Neurosarcoidosis

I-Neurosarcoidosis yingxaki yesarcoidosis, apho ukudumba kwenzeka khona kwingqondo, emqolo kunye nakwezinye iindawo zenkqubo yeemvakalelo.

Isarcoidosis sisifo esinganyangekiyo esichaphazela amalungu amaninzi omzimba, ikakhulu imiphunga. Inani elincinci labantu esi sifo libandakanya inxalenye yenkqubo yemithambo-luvo. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-neurosarcoidosis.

I-Neurosarcoidosis inokuchaphazela naliphi na icandelo lenkqubo yeemvakalelo. Ngokukhawuleza, ubuthathaka bobuso (ukukhubazeka kobuso okanye i-facial droop) luphawu oluqhelekileyo lwe-neurological olubandakanya imithambo-luvo kwimisipha yobuso. Nawuphi na omnye umthambo wemithambo kolukakayi unokuchaphazeleka, kubandakanya lawo asemehlweni kunye nalawo alawula incasa, ivumba okanye ukuva.

Intambo yomqolo yenye yecandelo lenkqubo yemithambo-luvo enokuchaphazeleka sisarcoidosis. Abantu banokuba nobuthathaka kwiingalo nasemilenzeni, kunye nobunzima bokuhamba okanye ukulawula umchamo okanye amathumbu. Ngamanye amaxesha, intambo yomqolo ichaphazeleka kakhulu kangangokuba yomibini imilenze ikhubazekile.

Le meko inokuchaphazela namalungu engqondo abandakanyekayo kulawulo lwemisebenzi emininzi yomzimba, enje ngeqondo lobushushu, ukulala, kunye neempendulo zoxinzelelo.

Ubuthathaka bemisipha okanye ilahleko yoluvo inokwenzeka ngokubandakanyeka kwemithambo-luvo. Ezinye iindawo zobuchopho, kubandakanya i-pituitary gland emazantsi engqondo, okanye intambo yomqolo inokuba nenxaxheba.

Ukubandakanywa kwendlala yebhinqa kunokubangela:

• Utshintsho exesheni
• Ukudinwa kakhulu okanye ukudinwa
• Ukunxanwa okugqithisileyo
• Iziphumo eziphezulu zomchamo

Iimpawu ziyahluka. Naliphi na icandelo lenkqubo yeemvakalelo linokuchaphazeleka. Ukubandakanyeka kwengqondo okanye imithambo-luvo ye-cranial kunokubangela:

• Ukudideka, ukudideka
• Ukuncipha kokuva
• Isifo sengqondo esiyingozi
• Ukuba nesiyezi, i-vertigo, okanye iimvakalelo ezingaqhelekanga zokuhamba
• Umbono ophindwe kabini okanye ezinye iingxaki zombono, kubandakanya ukungaboni
• Ukukhubazeka ebusweni (ubuthathaka, ukuxhoma)
• Intloko ebuhlungu
• Ukuphulukana nokuziva ngevumba
• Ukuphulukana nemvakalelo yokunambitha, incasa engaqhelekanga
• Ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo
• Ukuxhuzula
• Ukonakala kwentetho

Ukubandakanyeka kwemithambo yendlela enye okanye nangaphezulu kunokukhokelela ku:

• Iimvakalelo ezingaqhelekanga kulo naliphi na ilungu lomzimba
• Ukuphulukana nentshukumo yalo naliphi na ilungu lomzimba
• Ukuphulukana nemvakalelo kulo naliphi na ilungu lomzimba
• Ubuthathaka balo naliphi na ilungu lomzimba

Uviwo lunokubonisa iingxaki ngomnye okanye nangaphezulu.

Imbali ye-sarcoidosis elandelwa ziimpawu ezinxulumene nemithambo-luvo iphakamisa kakhulu i-neurosarcoidosis. Nangona kunjalo, iimpawu zale meko zinokulinganisa ezinye iingxaki zonyango, kubandakanya isifo seswekile, i-hypopituitarism, i-optic neuritis, i-meningitis, kunye nezilonda ezithile. Ngamanye amaxesha, inkqubo ye-neva inokuchaphazeleka ngaphambi kokuba umntu aziwa ukuba une-sarcoidosis, okanye ngaphandle kokuchaphazela imiphunga okanye amanye amalungu kwaphela.

Uvavanyo lwegazi aluncedo kakhulu ekuchongeni imeko. Ukugqobhoza i-lumbar kunokubonisa iimpawu zokudumba. Ukunyusa amanqanaba okuguqula i-enzyme ye-angiotensin kunokufumaneka kwigazi okanye kwi-fluid ye-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Nangona kunjalo, olu ayilo vavanyo lokuchonga oluthembekileyo.

I-MRI yengqondo kunokuba luncedo. X-ray esifubeni ihlala ibonisa iimpawu zesarcoidosis yemiphunga. I-biopsy yamathambo yezicubu zemithambo-luvo ezichaphazelekayo iqinisekisa ingxaki.

Akukho lunyango lwe-sarcoidosis. Unyango luyanikezelwa ukuba iimpawu ziqatha okanye ziya zisonakala. Injongo yonyango kukunciphisa iimpawu.

I-Corticosteroids enjenge-prednisone imiselwe ukunciphisa ukudumba. Bahlala bemiselwe de iimpawu zibengcono okanye zihambe. Kuya kufuneka uthathe amayeza iinyanga, okanye iminyaka.

Amanye amayeza anokubandakanya ukutshintshwa kwehomoni kunye namayeza acinezela amajoni omzimba.

Ukuba unobundindisholo, ubuthathaka, umbono okanye iingxaki zokuva, okanye ezinye iingxaki ngenxa yomonakalo wemithambo-luvo entlokweni, unokufuna unyango lomzimba, izihlangu zezilima, induku, ukuhambahamba okanye isitulo esinamavili.

Ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo okanye isifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo sinokufuna amayeza oxinzelelo, ungenelelo ngoncedo, kunye noncedo ngononophelo.

Amanye amatyala ahamba ngokwawo kwiinyanga ezi-4 ukuya kwezi-6. Abanye bayaqhubeka kwaye baqhubeke nobomi bomntu. I-Neurosarcoidosis inokubangela ukukhubazeka ngokusisigxina kwaye, kwezinye iimeko, kukusweleka.

Iingxaki ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke ekubeni leliphi icandelo lenkqubo yemithambo-luvo ebandakanyekayo kunye nendlela osabela ngayo kunyango. Kancinci ukwenyuka okanye ukulahleka ngokusisigxina komsebenzi we-neurological kunokwenzeka. Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, ubuchwephesha bengqondo bunokubandakanyeka. Oku kusongela ubomi.

Tsalela umnxeba umboneleli wakho ukuba une sarcoidosis kwaye naziphi na iimpawu ze-neurological ziyenzeka.

Yiya kwigumbi likaxakeka okanye fowunela inombolo yongxamiseko yendawo (enje nge-911) ukuba ulahlekelwe ngesiquphe kukuziva, ukuhamba, okanye ukusebenza komzimba.

Unyango ngqwabalala lwe-sarcoidosis icima impendulo yomzimba ephosakeleyo ngaphambi kokuba imithambo-luvo yakho yonakaliswe. Oku kunokunciphisa ithuba lokuba iimpawu ze-neurological zenzeke.

Sarcoidosis - luvo

• I-Sarcoid, inqanaba I - i-x-ray yesifuba
• I-Sarcoid, isigaba II - i-x-ray yesifuba
• I-Sarcoid, isigaba se-IV - i-x-ray yesifuba

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UJosephson SA, uAminoff MJ. Iingxaki ze-neurological zesifo se-systemic: abantu abadala. Ku: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, ii-eds. I-Neurology kaBradley kwiKlinikhi yokuziqhelanisa. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 58.

IKrumholz A, iStern BJ. Sarcoidosis yenkqubo luvo. Ku: Aminoff MJ, Josephson SW, ii-eds. I-Aminoff's Neurology kunye noNyango Jikelele. Umhla we-5. I-Waltham, MA: I-Elsevier yezeMfundo; 2014: isahluko 49.

UTavee JO, Stern BJ. Neurosarcoidosis. Iiklinikhi zesifuba iMed. 2015; 36 (4): 643-656. IINKCUKACHA: 26593139 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26593139.