Ulufumana nini ugonyo lwe-yellow fever?

Umxholo

• Isetyenziswa njani isitofu sokugonya
• Lisebenza njani iyeza lokugonya lamaqhezu
• Ukuphendula okungalunganga okunokwenzeka kunye nokuba wenze ntoni
• 1. Ubuhlungu kunye nobomvu kwindawo yokuluma
• 2. Fever, umsipha kunye nentloko
• 3. Ukutshatyalaliswa kwe-Anaphylactic
• 4. Utshintsho kwimithambo-luvo
• Ngubani ongenakufumana isitofu sokugonya

Isitofu sokugonya se-yellow fever siyinxalenye yeshedyuli yesiseko sokugonya abantwana kunye nabantu abadala kwamanye amazwe aseBrazil, kunyanzelekile kubantu abahlala okanye abazimisele ukuhamba kwiindawo ezinobungozi besifo, njengasemantla eBrazil nakwamanye amazwe aseAfrika. Esi sifo sidluliswa ngokulunywa yingcongconi kolu didiHaemagogus, Sabethes okanye Aedes aegypti.

Eli yeza lokugonya linokuhanjiswa ebantwini ngaphezulu kweenyanga ezili-9 ubudala, ngakumbi ukuya kwiintsuku ezili-10 ngaphambi kokuya kwindawo echaphazelekayo, lisetyenziswe ngumongikazi, engalweni, kwikliniki yezempilo.

Abo bathe bagonyelwa ubuncinci kube kanye ebomini babo, akukho mfuneko yokuba baphinde bakwenze oko phambi kokuba bahambe, kuba bakhuselekile ubomi babo bonke. Nangona kunjalo, kwimeko yeentsana ezifumene isitofu sokugonya ukuya kwiinyanga ezili-9, kuyacetyiswa ukuba wenze idosi entsha yokukhuthaza xa uneminyaka emi-4 ubudala.

Iyeza liyacetyiswa kubantu abasebenza kwezokhenketho emaphandleni kunye nabasebenzi abafuna ukungena ehlathini okanye ehlathini kule mimandla. Iingcebiso malunga nokugonyelwa i-yellow fever zezi zilandelayo:

Amazwe aseBrazil afuna ukugonyelwa i-yellow fever zii-Acre, Amapá, Amazonas, Pará, Rondônia, Roraima, Goiás, Tocantins, Mato Grosso do Sul, Mato Grosso, Maranhão neMinas Gerais. Eminye imimandla yala mazwe alandelayo inokuchongwa: I-Bahia, i-Piauí, i-Paraná, i-Santa Catarina kunye ne-Rio Grande do Sul.

Iyeza lokulwa i-yellow fever linokufunyanwa simahla kwiiYunithi zezeMpilo ezisisiseko okanye kwiiklinikhi zokugonya zabucala ezivunyiweyo ne-Anvisa.

Isetyenziswa njani isitofu sokugonya

Ukusetyenziswa kweyeza lokugonya le-yellow fever kwenziwa ngenaliti eluswini, ngumongikazi. Iyeza lokugonya linokusetyenziswa kwiintsana ezingaphezulu kweenyanga ezili-9 ubudala nakubo bonke abantu abanokuthi babe sengozini ye-yellow fever.

Lisebenza njani iyeza lokugonya lamaqhezu

Ukongeza kugonyo olupheleleyo lwe-yellow fever, iyeza eliqhekeziweyo lakhutshwa, eliqulathe i-1/10 yokwenziwa kweyeza elipheleleyo kwaye, endaweni yokukhusela ubomi, likhusela kuphela iminyaka esi-8. Ngeli xesha, ukusebenza kokugonya kuhlala kungatshintshi kwaye akukho mngcipheko ukhulayo wokubamba esi sifo. Eli nyathelo lamiliselwa ukuvumela inani elikhulu labantu ukuba ligonywe ngexesha lobhubhane kwaye isitofu sokuqhekeza sinokwenziwa kumaziko ezempilo simahla.

Ukuphendula okungalunganga okunokwenzeka kunye nokuba wenze ntoni

Iyeza lokugonya i-yellow fever likhuselekile, nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko kunokwenzeka ukuba kubekho iimpendulo ezingalunganga, ezona zixhaphakileyo kubandakanya iintlungu kwindawo yokuluma, umkhuhlane kunye nokuqaqanjelwa sisifo ngokubanzi.

1. Ubuhlungu kunye nobomvu kwindawo yokuluma

Ubuhlungu kunye nobomvu kwindawo yokuluma zezona zinto zichaseneyo neziqhelekileyo ezinokuthi zenzeke. Ukongeza, abanye abantu baziva ukuba indawo inzima kwaye idumbile. Ezi mpendulo zenzeka malunga neepesenti ezi-4 zabantu, kwiintsuku ezi-1 ukuya kwezi-2 emva kogonyo.

Kwenziwe ntoni: ukukhupha ulusu nokudumba, umkhenkce kufuneka ufakwe kuloo ndawo, ukhusela ulusu ngelaphu elicocekileyo. Ukuba kukho ukulimala okuninzi okanye ukunyakaza okuncinci, jonga ugqirha ngokukhawuleza.

2. Fever, umsipha kunye nentloko

Iziphumo ezinje ngomkhuhlane, iintlungu zemisipha kunye nentloko zinokubonakalisa, ezinokuthi zenzeke malunga neepesenti ezi-4 zabantu, ngesiqhelo kususela kusuku lwesithathu emva kogonyo.

Kwenziwe ntoni: Ukuphelisa umkhuhlane, umntu angathatha iipilisi zeentlungu kunye ne-antipyretics, ezinje ngeparacetamol okanye i-dipyrone, umzekelo, ngokufanelekileyo phantsi kolawulo lwegcisa lezempilo.

3. Ukutshatyalaliswa kwe-Anaphylactic

Ukothuka kwe-Anaphylactic sisenzo esibi kakhulu, esithi, nangona sinqabile, sinokubakho kwabanye abantu abafumana iyeza lokugonya. Ezinye zeempawu zibandakanya ukuphefumla nzima, ukurhawuzelela nokubomvu kolusu, ukudumba kwamehlo kunye nokubetha kwentliziyo, umzekelo. Ezi mpendulo zihlala zivela kwimizuzu yokuqala engama-30 ukuya kwiiyure ezimbini emva kogonyo.

Kwenziwe ntoni: ukuba kukrokrelwa ukothuka kwe-anaphylactic, yiya kwisebe likaxakeka ngokukhawuleza. Jonga ukuba wenzeni xa kunokwenzeka ukuba wothuke anaphylactic.

4. Utshintsho kwimithambo-luvo

Utshintsho kwimithambo-luvo, enjengokudumba kwenwebu yengqondo, ukuxhuzula, ukuphazamiseka kwiimoto, utshintsho kwinqanaba lokuqonda, intamo elukhuni, intloko ebukhali kunye nokuqaqamba kwexesha elide okanye ukuba ndindisholo kunqabile kakhulu, kodwa kunye neempendulo ezinzulu ezinokwenzeka malunga neentsuku ezisi-7 ukuya kwezi-21 emva kogonyo. Intloko ebuhlungu kunye nexesha elide luphawu oluqhelekileyo kwaye lunokwenzeka kwakamsinya emva kokugonywa, ukuba luphawu lwesilumkiso malunga nengxaki ezinokubakho kwimithambo-luvo.

Kwenziwe ntoni: ukuba unazo naziphi na kwezi mpawu, kuya kufuneka uye kwagqirha ngokukhawuleza, ekufuneka ukuba enze uphando ngezinye iisyndromes ezinzulu zemithambo-luvo.

Ngubani ongenakufumana isitofu sokugonya

Iyeza alikhuthazwa kwezi meko zilandelayo:

• Abantwana abangaphantsi kweenyanga ezi-6, ngenxa yokungakhuli komzimba wamajoni omzimba, ukongeza kumngcipheko omkhulu wokuphendulwa kwemithambo-luvo kunye nethuba elikhulu lokugonya elingenampembelelo;
• Abantu abangaphezu kwama-60, kuba amajoni omzimba sele etyhafile ngenxa yobudala, nto leyo eyonyusa ithuba lesitofu sokungasebenzi kunye nokusabela kwisitofu sokugonya.
• Ngexesha lokukhulelwa, Kunconywa kuphela kwimeko yobhubhane nasemva kokukhutshwa ngugqirha. Kwimeko yabasetyhini abakhulelweyo abahlala kwimimandla enomngcipheko ophezulu we-yellow fever, kuyacetyiswa ukuba iyeza lokugonya lenziwe ngexesha lokucwangciswa kokukhulelwa, ukuba owasetyhini akakhange agonywe ebuntwaneni;
• Abasetyhini abancancisayo abantwana abangaphantsi kweenyanga ezintandathu, ukuthintela iimpendulo ezinzulu;
• Abantu abanezifo ezenza buthathaka amajoni omzimba, njengomhlaza okanye usulelo lwe-HIV, umzekelo;
• Unyango nge-corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, chemotherapy okanye unyango ngemitha, kuba ikwanciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwamajoni omzimba;
• Abantu abafumene ukufakelwa amalungu;
• Abathwali bezifo ezizimelayo, ezinje ngeSystemic Lupus Erythematosus kunye neRheumatoid Arthritis, umzekelo, njengoko ziphazamisa nokuzikhusela.

Ukongeza, abantu abanembali yokufumana izinto ezinobuzaza kwiqanda okanye kwi-gelatin akufuneki ukuba bafumane isitofu sokugonya. Yiyo loo nto abantu abangakwaziyo ukufumana iyeza lokuthintela umkhuhlane otyheli kufuneka bathathe amanyathelo ukunqanda ingcongconi, njengokusebenzisa iblukhwe enemikhono emide kunye neeblawuzi, izinto ezigxothayo kunye neemusketeers, umzekelo. Funda ngakumbi ngeendlela zokuzikhusela kwi-yellow fever.