Ukuphulukana nobunzima buhambelana njani nesifo esinganyangekiyo sePulmonary Disease (COPD)

Umxholo

• Ushwankathelo
• Iziphumo zesifo esinganyangekiyo semiphunga (COPD)
• Ikhonkco phakathi kweCOPD kunye nelahleko yobunzima
• Iingxaki zokutyeba kancinci
• Iingcebiso zokugcina ubunzima obunempilo
• Yenza lula ukutya kwakho kunye nokutya
• Sika kwakhona kwi-sodium
• Nika ingqalelo impilo yakho yengqondo
• Ukuthatha

Ushwankathelo

Isifo esinganyangekiyo semiphunga (COPD) sisifo esidala ubunzima bokuphefumla.

Yeyona unobangela wesine oqhelekileyo wokufa kwabantu e-United States, ngokwe. Ukufumana unyango kunye nokukhulisa imikhwa yokuphila esempilweni kubalulekile ekuphuculeni umbono wakho ngale meko.

Ukongeza kokubangela ubunzima bokuphefumla, i-COPD inokukhokelela ekulahlekeni kobunzima obukhulu.

Ngokophononongo loncwadi olupapashwe kwiJenali yoGuqulelo lwaNgaphakathi lwezeMpilo, ama-25 ukuya kuma-40 epesenti yabantu abaneCOPD banobunzima obuphantsi. Ukuphulukana nobunzima ngokungenanjongo luphawu lomcimbi onobuzaza, ngakumbi ukuba ulahlekelwa ziiponti ezimbalwa ngexesha elincinci.

Ukukhuthaza umgangatho wobomi kunye nempilo yonke kunye neCOPD, kubalulekile ukuba ufunde indlela yokugcina ubunzima bakho kunye nokuhlangabezana neemfuno zakho zesondlo.

Ukutya iikhalori ezaneleyo kunye nezondlo kubalulekile ekuxhaseni kwakho:

• ukuphefumla
• inkqubo yomzimba
• amanqanaba amandla

Iziphumo zesifo esinganyangekiyo semiphunga (COPD)

I-COPD ikhula ngenxa yomonakalo wemiphunga. Zimbini iindlela eziphambili zesi sifo:

• i-bronchitis engapheliyo
• emphysema

I-bronchitis engapheliyo ibangela ukudumba okukhulu (ukudumba) kunye nokucaphuka kwimiphunga yomoya yemiphunga yakho. Oku kukhokelela ekwakhiweni kwencindi. Le ncindi ivala i-airways yakho, isenza nzima ukuphefumla kakuhle.

I-Emphysema ikhula xa iingxowa zomoya emiphungeni yakho zonakalisiwe. Ngaphandle kweengxowa zomoya ezaneleyo, imiphunga yakho ayinakukwazi ukuthatha ngokufanelekileyo ioksijini kwaye ikhuphe i-carbon dioxide.

Ukutshaya ngoyena nobangela uqhelekileyo weCOPD. Imiba yokuphefumla kunye nokukhohlela okungapheliyo (okanye "ukukhwehlela umsi") zihlala ziyimpawu zokuqala zesifo.

Ezinye iimpawu zeCOPD zibandakanya:

• ukuqina esifubeni sakho
• isikhohlela, okanye iphlegm, imveliso ekhohlela
• ukuphefumla kancinci emva kokuzilolonga ngokomzimba
• ukuvutha
• iintlungu zemisipha, okanye i-myalgia
• intloko ebuhlungu

I-COPD ikhula kancinci. Awunakuzibona naziphi na iimpawu ezikhathazayo de isifo siqhubele phambili sidlulileyo kumanqanaba okuqala.

Abantu abaninzi abaneCOPD bafumana ukuxilongwa kwinqanaba eliphezulu ngenxa yokuba bafuna unyango emva kwexesha.

Ikhonkco phakathi kweCOPD kunye nelahleko yobunzima

Ukwehla kobunzima luphawu lweCOPD eqatha.

Kule nqanaba lesi sifo, umonakalo kwimiphunga yakho iba nzima kangangokuba umthamo wamaphaphu ukhula ngobukhulu, ekugqibeleni ugqithise isithsaba sakho, ukunciphisa inani lesithuba phakathi kwemiphunga yakho nesisu.

Xa oku kusenzeka, imiphunga yakho kunye nesisu sisenokutyhalelana kwaye sibangele ukungonwabi xa usitya. Isithambisi esisicaba senza ukuba ukuphefumla kube nzima ngakumbi.

Ukutya ngokukhawuleza okanye ukutya ukutya okuthile kunokubangela ukuqunjelwa okanye ukungaginywa nto, nto leyo enokwenza kube nzima ukuphefumla. Oku kunokukutyhafisa ekutyeni rhoqo, ukutya okusempilweni ngokunjalo.

Iziphumo eziqhelekileyo zibandakanya:

• ukutya okunetyiwa
• ukutya okuneziqholo
• ukutya okuthosiweyo
• ukutya okunefayibha ephezulu
• iziselo ezihlwahlwazayo
• ikhafeyini

Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuzama ukuzilungiselela ukutya kunokuba nzima kakhulu kubantu abaneCOPD. Unokuziva udiniwe okanye ungaphefumli xa upheka. Oku kunokukutyhafisa ekwenzeni amashwamshwam kunye nokutya.

I-COPD inokuba negalelo kwimicimbi yezempilo yengqondo, enokuthi yona ichaphazele umdla wakho wokutya kunye nemikhwa yokutya. Xa ujamelana neziphumo zeCOPD, akuqhelekanga ukufumana uxinzelelo okanye uxinzelelo.

Imiceli mngeni enjalo yempilo yengqondo ichaphazela wonke umntu ngokwahlukileyo. Abanye abantu batya kakhulu kwaye batyebe, ngelixa abanye besitya kancinci kwaye bencipha.

Nokuba unomdla wokutya, umzimba wakho utshisa iikhalori ezininzi ngelixa uphefumla ngemiphunga eyonakeleyo kunokuba kunjalo ngemiphunga esempilweni.

NgokweCOPD Foundation, abantu abakule meko badinga ii-calories ezingama-430 ukuya kwezingama-720 ngosuku.

Izidingo zeekhalori eziphezulu, kwaye ukungakwazi ukuhlangabezana nazo, kunokukhokelela ekulahlekelweni kwesisindo ngokungazi.

Iingxaki zokutyeba kancinci

Ukutyeba kakhulu kuhlala kunxulunyaniswa nokungondleki. Kubantu abane-COPD, iziphumo zokungondleki kakuhle zinokuba mandundu ngakumbi.

Ukungazifumani ngokwaneleyo izakhamzimba kuwenza buthathaka amajoni akho omzimba kwaye kwandise umngcipheko wosulelo. Kungenxa yeso sizathu le nto abantu abaninzi abaneCOPD belaliswe esibhedlele ngezifo zesifuba.

Ukutyeba kakhulu nokungondleki kunokukwenza uzive udinwe kakhulu. Ukudinwa okungapheliyo kwenza kube nzima ukugqiba imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla.

Iingcebiso zokugcina ubunzima obunempilo

Ukunyusa ubunzima bomzimba wakho ngelixa uqinisekisa ukuba ufumana izakhamzimba ezifanelekileyo, kunokunceda:

• yitya ukutya okuncinci kodwa rhoqo rhoqo ngalo lonke usuku
• fumana iindlela zokutya ukutya okuphezulu kwekhalori, njengobisi olunamafutha apheleleyo ("ubisi olupheleleyo") endaweni yeemveliso zobisi olunamafutha asezantsi
• ukunciphisa ukungenisa kwakho ulwelo ngexesha lokutya ukuvumela indawo ethe kratya esiswini sakho yokutya
• usele ulwelo ngakumbi phakathi kokutya
• thintela ukutya kunye neziselo ezibangela ukudumba
• yitya ngelixa usebenzisa unyango lweoksijini
• phumla ngaphambi kokuba utye

Ngamanye amaxesha, ugqirha wakho okanye umntu otya ukutya unokukukhuthaza ukuba ukongeze ukutya okunesondlo.

Yenza lula ukutya kwakho kunye nokutya

Ukufumana iindlela zokulungiselela amashwamshwam kunye nokutya ngokulula kunokukunceda ukhawulelane neemfuno zakho zesondlo.

Umzekelo, unganciphisa eminye yemisebenzi yokupheka ebonakalayo kubandakanya ngokuthenga:

• ukuvelisa kwangaphambili
• izidlo ezinemicrowaveable
• ezinye iimveliso ezipakishwe

Sika kwakhona kwi-sodium

Xa uthenga iimveliso zokutya ezilungisiweyo okanye ezipakishiweyo, jonga iindlela ezinesodium ephantsi. Ukutya isodium kakhulu kwenza umzimba ugcine amanzi, nto leyo ebeka uxinzelelo ngakumbi kwimiphunga yakho.

Nika ingqalelo impilo yakho yengqondo

Ukuba uqaphela ukuba ulahlekelwe ngumzimba ngexesha elinye obukhe ufumana iimvakalelo zokudakumba, unxunguphalo, okanye uxinzelelo, cinga ukubuza ugqirha wakho ngeendlela zokuphucula impilo yakho yengqondo.

Ukudakumba kunye nolunye unyango kunokukunceda ulawule ubunzima bakho ngelixa uphucula imeko yakho kunye nembono ngobomi.

Ukufumana iingcebiso kunye nenkxaso, ugqirha wakho unokukuthumela kwingcali yokutya okanye enye ingcali. I-dietitian ebhalisiweyo inokukunceda uhlakulele iindlela zokulungisa ukutya kwakho ngelixa ujongana neCOPD.

Ukuthatha

Akukho lunyango lweCOPD, kodwa ukuthatha amanyathelo ukunyanga nokulawula imeko kunokunceda ukuphucula impilo yakho kunye nomgangatho wobomi.

Ukugcina ubunzima obusempilweni kunye nokutya ukutya okunezakha-mzimba kubalulekile ekuhlangabezeni iimfuno zempilo yomzimba wakho ngeCOPD. Kwakhona kunceda ukuphepha ukutya okubangela okanye ukugqithisa iimpawu zakho.

Ukufezekisa ulawulo lwakho lobunzima kunye neenjongo zesondlo, zama ukwenza utshintsho oluncinci kwindlela otya ngayo nakwindlela otya ngayo ngexesha. Ukufumana iingcebiso ezingaphezulu, cinga ukwenza idinga nengcali yezidlo ezibhalisiweyo.