I-lymphocytic leukemia engapheliyo (CLL)

I-lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) engapheliyo ngumhlaza wohlobo lweeseli ezimhlophe zegazi ezibizwa ngokuba zii-lymphocyte. Ezi seli zifumaneka kumongo wethambo nakwezinye iindawo zomzimba. Umongo wethambo sisicubu esithambileyo embindini wamathambo esinceda ekwenzeni zonke iiseli zegazi.

I-CLL ibangela ukonyuka okucothayo kuhlobo oluthile lweeseli ezimhlophe ezibizwa ngokuba zii-lymphocyte B, okanye iiseli ze-B. Iiseli zomhlaza zisasazeka ngegazi kunye nomongo wethambo. I-CLL inokuchaphazela ii-lymph node okanye amanye amalungu afana nesibindi kunye ne-spleen. I-CLL ekugqibeleni inokubangela ukuba umongo wethambo ulahlekelwe ngumsebenzi.

Unobangela we-CLL awaziwa. Akukho nxu lumene nemitha. Akucaci ukuba amachiza athile anokubangela i-CLL. Ukubonakaliswa kwiAgent Orange ngexesha leMfazwe yaseVietnam kunxulunyaniswe nomngcipheko omncinci wokukhula kweCLL.

I-CLL ihlala ichaphazela abantu abadala, ngakumbi abo bangaphezulu kweminyaka engama-60. Abantu abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-45 kunqabile ukuba bakhulise i-CLL. I-CLL ixhaphake kakhulu kwabamhlophe kunakwamanye amaqela ezizwe. Kuqheleke kakhulu emadodeni kunabafazi. Abanye abantu abane-CLL banamalungu osapho anesi sifo.

Iimpawu zihlala zikhula kancinci. I-CLL ihlala ingabangeli zimpawu ekuqaleni. Inokufunyanwa kuvavanyo lwegazi olwenziwe ebantwini ngezinye izizathu.

Iimpawu ze-CLL zinokubandakanya:

• I-lymph nodes eyandisiweyo, isibindi, okanye udakada
• Ukubila okugqithisileyo, ukubila ebusuku
• Ukudinwa
• Ifiva
• Usulelo oluhlala lubuya (luphindaphindiwe), ngaphandle konyango
• Ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya okanye ukugcwala ngokukhawuleza (ukusutha kwasekuqaleni)
• Ukuhla ukusinda

Umboneleli wezempilo uya kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba kwaye abuze malunga neempawu zakho.

Uvavanyo lokufumanisa i-CLL lunokubandakanya:

• Gcwalisa ubalo lwegazi (CBC) ngokwahluka kweseli yegazi.
• Uvavanyo lwe-cytometry yokuhamba kweeseli ezimhlophe zegazi.
• I-Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) isetyenziselwa ukujonga nokubala ii-genes okanye ii-chromosomes. Olu vavanyo lunokunceda ekuchongeni i-CLL okanye isikhokelo sonyango.
• Ukuvavanywa kolunye utshintsho kwimfuza kunokunceda ukuqikelela ukuba umhlaza uza kuphendula njani kunyango.

Abantu abane-CLL bahlala benamanani aphezulu egazi emhlophe.

Uvavanyo olujonga utshintsho kwi-DNA ngaphakathi kweeseli zomhlaza lunokwenziwa. Iziphumo ezivela kolu vavanyo nakwiimvavanyo zokulinganisa zinceda umboneleli wakho amisele unyango lwakho.

Ukuba unenqanaba lokuqala le-CLL, umboneleli wakho uya kukujonga nje ngokusondeleyo. Unyango alunikwa ngokubanzi kwinqanaba lokuqala le-CLL, ngaphandle kokuba une:

• Usulelo oluhlala lubuya
• Ileukemia esiya isiba mandundu ngokukhawuleza
• Iseli ebomvu yegazi okanye ukubalwa kweplatelet
• Ukukhathala, ukulahleka kwesidlo, ukunciphisa umzimba, okanye ukujuluka ebusuku
• I-lymph nodes ezidumbileyo

I-Chemotherapy, kubandakanya amayeza ekujoliswe kuwo, asetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-CLL. Umboneleli wakho uya kumisela ukuba loluphi uhlobo lwamayeza olulungele wena.

Ukumpontshelwa igazi okanye utofelo-gazi kungafuneka ukuba ukubalwa kwegazi kuphantsi.

Umongo wethambo okanye ukufakelwa kweeselfown kungasetyenziswa kubantu abancinci abane-CLL ephezulu okanye esemngciphekweni omkhulu. Ukufakelwa kuphela kwonyango olubonelela ngonyango olunokubakho kwi-CLL, kodwa ikwanomngcipheko. Umboneleli wakho uya kuxoxa ngobungozi kunye nezibonelelo kunye nawe.

Wena kunye nomboneleli wakho unokufuna ukulawula ezinye iinkxalabo ngexesha lokunyanga kwe-leukemia, kuquka:

• Ukulawula izilwanyana zakho ngexesha lekhemotherapy
• Iingxaki zokopha
• Umlomo owomileyo
• Ukutya iikhalori ezaneleyo
• Ukutya okukhuselekileyo ngexesha lonyango lomhlaza

Ungaluphelisa uxinzelelo lokugula ngokujoyina iqela lokuxhasa umhlaza. Ukwabelana nabanye abanamava afanayo kunye neengxaki kunokukunceda ungaziva ulilolo.

Umboneleli wakho unokuxoxa nawe ngembono ye-CLL yakho ngokusekwe kwinqanaba layo kunye nendlela ephendula ngayo kunyango.

Iingxaki ze-CLL kunye nonyango lwayo kunokubandakanya:

• I-autoimmune hemolytic anemia, imeko apho iiseli ezibomvu zegazi zibhujiswa ngamajoni omzimba
• Ukopha kumanani asezantsi eplatelet
• I-Hypogammaglobulinemia, imeko apho kukho inqanaba elisezantsi lamajoni omzimba kunesiqhelo, elinokuthi landise umngcipheko wosulelo.
• Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), isifo sokopha
• Usulelo oluhlala lubuya (luphindaphindiwe)
• Ukukhathala okunokubakho ukusuka kubumnene ukuya kubunzima
• Eminye imihlaza, kubandakanya ne-lymphoma enobundlongondlongo ngakumbi (utshintsho lweRichter)
• Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zekhemotherapy

Fowunela umnikezeli ukuba ukhulisa i-lymph node okanye ukudinwa okungachazwanga, ukugruzuka, ukubila kakhulu, okanye ukunciphisa umzimba.

I-CLL; Wegazi - lymphocytic ezingapheliyo (CLL); Umhlaza wegazi - i-leukemia engapheliyo ye-lymphocytic; Umhlaza womongo wethambo - i-leukemia engapheliyo ye-lymphocytic; I-Lymphoma - i-leukemia engapheliyo ye-lymphocytic leukemia

• Ukutsalwa komongo wethambo - ukukhupha

• Umnqweno wethambo
• Iintonga zeAuer
• I-lymphocytic leukemia engapheliyo-umbono omncinci
• Iintsholongwane

I-Awan FT, ngu-Byrd JC. Ileukemia enganyangekiyo ye-lymphocytic. Ku: Niederhuber JE, Armitage JO, Kastan MB, Doroshow JH, Tepper JE, ii-eds. I-Oncology yeklinikhi yase-Abeloff. Umhla wesi-6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 99.

Kwiwebhusayithi yeZiko loMhlaza weSizwe. Unyango lwe-lymphocytic leukemia engapheliyo (PDQ) -uhlobo lobungcali kwezempilo. www.cancer.gov/types/leukemia/hp/cll-kunyanga-pdq. Ukuhlaziywa ngoJanuwari 22, 2020. Ifikeleleke ngoFebruwari 27, 2020.

Iwebhusayithi yeNethiwekhi yeCancer epheleleyo yoMhlaza. Isikhokelo sonyango se-NCCN kwi-oncology. I-lymphocytic leukemia engapheliyo / i-lymphoma encinci ye-lymphocytic. Inguqulelo 4.2020. www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/pdf/cll.pdf. Ukuhlaziywa ngoDisemba 20, 2019. Ifikeleleke ngoFebruwari 27, 2020.