Sinyangwa njani isifo sephepha

Umxholo

• 1. Isifo sephepha seentsana
• 2. Isifo sephepha esisebenzayo
• Uyisebenzisa kanjani ivithamin D ukukhawulezisa unyango
• Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango
• Iimpawu zokuphucula
• Iimpawu zokuba mandundu

Unyango lwesifo sephepha lwenziwa ngamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane, afana ne-Isoniazid kunye neRifampicin, ephelisa iintsholongwane ezibangela ukuba isifo sivele emzimbeni. Kuba ibhaktiriya inqabile kakhulu, kufuneka inyangwe malunga neenyanga ezi-6, nangona kwezinye iimeko, inokuhlala phakathi kweenyanga ezili-18 ukuya kwiminyaka emi-2 kude kube kufezekisiwe.

Ezona meko zilula zokunyanga zezo zesifo sephepha esifihlakeleyo, oko kukuthi, xa ibhaktiriya isemzimbeni kodwa ilele, ingenzi zimpawu, kwaye ayinakugqithiselwa. Isifo sephepha esisebenzayo, kwelinye icala, kunzima ngakumbi ukunyanga kwaye, ngenxa yoko, unyango lunokuthatha ixesha elide kwaye kunokuba yimfuneko ukuthatha ngaphezulu kwe-antibiotic enye ukufezekisa unyango.

Ke, amayeza asetyenziswa kunyango ayahluka ngokweminyaka yesigulana, impilo ngokubanzi kunye nohlobo lwesifo sephepha kwaye, ke ngoko, kufuneka iboniswe ngugqirha. Nangona kunjalo, amayeza asekhaya anokuba luncedo ekuncediseni unyango. Jonga olona nyango lusemagqabini lwesifo sephepha.

1. Isifo sephepha seentsana

Kukho amayeza ama-3 aqhele ukusetyenziselwa ukunyanga olu hlobo lwesifo sephepha, olubandakanya i-Isoniazid, iRifampicin kunye neRifapentine. Ugqirha uhlala echaza inye kuphela yezi ntsholongwane, ekufuneka isetyenziselwe iinyanga ezi-6 ukuya kwezi-9 de ibhaktheriya isuswe ngokupheleleyo kwaye iziphumo ziqinisekiswe kuvavanyo lwegazi.

Nangona iibhaktheriya zilele, kubaluleke kakhulu ukunyanga isifo sephepha esifihlakeleyo kuba esi sifo sinokusebenza nanini na kwaye kunzima ukusinyanga.

2. Isifo sephepha esisebenzayo

Kwiimeko zesifo sephepha esisebenzayo, inani leebhaktiriya liphezulu kakhulu kwaye, ke ngoko, amajoni omzimba awakwazi ukulwa nosulelo lodwa, kuyimfuneko ukusebenzisa indibaniselwano yezibulala-ntsholongwane ezininzi ngaphezulu kweenyanga ezi-6. Ezona zilungiso zisetyenziswayo zezi:

• Isoniazid;
• Irifampicin;
• I-Ethambutol;
• IPyrazinamide.

Unyango kufuneka luqhubeke nasemva kokuba iimpawu ziphelile, ukuqinisekisa ukupheliswa ngokupheleleyo kwebhaktheriya. Ke, kubalulekile ukuba uhloniphe ixesha lonyango oluboniswe ngugqirha, kwaye amayeza kufuneka athathwe yonke imihla, ngalo lonke ixesha kwaye de ugqirha athi angayeka.

Ngexesha lokunyanga isifo sephepha semiphunga, esenzeka xa usulelo lusemiphungeni, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha amanyathelo okhuseleko, njengokuhlala ekhaya, ukunqanda ukunxibelelana nabanye abantu kunye nokuvala umlomo xa ukhohlela okanye uthimla, kuba Umzekelo, ukuthintela ukuhanjiswa kwesi sifo, ngakumbi kwiiveki zokuqala ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-3.

Uyisebenzisa kanjani ivithamin D ukukhawulezisa unyango

UVitamin D lelinye lamayeza okuqala asetyenziselwa ukunyanga isifo sephepha ngaphambi kokubakho kwee-antibiotics ezithile zokunyanga esi sifo. Kwixesha elidlulileyo, abaguli abanesifo sephepha babeselangeni kwaye, nangona isizathu sokuba ukukhanya kwelanga kusebenze kwakungaziwa, izigulana ezininzi zaphucuka.

Okwangoku, ivithamin D yaziwa njengesilawuli somzimba esibalulekileyo esinceda iiseli zokhuselo ukuba zisuse iiproteni ezimbi zokukrala kwaye zivelise iiproteni ezingakumbi ezinceda ekupheliseni iibhaktheriya, ezinje ngezo zibangela isifo sephepha.

Ke, ukuphucula unyango okanye ukunqanda ukosulelwa sisifo sephepha, kuyacetyiswa ukuba kunyuswe amanqanaba e-vitamin D emzimbeni ngokutya ukutya okunothe ku-vitamin D kunye nokuvezwa lilanga ngescreen elangeni nangaphandle kweeyure zomngcipheko omkhulu.

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kunyango lwesi sifo zinqabile, nangona kunjalo, njengoko ii-antibiotics zisetyenziswe ixesha elide, iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinje:

• Isicaphucaphu, ukugabha kunye urhudo rhoqo;
• Ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya;
• Isikhumba esimthubi;
• Umchamo omnyama;
• Umkhuhlane ongaphezulu ko-38º C.

Xa kuvela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, kuyacetyiswa ukuba wazise ugqirha omisele amayeza, ukuvavanya ukuba kunyanzelekile na ukutshintsha amayeza okanye ulungelelanise idosi yonyango.

Iimpawu zokuphucula

Iimpawu zokuphucula isifo sephepha zivela malunga neeveki ezi-2 emva kokuqala konyango kwaye zibandakanya ukuncipha kokudinwa, ukunyamalala komkhuhlane kunye nokuthomalalisa iintlungu zemisipha.

Iimpawu zokuba mandundu

Iimpawu zokuba mandundu ngakumbi rhoqo xa unyango lungaqalwa kwangexesha, ngakumbi kwimeko yesifo sephepha esifihlakeleyo apho isigulana singazi ukuba sosulelekile, kwaye kubandakanya ukuqala komkhuhlane ongaphezulu kwe-38º C, ukubola ngokubanzi, ukubila ebusuku kunye nezihlunu zentlungu .

Ukongeza, kuxhomekeke kwindawo echaphazelekayo, iimpawu ezithile ezinje ngokukhohlela kwegazi, ukudumba kwendawo echaphazelekayo okanye ukunciphisa umzimba kunokubonakala.