Isifo seCrohn

Isifo seCrohn sisifo apho iinxalenye zendlela yokwetyisa ziye zitshise.

• Rhoqo kubandakanya isiphelo esisezantsi samathumbu amancinci kunye nokuqala kwamathumbu amakhulu.
• Inokwenzeka nakweyiphi na indawo yenkqubo yokwetyisa ukusuka emlonyeni ukuya esiphelweni se-rectum (anus).

Isifo seCrohn luhlobo lwezifo zamathumbu (IBD).

I-ulcerative colitis yimeko enxulumene noko.

Isizathu ngqo sesifo sikaCrohn asaziwa. Kwenzeka xa amajoni omzimba wakho ehlasela ngempazamo kwaye etshabalalisa izicwili zomzimba ezisempilweni (autoimmune disorder).

Xa iinxalenye zendlela yokwetyisa zihlala zidumbile okanye zidumbile, iindonga zamathumbu ziyaqina.

Izinto ezinokudlala indima kwisifo seCrohn zibandakanya:

• Imfuza yakho kunye nembali yosapho. (Abantu abamhlophe okanye abanemvelaphi yamaYuda aseMpuma Yurophu basemngciphekweni omkhulu.)
• Imeko yendalo esingqongileyo.
• Ukuthambekela komzimba wakho ekuphenduleni ngaphezulu kwintsholongwane yesiqhelo emathunjini.
• Ukutshaya.

Isifo sikaCrohn sinokubakho nakweyiphi na iminyaka. Oku kwenzeka kakhulu kubantu abaphakathi kweminyaka eli-15 ukuya kwengama-35.

Iimpawu zixhomekeke kwinxalenye yendlela yokwetyisa ebandakanyekileyo. Iimpawu ziqala ukusuka kubumnene ukuya kubunzima, kwaye zinokuza zihambe, kunye namaxesha okuqhambuka.

Iimpawu eziphambili zesifo sikaCrohn zezi:

• Intlungu yesifo esiswini (isisu).
• Ifiva.
• Ukudinwa.
• Ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya kunye nokwehla kobunzima.
• Uziva ukuba ufuna ukupasa ilindle, nangona izibilini zakho sele zingenanto. Inokubandakanya ukuxhwaleka, iintlungu kunye nokuxinana.
• Urhudo lwamanzi, olunokuba ligazi.

Ezinye iimpawu zingabandakanya:

• Ukuqunjelwa
• Izilonda okanye ukudumba emehlweni
• Ukukhupha ubomvu, i-mucus, okanye izitulo ezivela kwi-rectum okanye i-anus (ebangelwa yinto ebizwa ngokuba yi-fistula)
• Intlungu edibeneyo kunye nokudumba
• Izilonda zomlomo
• Ukopha okungafunekiyo kunye nezihlalo ezinegazi
• Iintsini ezidumbileyo
• Ithenda, amaqhuma abomvu (maqhuqhuva) phantsi kolusu, anokujika abe zizilonda kulusu

Uvavanyo lomzimba lunokubonisa ubunzima okanye isisa esiswini, irhashalala, ukudumba kwamalungu, okanye izilonda zomlomo.

Uvavanyo lokufumanisa isifo seCrohn lubandakanya:

• I-Bema enema okanye i-GI ephezulu (isisu) uthotho
• Colonoscopy okanye sigmoidoscopy
• Ukuvavanywa kwe-CT kwesisu
• I-Capsule endoscopy
• I-MRI yesisu
• Enteroscopy
• MR ubuchule

Inkcubeko yesitulo inokwenziwa ukulawula ezinye izizathu ezinokubangela iimpawu.

Esi sifo sinokutshintsha iziphumo zolu vavanyo lulandelayo:

• Inqanaba eliphantsi lealbumin
• Iqondo eliphezulu le-sed
• ICP ephakamileyo
  
• Amanqatha amdaka
• Inani eliphantsi legazi (ihemoglobin kunye nehematocrit)
• Iimvavanyo zegazi zesibindi ezingaqhelekanga
• Inani eliphezulu leeseli ezimhlophe
• Umgangatho ophakamileyo we-fecal calprotectin kwisitulo

Iingcebiso zokulawula isifo seCrohn ekhaya:

UKUTYA KUNYE NEZONDLO

Kuya kufuneka utye ukutya okusempilweni okunesondlo. Faka iikhalori ezaneleyo, iiprotein, kunye nezondlo ezivela kumaqela okutya ahlukeneyo.

Akukho kutya kuthile kubonisiweyo ukwenza iimpawu zeCrohn zibengcono okanye zibi. Iindidi zeengxaki zokutya zinokwahluka kumntu nomntu.

Okunye ukutya kunokwenza urhudo kunye negesi zibe mbi. Ukunceda ukunciphisa iimpawu, zama:

• Ukutya ukutya okuncinci imini yonke.
• Ukusela amanzi amaninzi (sela izixa ezincinci rhoqo ngalo lonke usuku).
• Ukuphepha ukutya okunefayibha ephezulu (ibran, iimbotyi, amandongomane, iimbewu kunye nepopcorn).
• Ukuphepha ukutya okunamafutha, okunamafutha okanye okuthosiweyo kunye neesosi (ibhotolo, imajarini, kunye nekhrim enzima).
• Ukunciphisa umda kwiimveliso zobisi ukuba unengxaki yokucola amanqatha obisi. Zama i-lactose cheeses ephantsi, njengeSwitzerland kunye ne-cheddar, kunye nemveliso ye-enzyme, njengeLactaid, ukunceda ukuphula i-lactose.
• Ukuthintela ukutya owaziyo kubangela igesi, ezinje ngeembotyi kunye nemifuno kusapho lwekhaphetshu, njenge-broccoli.
• Ukuphepha ukutya okuneziqholo.

Buza umboneleli wakho wezempilo malunga neevithamini ezongezelelekileyo kunye neeminerals onokuzifuna, ezinje:

• Izongezo zentsimbi (ukuba uneanemia).
• I-calcium kunye ne-vitamin D yongeza ukunceda ukugcina amathambo akho omelele.
• I-Vitamin B12 yokuthintela i-anemia, ngakumbi ukuba isiphelo sincinci (ileum) sisusiwe.

Ukuba une-ileostomy, kuya kufuneka ufunde:

• Ukutshintsha kokutya
• Ungayitshintsha njani ingxowa yakho
• Uyinyamekela njani i-stoma yakho

UXINZELELO

Unokuziva ukhathazekile, uneentloni, okanye ulusizi kwaye uxinezelekile malunga nokuba nesifo samathumbu. Ezinye izinto ezixinzelelekileyo ebomini bakho, ezinje ngokuhamba, ukuphulukana nomsebenzi, okanye ukuswelekelwa ngumntu omthandayo zinokuzenza mandundu iingxaki zokugaya ukutya.

Buza umboneleli wakho ngeengcebiso ngendlela yokulawula uxinzelelo lwakho.

AMAYEZA

Unokuthatha amayeza ukunyanga urhudo olubi kakhulu. Loperamide (Imodium) zingathengwa ngaphandle kagqirha. Soloko uthetha nomboneleli wakho ngaphambi kokusebenzisa la machiza.

Amanye amayeza ukunceda ngeempawu zibandakanya:

• Izongezo zeFayibha, ezinje nge-psyllium powder (Metamucil) okanye i-methylcellulose (iCitrucel). Buza umboneleli wakho ngaphambi kokuba uthathe ezi mveliso okanye laxatives.
• I-Acetaminophen (iTylenol) yentlungu ethambileyo. Gwema iziyobisi ezinjenge-aspirin, ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), okanye naproxen (Aleve, Naprosyn) ezinokwenza iimpawu zakho zibe mandundu.

Umboneleli wakho unokumisela amayeza ukunceda ukulawula isifo seCrohn:

• I-Aminosalicylates (5-ASAs), amayeza anceda ukulawula iimpawu eziphakathi ukuya kweziphakathi. Ezinye iintlobo zamachiza zithathwa ngomlomo, kwaye ezinye kufuneka zinikezwe ngokuchanekileyo.
• ICorticosteroids, enje nge-prednisone, inyanga isifo esiqatha seCrohn. Banokuthathwa ngomlomo okanye bafakwe kwi-rectum.
• Amayeza athulisa impendulo yomzimba yokuzikhusela.
• Antibiotic ukunyanga amathumba okanye fistula.
• Amachiza e-immunosuppressive anje nge-Imuran, 6-MP, kunye nezinye ukunqanda ukusetyenziswa kwexesha elide kwe-corticosteroids.
• Unyango lwe-Biologic lungasetyenziselwa isifo esiqatha seCrohn esingaphenduliyo nakwezinye iintlobo zamayeza.

UKUGQIBELA

Abanye abantu abanesifo sikaCrohn banokufuna utyando ukuze kususwe indawo eyonakeleyo okanye enesifo emathunjini. Ngamanye amaxesha, onke amathumbu amakhulu asuswe, kunye okanye ngaphandle kwethanga.

Abantu abanesifo sikaCrohn esingaphenduliyo kumayeza banokufuna utyando ukunyanga iingxaki ezinje:

• Ukopha
• Ukusilela ukukhula (ebantwaneni)
• Iifistula (unxibelelwano olungaqhelekanga phakathi kwamathumbu kunye nenye indawo yomzimba)
• Usulelo
• Ukunciphisa amathumbu

Utyando olunokwenziwa lubandakanya:

• Ileostomy
• Ukususwa kwenxalenye yamathumbu amakhulu okanye amathumbu amancinci
• Ukususwa kwamathumbu amakhulu ukuya kwi-rectum
• Ukususwa kwamathumbu amakhulu kunye noninzi lwe-rectum

ICrohn's kunye neColitis Foundation yaseMelika ibonelela ngamaqela enkxaso kulo lonke elaseMelika - www.crohnscolitisfoundation.org

Akukho nonyango yesifo sikaCrohn. Imeko iphawulwe ngamaxesha okuphuculwa elandelwa kukuqhambuka kweempawu. Isifo seCrohn asinakunyangeka, nditsho ngotyando. Kodwa unyango lonyango lunokunika uncedo olukhulu.

Unomngcipheko omkhulu wesifo somhlaza kunye nesifo somhlaza xa unesifo sikaCrohn. Umboneleli wakho unokucebisa uvavanyo kuvavanyo lomhlaza wekolon. I-colonoscopy ihlala icetyiswa ukuba unesifo seCrohn esibandakanya ikholoni iminyaka esi-8 okanye nangaphezulu.

Abo banesifo esiqatha kakhulu seCrohn banokuba nazo ezi ngxaki:

• Ithumba okanye usulelo emathunjini
• I-anemia, ukunqongophala kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi
• Ukucinywa kwamathumbu
• Iifistula kwisinyi, ulusu, okanye ubufazi
• Ukukhula kancinci kunye nokukhula ngokwesondo ebantwaneni
• Ukudumba kwamalungu
• Ukungabikho kwezondlo ezibalulekileyo, ezifana ne-vitamin B12 kunye nentsimbi
• Iingxaki ngokugcina ubunzima obunempilo
• Ukuvuvukala kwemibhobho ye-bile (i-primary sclerosing cholangitis)
• Izilonda zolusu, ezinje nge-pyoderma gangrenosum

Fowunela umnikezeli wakho ukuba:

• Unentlungu ebuhlungu esiswini
• Ayikwazi ukulawula urhudo lwakho ngokutshintsha kokutya kunye neziyobisi
• Ukwehla kobunzima, okanye umntwana akafumani bunzima
• Ukuphuma kwegazi, umsele, okanye izilonda
• Unomkhuhlane ohlala ngaphezu kweentsuku ezi-2 okanye ezi-3, okanye umkhuhlane ongaphezulu kwe-100.4 ° F (38 ° C) ngaphandle kokugula
• Yiba nesicaphucaphu kunye nokugabha okungapheli ngaphezulu kosuku
• Yiba nezilonda kulusu ezingapholiyo
• Yiba neentlungu ezidibeneyo ezikuthintela ekwenzeni imisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla
• Yiba neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kumayeza owasebenzisayo kwimeko yakho

Isifo sikaCrohn; Ukudumba kwesifo - isifo seCrohn; I-enteritis yengingqi; Ileitis; Ileyolitis enganyangekiyo; Isifo se-IBD-Crohn

• Ukutya kweBland
• Ukuqunjelwa-yintoni oza kuyibuza ugqirha wakho
• Isifo seCrohn - ukukhutshwa
• Urhudo-yintoni oza kuyibuza umboneleli wakho wezempilo-umntu omdala
• Ileostomy nomntwana wakho
• Ileostomy kunye nokutya kwakho
• Ileostomy - ukukhathalela i-stoma yakho
• Ileostomy-ukutshintsha ingxowa yakho
• Ileostomy - ukukhutshwa
• Ileostomy - yintoni oza kuyibuza ugqirha wakho
• Ukuthengiswa kwakhona okukhulu kwamathumbu - ukukhutshwa
• Ukuhlala neileostomy yakho
• Ukutya okune-fiber encinci
• Ukuthengiswa kwamathumbu amancinci amancinci - ukukhutshwa
• Iindidi zeileostomy

• Inkqubo yokwetyisa
• Isifo seCrohn-X-ray
• Ukudumba kwesifo
• Iifistula ezingenantetho
• Iindawo ezichaphazelekayo sisifo seCrohn
• Ukudumba okwenziwa sisilonda sikabhobhosi
• Ukudumba kwesifo-uthotho

Le Leannec IC, Wick E. Ulawulo lweCrohn's colitis. Ku: ICameron AM, uCameron JL, ii-eds. Unyango lwangoku lonyango. Umhla we-13. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; Ngo-2020: 185-189.

ILichtenstein GR. Ukudumba kwesifo. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ii-eds. Amayeza eGoldman-Cecil. Ngomhla wama-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahl. 132.

ILichtenstein GR, iLoftus EV, u-Isaacs KL, uRegueiro MD, uGerson LB, uSands BE. Isikhokelo seKlinikhi ye-ACG: Ulawulo lwesifo sikaCrohn kubantu abadala. NdinguJ Gastroenterol. Ngo-2018; 113 (4): 481-517. IINKCUKACHA: 29610508 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29610508.

UMahmoud NN, uBleier JIS, uAarons CB, uPaulson EC, uShanmugan S, uFry RD. Ikholoni kunye ne-rectum. Ku: Townsend CM Jr, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL, ii-eds. Incwadi yeSabiston yoNyango. Umhla we-20. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; Ngo-2017: isahluko 51.

Isandborn WJ. Ukuvavanywa kwesifo sikaCrohn kunye nonyango: isixhobo sesigqibo seklinikhi. Gastroenterology. Ngo-2014; 147 (3): 702-705. IINKCUKACHA: 25046160 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25046160.

Iisanti BE, Siegel CA. Isifo sikaCrohn. Ku: UFeldman M, uFriedman LS, uBrandt LJ, ii-eds. Sleisenger kunye neFordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease. Ngomhla we-10. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahl 115.