Unyango lomhlaza wamabele wenziwa njani

Umxholo

• 1. Unyango lwehomoni
• 2. Utyando
• 3. Unyango ngamayeza
• 4. Unyango ngemitha
• 5. Unyango lomzimba
• Unyango lomhlaza wamabele wamadoda
• Unyango xa ukhulelwe
• Ukhetho lwendalo kunyango lomhlaza webele

Unyango lomhlaza webele luyahluka ngokwenqanaba lokuphuhliswa kwethumba, kwaye lunokwenziwa nge-chemotherapy, unyango ngemitha okanye ngoqhaqho. Ezinye izinto ezinokuba nefuthe kukhetho lonyango ziimpawu zethumba kunye neempawu zowasetyhini, ezinje ngobudala, ubukho bezifo ezinxulumene noko okanye hayi kunye nenyaniso yokuba sele eyekile ukuya exesheni.

Olu nyango lubonakaliswa ikakhulu ngamathumba amabi, kwaye kwimeko yomhlaza webele onobungozi kuhlala kufuneka kuphela ukugcina ukubeka iliso rhoqo kwi-nodule, ngaphandle kwesidingo salo naluphi na uhlobo lonyango. Kwimeko yomhlaza webele we-metastatic, apho ithumba liphuhliswe kakhulu, kunokuba yimfuneko ukusebenzisa indibaniselwano yalo lonke unyango ukuzama ukulwa nazo zonke iiseli zomhlaza kunye nokwandisa amathuba onyango.

Unyango lomhlaza wamabele lunokwenziwa nge-SUS simahla kwiiYunithi zoNcedo eziPhakamileyo zoPhezulu kwiOncology, eyaziwa njenge-UNACON kunye nakumaZiko aPhezulu oNcedo oluNtsonkothileyo kwiOncology, ekwabizwa ngokuba yiCACON. Ukuze uqale unyango lomhlaza kubalulekile ukuba unxibelelane ne-INCA kwaye ulandele zonke izikhombisi ezicetyiswayo zokwenza ukuba unyango lusondele ekhaya.

Ezona ndlela ziphambili zonyango ezinokubonakaliswa yi-oncologist kunye ne-mastologist zezi:

1. Unyango lwehomoni

Unyango lwehormone lujolise ekwehliseni inani lamahomoni ababhinqileyo ajikeleza egazini, kuthintela ukwanda kweeseli zomhlaza. Olu hlobo lonyango luyacetyiswa kwimeko yomhlaza wamabele wohlobo "lwe-hormone receptor elungileyo", Oko kukuthi, abo baxhamla kunyango ngamachiza ehomoni, kuba iiseli zethumba zinee-receptors.

Ugqirha unokucebisa ukuba kusetyenziswe iTamoxifen okanye iFulvestranto, ekufuneka isetyenziswe kangangeminyaka emi-5, nokuba lo mfazi akabonakalisi zimpawu zomhlaza. Ukongeza, i-tamoxifen inokuboniswa ngaphambi okanye emva kotyando ukususa ithumba.

2. Utyando

Utyando lubonakalisiwe kulo naluphi na uhlobo lwethumba lebele, nokuba lungakanani na, njengoko lisusa iiseli zomhlaza ezininzi, lonyusa amathuba onyango kunye nokwenza lula lonke unyango. Uhlobo lotyando luyahluka ngokobukhulu bethumba, kunye ne-radical mastectomy, apho isifuba sisuswe ngokupheleleyo, sisetyenziswa kuphela kwezona meko zinzima xa umhlaza uxhaphake kakhulu. Kwezinye iimeko, zihlala kuphela yinxalenye yesifuba apho kufunyanwa khona ithumba elaziwa njenge-mastectomy ekhethekileyo.

Emva kotyando, ugqirha usenokucebisa iiseshoni zonyango lwe-radiotherapy ukuphelisa iiseli zesisu ekusenokwenzeka ukuba azisuswanga, ngakumbi kwimeko yomhlaza webele ophambili okanye umhlaza webele ophambili.

3. Unyango ngamayeza

Unyango nge-chemotherapy lwenziwa ngokusetyenziswa kwamayeza aliqela aboniswe yi-oncologist kwaye kuqhelekile ukuba iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zivele, ezinje ngesicaphucaphu, ukugabha, intloko ebuhlungu, ukungabinamdla wokutya kunye nokulahleka kweenwele. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukulandela ugqirha wezengqondo ukunceda ukumelana nezi nguqu.

4. Unyango ngemitha

Unyango lomhlaza webele kunye ne-radiotherapy lubonakalisiwe xa ichemotherapy ingonelanga ukuphelisa zonke iiseli zomhlaza. Kolu hlobo lonyango, isigulana sixhomekeke kwimitha ngqo ebeleni nasekhwapheni kwaye ukuqiniswa ngamayeza aqhelekileyo kuqhelekile.

5. Unyango lomzimba

Emva kotyando lokususa ibele, i-physiotherapy kufuneka iqalwe ukulwa nokudumba kwengalo, yonyusa uluhlu lokunyakaza negxalaba, ukuphucula ukuma komzimba, ukulungelelanisa ubuntununtunu kunye nokunciphisa i-spasms kunye nokubambelela kwesikhumba, zinto ezo ezibangelwa lityala elinxulunyaniswa ne-radiotherapy, ethi ichaphazela bonke abantu basetyhini abaphathwa ngale ndlela.

Unyango lomhlaza wamabele wamadoda

Unyango lomhlaza wamabele emadodeni lwenziwa ngeendlela ezifanayo ezisetyenziswa kwabasetyhini, nangona kunjalo, njengoko isifo esiqhele ukwenziwa kwinqanaba lesifo esiqhubele phambili, mancinci amathuba okuba anyangeke kunabafazi abachongwe kwangoko kwesi sifo.

Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukuba amadoda azazi iimpawu zomhlaza wamabele, ezinjengentlungu yesifuba okanye ulwelo oluphuma kwingono luye kwagqirha kwakamsinya lakubona naluphi na utshintsho. Funda ngendlela yokuqonda umhlaza wamabele wamadoda.

Unyango xa ukhulelwe

Unyango lomhlaza webele xa ukhulelwe luxhomekeke kubudala bokukhulelwa, ubungakanani kunye nobungakanani besi sifo. Zonke iindlela zinokwenziwa kwabasetyhini abakhulelweyo, nangona kunjalo banezithintelo ezithile, kuba zinokubonisa umngcipheko kumfazi nakusana.

Utyando lomhlaza webele lunokwenziwa nakweliphi na inqanaba lokukhulelwa, njengoko limele umngcipheko omncinci kwaye aluphazamisi ukukhula komntwana. Nangona kunjalo, kwiimeko ezininzi, utyando lulodwa alonelanga ukunyanga olu hlobo lomhlaza, olufuna unyango olongezelelekileyo ngekhemotherapy okanye unyango ngemitha, ekufuneka lwenziwe kuthathelwa ingqalelo ixesha lokumitha kunye nefuthe elinokubakho kuphuhliso lomntwana. .

Ngale ndlela, ugqirha uhlala ethanda ukulibazisa ukusebenza kotyando ukuze kunokwenzeka ukuba uqalise unyango olongezelelekileyo nge-chemo kunye ne-radiotherapy ukulandela ngaphandle komngcipheko. Unyango lwe-Chemotherapy luyacetyiswa ukusuka kwikota yesibini yokukhulelwa, ukusukela kwinyanga yesine yokukhulelwa umngcipheko wonyango lomntwana ungaphantsi.

Nangona kunjalo, xa kufunyaniswe ukuba umhlaza uqhubele phambili, ugqirha usenokubonisa ukuba unyango lwenziwe kwikota yokuqala yokukhulelwa, kwaye kunganyanzeleka ukuba akuphelise ukukhulelwa ukuthintela ukonzakala kosana. Kwelinye icala, xa unyango luqaliswa emva kwekota yesibini, kufuneka luyekiswe de kube yiveki ye-35 okanye yeeveki ezi-3 ngaphambi kokuba umntwana azalwe ukuthintela iingxaki ngexesha lokubeleka, njengosulelo ngokubanzi okanye ukopha.

I-Radiotherapy yenye indlela yonyango enokusetyenziswa kumhlaza wamabele, kodwa akufuneki isetyenziswe ekukhulelweni njengoko inokuphazamisa ukukhula komntwana kwaye, ke, kufuneka yenziwe kuphela emva kokuzalwa. Ngamanye amaxesha, xa umfazi enesifo somhlaza kwinqanaba eliphezulu kwaye sele sele ekhulelwe, ugqirha unokukhetha ukulindela ukuhanjiswa ukuze i-radiotherapy iqale kwangoko emva koko.

Ukhetho lwendalo kunyango lomhlaza webele

Unyango lwendalo lomhlaza webele luzalisa kuphela unyango lweklinikhi olwenziwe esibhedlele, kwaye akufuneki ukuba ithathe indawo yemiyalelo kagqirha. Ukuphucula unyango ngendlela yendalo kufuneka:

• Sebenzisa ukutya okunefayibha ngesidlo ngasinye, njenge-oats, i-flaxseed yomhlaba, kunye nokutya okupheleleyo, kunye nemifuno eluhlaza;
• Nciphisa ukutyiwa kwamanqatha kwaye ukunqande ukusetyenziswa kokutya okwenziweyo okanye okwenziweyo;
• Yeka ukutshaya, ukuba uyatshaya;
• Tyala imali ekutyeni ukutya okune organic, ngaphandle kwezibulali zinambuzane.

Ezi ntlobo zotshintsho kwindlela otya ngayo zibaluleke kakhulu kuba ziqinisekisa ukwanda kwee-lignans emzimbeni, ezizizinto ezinciphisa ukuveliswa kwe-estrogen, eyona hormone iphambili inoxanduva lokuphuhliswa kolu hlobo lomhlaza.