyango lweHormone

Zizipilisi ezisebenza ukulwa iihomoni ezinokuthi zihambelane nokukhula kwethumba. Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango lwehomoni zixhomekeke kunyango olusetyenzisiweyo okanye kuqhaqho, kodwa inokubandakanya ukungabinamandla, utshintsho lokuya exesheni, ukungachumi, ukuthamba kwebele, isicaphucaphu, intloko ebuhlungu okanye ukugabha.

Ukutsalwa komongo wethambo

Ingasetyenziselwa imeko yomhlaza kwiiseli zegazi, ezinje ngeleukemia, kwaye ijolise endaweni yomongo wethambo onesifo kunye neeseli zomongo wethambo oqhelekileyo. Phambi kofakelo, umntu ufumana unyango ngeedosi eziphezulu ze-chemotherapy okanye i-radiation ukutshabalalisa umhlaza okanye iiseli eziqhelekileyo zomongo wethambo, emva koko afumane ukufakelwa komongo wempilo ophilileyo komnye umntu ofanelekileyo. Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zokufakelwa komongo wethambo kunokuba zizifo, i-anemia, okanye ukwaliwa komongo wethambo osempilweni.

Iphosphoethanolamine

I-Phosphoethanolamine yinto ephantsi kovavanyo, ebonakala ngathi iyasebenza ekulweni umhlaza, inyusa amathuba ayo onyango. Le nto iyakwazi ukuchonga kunye nokuphelisa iiseli zomhlaza, kodwa ke kufuneka kuqhubeke izifundo ezizezinye ukungqina ukusebenza kwazo.

Olu nyango kufuneka lukhokelwe yi-oncologist kwaye lunokusetyenziswa lodwa okanye ludityaniswe kunye nomnye ukunciphisa umngcipheko we-metastasis, eyenzeka xa ithumba lisasazeka kweminye imimandla yomzimba kunye nokunyusa amathuba onyango.