Ingxaki yabantu abadala

I-cataract kukugcwala kwelensi yamehlo.

Iilensi zeso zihlala zicacile. Isebenza njengelensi yekhamera, igxile ekukhanyeni njengoko idlula ngasemva kweliso.

Kude kube umntu eneminyaka eyi-45, imilo yeelensi iyakwazi ukutshintsha. Oku kuvumela ilensi ukuba ijolise kwinto, nokuba ikufuphi okanye ikude.

Njengokuba umntu esiba mdala, iiproteni ezikwiilensi ziqala ukonakala. Ngenxa yoko, ilensi iba ngamafu. Oko kubonakala ngamehlo kusenokubonakala kufiphele. Le meko yaziwa ngokuba ngamehlo.

Izinto ezinokukhawulezisa ukwakheka kwekati yile:

• Seswekile
• Ukudumba kwamehlo
• Ukulimala kwamehlo
• Imbali yosapho yekati
• Ukusetyenziswa kwexesha elide kwe-corticosteroids (ethathwe ngomlomo) okanye amanye amayeza
• Ukuvezwa kwemitha
• Ukutshaya
• Utyando lwenye ingxaki yamehlo
• Ukukhanya kakhulu kukukhanya kwelanga (ilanga)

I-Cataract ikhula kancinci kwaye ingenabuhlungu. Umbono kwiliso elichaphazelekayo ucotha kancinci.

• Ukusithwa kancinci kwelensi kuhlala kwenzeka emva kweminyaka engama-60. Kodwa ayinakubangela naziphi na iingxaki zombono.
• Ngeminyaka engama-75 ubudala, uninzi lwabantu luneekati ezichaphazela umbono wabo.

Iingxaki ngokubona zinokubandakanya:

• Ukuba novakalelo kwilitha
• Kunamafu, kuyabhida, kukungaboni, okanye umbono we-filmy
• Kunzima ukubona ebusuku okanye ekukhanyeni okuluzizi
• Umbono kabini
• Ukuphulukana nobungakanani bombala
• Iingxaki zokubona imilo ngokuchasene nemvelaphi okanye umahluko phakathi kwee-shades zemibala
• Ukubona iihalos ezijikeleze izibane
• Utshintsho olwenzeka rhoqo kwimigqaliselo yeglasi

I-Cataract ikhokelela ekunciphiseni kombono, nokuba sekumini. Uninzi lwabantu abaneengxaki zamehlo baneenguqu ezifanayo emehlweni omabini, nangona iliso elinye linokuba libi kunelinye. Rhoqo kukho umbono otshintshayo.

Ukuvavanywa kwamehlo okuqhelekileyo kunye nokuhlolwa kwesibane esisetyenzisiweyo kusetyenziselwa ukufumanisa isifo samehlo. Olunye uvavanyo alufane lufuneke, ngaphandle kokulawula ezinye izizathu zokungaboni kakuhle.

Ukuqala kwamehlo, ugqirha wamehlo (ophthalmologist) unokucebisa oku kulandelayo:

• Utshintsho kugqirha wamehlo
• Ukukhanya okungcono
• Iilensi ezikhulisa
• Izibuko zelanga

Njengokuba umbono usiba mandundu, kungafuneka wenze utshintsho ekhayeni ukuthintela ukuwa kunye nokwenzakala.

Olona nyango kunyango lwesikizi kukulususa. Ukuba i-cataract ayenzi kube nzima kuwe ukubona, utyando aludingeki. I-cataract ihlala ingalimazi iliso, ke ngoko unokuhlinzwa xa wena nogqirha wakho wamehlo nibona ukuba kulungile. Utyando luhlala lucetyiswa xa ungakwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yesiqhelo njengokuqhuba, ukufunda, okanye ukujonga iikhompyuter okanye ividiyo, nokuba ziiglasi.

Abanye abantu banokuba nezinye iingxaki zamehlo, ezinje ngesifo seswekile, ezinganyangekiyo ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa kuqala.

Umbono awunakuphuculwa ukuya kwi-20/20 emva kotyando lwe-cataract ukuba ezinye izifo zamehlo, ezinje ngokuhla kwe-macular, zikhona. Ugqirha wamehlo uhlala ekumisela oku kwangaphambili.

Ukuxilongwa kwangoko kunye nokunyanga okufanelekileyo ngexesha elifanelekileyo kubalulekile ekuthinteleni iingxaki zombono osisigxina.

Nangona kunqabile, i-cataract eqhubeka ukuya kwinqanaba eliphambili (elibizwa ngokuba yi-hypermature cataract) inokuqala ukuvuza kwezinye iindawo zeliso. Oku kunokubangela uhlobo olubuhlungu lwe-glaucoma kunye nokudumba ngaphakathi kwamehlo.

Biza ixesha lokuqeshwa kunye nengcali yakho yokhathalelo lwamehlo ukuba unayo:

• Ukuhla kombono ebusuku
• Iingxaki ngelitha
• Ukulahleka kombono

Olona thintelo lubalaseleyo kukulawula izifo ezonyusa umngcipheko wokuba ngamehlo. Ukuthintela ukubonakaliswa kwezinto ezikhuthaza ukwakheka kwe-cataract nako kunokunceda. Umzekelo, ukuba uyatshaya, ngoku lixesha lokuba uyeke. Kwakhona, xa ungaphandle, nxiba izibuko zelanga ukukhusela amehlo akho kwimitha eyingozi ye-UV.

Ukukhanya kwelensi; I-cataract enxulumene nobudala; Ukuphulukana nombono - cataract

• I-cataract - yintoni ongayibuza ugqirha wakho

• Iliso
• Uvavanyo lwesibane
• I-Cataract - ukuvala iliso
• Utyando lweCataract - uthotho

Iwebhusayithi yaseAmerican Academy yeOphthalmology. Iipateni zokuziqhelanisa ezikhethiweyo zeCataract kunye nePhaneli yeCandelo elingaphambili, iZiko leHoskins loKhathalelo lweMiso oluMgangatho. I-Cataract kwiliso labantu abadala i-PPP-2016. Www.aao.org/preferred-practice-pattern/cataract-in-adult-eye-ppp-2016. Ukuhlaziywa kwe-Okthobha ka-2016. Ifikeleleke ngoSeptemba 4, 2019.

Kwiwebhusayithi yeZiko leLiso leLizwe. Iinyani malunga neekati. www.nei.nih.gov/health/cataract/cataract_facts. Ukuhlaziywa kukaSeptemba 2015. Ifikeleleke ngoSeptemba 4, 2019.

I-Wevill M. Epidemiology, i-pathophysiology, oonobangela, i-morphology, kunye neempawu ezibonakalayo zekati. Ku: Yanoff M, Duker JS, ii-eds. Ophthalmology. Umhla we-5. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2019: isahluko 5.3.