Sichongwa Njani Isifo sentliziyo?

Umxholo

• Iimpawu zesifo sentliziyo
• Uvavanyo lomzimba kunye novavanyo lwegazi
• Uvavanyo olungafunekiyo lwesifo sentliziyo
• Electrocardiogram
• Echocardiogram
• Uvavanyo loxinzelelo
• Icarotid ultrasound
• Ukubeka iliso kwiHolter
• I-X-ray yesifuba
• Ukuvavanywa kwetafile
• Ukuskena i-CT
• I-MRI yentliziyo
• Uvavanyo olungenasifo lokufumanisa isifo sentliziyo
• I-Coronary angiography kunye ne-catheterization yentliziyo
• Isifundo se-Electrophysiology
• Uza kubona nini ugqirha wakho

Ukuvavanyelwa isifo sentliziyo

Isifo sentliziyo nayiphi na imeko echaphazela intliziyo yakho, enjenge-coronary artery disease kunye ne-arrhythmia. Ngokuka, isifo sentliziyo sinoxanduva lokufa umntu omnye kwabane eUnited States nyaka ngamnye. Ngoyena nobangela wokufa kumadoda nabafazi.

Ukuchonga isifo sentliziyo, ugqirha wakho uya kwenza uthotho lweemvavanyo kunye novavanyo. Banokusebenzisa ezinye zezo mvavanyo ukukujonga kwisifo sentliziyo ngaphambi kokuba ube neempawu ezibonakalayo.

Iimpawu zesifo sentliziyo

Iimpawu zengxaki yentliziyo zingabandakanya:

• isiqaqa
• ukubetha kwentliziyo kancinci okanye okukhawulezayo
• ukuqina kwesifuba
• iintlungu zesifuba
• ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
• ukudumba ngesiquphe kwimilenze, iinyawo, amaqatha okanye isisu

Ukuba unayo nayiphi na le mpawu, kuya kufuneka ucwangcise idinga nogqirha wakho. Ukuxilongwa kwangoko kunye nonyango kunokunceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko weengxaki, njengokuhlaselwa kwentliziyo okanye ukubetha.

Uvavanyo lomzimba kunye novavanyo lwegazi

Ngexesha lokuqeshwa kwakho, ugqirha wakho uya kukubuza malunga neempawu zakho kunye nembali yonyango yosapho lwakho. Baza kujonga ukubetha kwentliziyo yakho kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi.

Ugqirha wakho unokuyalela uvavanyo lwegazi. Umzekelo, iimvavanyo ze-cholesterol zilinganisa amanqanaba amafutha kunye ne-cholesterol ekuhambeni kwegazi lakho. Ugqirha wakho unokusebenzisa olu vavanyo ukukunceda umngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo kunye nokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo.

Uvavanyo olupheleleyo lwe-cholesterol lujonga iintlobo ezine zamafutha egazini lakho:

• I-cholesterol iyonke sisixa sayo yonke icholesterol esegazini lakho.
• Ubuninzi be-lipoprotein (LDL) ye-cholesterol maxa wambi ibizwa ngokuba yi “cholesterol” embi. Uninzi lwazo lubangela ukuba amanqatha akhe kwimithambo yakho, enciphisa ukuphuma kwegazi. Oku kunokukhokelela kwisifo sentliziyo okanye ukubetha.
• Ubuninzi be-lipoprotein (HDL) ye-cholesterol maxa wambi ibizwa ngokuba yi “cholesterol elungileyo”. Kuyanceda ukuthwala i-cholesterol ye-LDL kunye nokucoca imithambo yakho.
• I-Triglycerides luhlobo lwamafutha egazini lakho. Amanqanaba aphezulu e-triglycerides ahlala enxulunyaniswa neswekile, ukutshaya, kunye nokusela kakhulu utywala.

Ugqirha wakho unokuyalela uvavanyo lwe-C-esebenzayo (CRP) ukujonga umzimba wakho ukuba uneempawu zokukrala. Banokusebenzisa iziphumo zeCRP kunye novavanyo lwe-cholesterol ukuvavanya umngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo.

Uvavanyo olungafunekiyo lwesifo sentliziyo

Emva kokugqiba uviwo lomzimba kunye novavanyo lwegazi, ugqirha wakho unoku-odola iimvavanyo ezongezelelweyo ezingezizo. Ukungabinakho kuthetha ukuba uvavanyo alubandakanyi izixhobo ezophula ulusu okanye zingene emzimbeni. Zininzi iimvavanyo ezingafunekiyo ezikhoyo ukunceda ugqirha wakho ukuba ajonge isifo sentliziyo.

Electrocardiogram

I-electrocardiogram (EKG) luvavanyo olufutshane olujonga umsebenzi wombane entliziyweni yakho. Urekhoda lo msebenzi kwisiqwengana sephepha. Ugqirha wakho unokusebenzisa olu vavanyo ukukhangela ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga okanye ukulimala kwentliziyo.

Echocardiogram

I-echocardiogram yi-ultrasound yentliziyo yakho. Isebenzisa amaza esandi ukwenza umfanekiso wentliziyo yakho. Ugqirha wakho unokuyisebenzisa kuvavanyo lweentliziyo zakho kunye nezihlunu zentliziyo.

Uvavanyo loxinzelelo

Ukuchonga iingxaki zentliziyo, ugqirha wakho unokufuna ukukuvavanya ngelixa usenza umsebenzi onzima. Ngexesha lovavanyo loxinzelelo, banokukucela ukuba ukhwele ibhayisekile emileyo okanye uhambe okanye ubaleke kwitrama yokunyathela imizuzu eliqela. Baza kujonga indlela umzimba wakho ophendula ngayo xa uxinezeleko lonyuka.

Icarotid ultrasound

Iscreen se-carotid duplex sisebenzisa amaza esandi ukwenza imifanekiso yemithambo yakho ye-carotid kumacala omabini entamo yakho. Ivumela ugqirha wakho ukuba akhangele i-plaque eyakhiweyo kwimithambo yakho kwaye avavanye umngcipheko wokubetha.

Ukubeka iliso kwiHolter

Ukuba ugqirha wakho kufuneka abeke esweni intliziyo yakho kwisithuba seeyure ezingama-24 ukuya kweziyi-48, baya kukucela ukuba unxibe isixhobo esibizwa ngokuba liliso likaHolter. Lo matshini mncinci usebenza njenge-EKG eqhubekayo. Ugqirha wakho angayisebenzisa ukukhangela ukungaqheleki kwentliziyo okunokungafunyanwa kwi-EKG yesiqhelo, enje nge-arrhythmias, okanye ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga.

I-X-ray yesifuba

I-X-ray yesifuba isebenzisa inani elincinci lemitha ukwenza imifanekiso yesifuba sakho, kubandakanya nentliziyo yakho. Inokukunceda ugqirha wakho abone unobangela wokuphefumla kancinci okanye iintlungu zesifuba.

Ukuvavanywa kwetafile

Ugqirha wakho angenza uvavanyo lwetheyibhile xa uqulekile. Bayakukucela ukuba ulale etafileni ehamba ukusuka kwindawo ethe tye ukuya kwindawo ethe nkqo. Njengoko itafile ihamba, baya kujonga ukubetha kwentliziyo yakho, uxinzelelo lwegazi, kunye nenqanaba leoksijini. Iziphumo zinokunceda ugqirha wakho abone ukuba ngaba ukuphelelwa ngamandla kwakho kubangelwe sisifo sentliziyo okanye enye imeko.

Ukuskena i-CT

Iskena se-CT sisebenzisa imifanekiso emininzi yeX-reyi ukwenza umfanekiso onqamlezayo wentliziyo yakho. Ugqirha wakho unokusebenzisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-CT scan ukufumanisa isifo sentliziyo. Umzekelo, banokusebenzisa amanqaku e-calcium ekuvavanyweni kwentliziyo ukukhangela iidipozithi zecalcium kwimithambo yegazi yakho. Okanye banokusebenzisa i-coronary CT angiography ukukhangela i-fat okanye i-calcium deposits kwimithambo yakho.

I-MRI yentliziyo

Kwi-MRI, iimagnethi ezinkulu kunye namaza erediyo zenza imifanekiso engaphakathi komzimba wakho. Ngexesha le-MRI yentliziyo, ingcali yenza imifanekiso yemithambo yegazi kunye nentliziyo yakho ngelixa ibetha. Emva kovavanyo, ugqirha wakho unokusebenzisa imifanekiso ukufumanisa iimeko ezininzi, ezinje ngezifo zentliziyo yemisipha kunye nesifo semithambo.

Uvavanyo olungenasifo lokufumanisa isifo sentliziyo

Ngamanye amaxesha iimvavanyo ezingabonakaliyo aziboneleli ngokwaneleyo. Ugqirha wakho unokufuna ukusebenzisa inkqubo engenayo ukufumanisa isifo sentliziyo. Iinkqubo ezingenayo zibandakanya izixhobo ezingena emzimbeni, njengenaliti, ityhubhu, okanye umda.

I-Coronary angiography kunye ne-catheterization yentliziyo

Ngexesha le-catheterization yentliziyo, ugqirha wakho ufaka ityhubhu ende eguquguqukayo ngesitya segazi kwindawo yakho yokuthambisa okanye elinye ilungu lomzimba wakho. Emva koko bahambisa le bhubhu entliziyweni yakho. Ugqirha wakho angayisebenzisa ukwenza iimvavanyo ukujonga iingxaki zeemithambo yegazi kunye nokungaqheleki kwentliziyo.

Umzekelo, ugqirha wakho unokugqiba i-coronary angiography kunye ne-catheterization. Bayakufaka idayi ekhethekileyo kwimithambo yegazi yentliziyo yakho. Emva koko baya kusebenzisa i-X-ray ukujonga kwimithambo yegazi yakho. Banokusebenzisa olu vavanyo ukukhangela imithambo emxinwa okanye evaliweyo.

Isifundo se-Electrophysiology

Ukuba uneentliziyo ezingaqhelekanga, ugqirha unokuqhuba isifundo se-electrophysiology ukufumanisa unobangela kunye nesicwangciso sonyango esifanelekileyo. Ngethuba lovavanyo, ugqirha wakho wondla i-catheter ye-electrode ngokusebenzisa isitya sakho segazi entliziyweni yakho. Basebenzisa le electrode ukuthumela imiqondiso yombane entliziyweni yakho kunye nokwenza imephu yomsebenzi wayo wombane.

Ugqirha wakho unokuzama ukubuyisela isingqi sentliziyo yakho ngokumisela amayeza okanye ezinye iindlela zonyango.

Uza kubona nini ugqirha wakho

Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba unesifo sentliziyo, yenza idinga nogqirha wakho. Izinto ezikubeka emngciphekweni omkhulu wesifo sentliziyo zibandakanya:

• Imbali yosapho yesifo sentliziyo
• imbali yokutshaya
• ukutyeba kakhulu
• ukutya okungafanelekanga
• ubudala

Ugqirha wakho angenza uvavanyo lomzimba, ayalele uvavanyo lwegazi, okanye asebenzise ezinye iimvavanyo ukujonga iingxaki ngentliziyo yakho okanye ngemithambo yegazi. Olu vavanyo lunokubanceda ukuba bafumane isifo sentliziyo kwaye baphuhlise isicwangciso sonyango.

Iingxaki zesifo sentliziyo zibandakanya ukuhlasela kwentliziyo kunye nokubetha. Unokuwunciphisa umngcipheko weengxaki xa kufunyaniswa isifo kwangoko kunyango. Thetha nogqirha wakho ukuba unengxaki. Bayakukufundisa indlela yokuchonga iimpawu zesifo sentliziyo kunye nokugcina intliziyo esempilweni.