Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwehypothalamic

Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-Hypothalamic yingxaki yenxalenye yengqondo ebizwa ngokuba yihypothalamus. Ihypothalamus inceda ukulawula i-pituitary gland kwaye ilawula imisebenzi emininzi yomzimba.

I-hypothalamus inceda ukugcina imisebenzi yangaphakathi yomzimba ibhalansi. Inceda ukumisela:

• Ukutya kunye nobunzima
• Ubushushu bomzimba
• Ukubeleka
• Iimvakalelo, isimilo, inkumbulo
• Ukukhula
• Ukuveliswa kobisi lwebele
• Ukulingana kwetyuwa kunye namanzi
• Ukuqhuba ngesondo
• Umjikelo wokulala kunye newotshi yomzimba

Omnye umsebenzi obalulekileyo wehypothalamus kukulawula idlala lengqula. I-pituitary yindlala encinci emazantsi engqondo. Ilele nje ngezantsi kwehypothalamus. I-pituitary, yona, ilawula oku:

• Amadlala adrenal
• Amaqanda
• Uvavanyo
• Idlala lengqula

Zininzi izinto ezibangela ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-hypothalamic. Ezona zixhaphakileyo lutyando, ukonzakala kwengqondo ebuhlungu, amathumba kunye nemitha.

Ezinye izizathu zibandakanya:

• Iingxaki zesondlo, ezinje ngengxaki yokutya (anorexia), ukwehla komzimba kakhulu
• Iingxaki zeempahla zegazi kwingqondo, njenge-aneurysm, i-pituitary apoplexy, i-subarachnoid hemorrhage
• Ukuphazamiseka kwemfuza, njengePrader-Willi syndrome, usapho onesifo seswekile, i-Kallmann syndrome
• Usulelo kunye nokudumba (ukudumba) ngenxa yezifo ezithile zomzimba

Iimpawu zihlala zibangelwa zihomoni okanye imiqondiso yengqondo engekhoyo. Kubantwana, kunokubakho iingxaki ekukhuleni, nokuba kukhulu kakhulu okanye kukhule kancinci. Kwabanye abantwana, ukufikisa kwenzeka ngaphambi kwexesha okanye emva kwexesha.

Iimpawu zesisu zingabandakanya intloko okanye ukulahleka kombono.

Ukuba i-thyroid ichaphazelekayo, kunokubakho iimpawu ze-thyroid engasebenzi (hypothyroidism). Iimpawu zinokubandakanya ukuziva ubanda ngalo lonke ixesha, ukuqhina, ukudinwa, okanye ukutyeba, phakathi kwabanye.

Ukuba iidrenal gland ziyachaphazeleka, kunokubakho iimpawu zomsebenzi ophantsi we-adrenal. Iimpawu zinokubandakanya ukudinwa, ukuba buthathaka, ukungakuthandi ukutya, ukwehla kobunzima, kunye nokungabikho komdla kwimisebenzi.

Umboneleli wezempilo uya kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba kwaye abuze malunga neempawu zakho.

Uvavanyo lwegazi okanye umchamo unokuyalelwa ukumisela amanqanaba ehomoni anje ngala:

• ICortisol
• Estrogen
• Ukukhula kwehomoni
• Iihomoni zepituitary
• IProlactin
• Testosterone
• Idlala lengqula
• Isodium
• Igazi kunye nomchamo osmolality
  

Olunye uvavanyo olunokubakho lubandakanya:

• Inaliti yeHormone ilandelwa ziisampuli zexesha elifanelekileyo
• I-MRI okanye i-CT scans yengqondo
• Uvavanyo lwamehlo endle ebonakalayo (ukuba kukho ithumba)

Unyango luxhomekeke kwisizathu sokungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-hypothalamic:

• Kwizilonda, ukuhlinzwa okanye i-radiation ingafuneka.
• Ukusilela kwehomoni, iihomoni ezingekhoyo kufuneka zitshintshwe ngokuthatha amayeza. Oku kuyasebenza kwiingxaki zepituitary, kunye netyuwa kunye nokulinganisela kwamanzi.
• Amayeza ahlala engasebenzi kutshintsho lobushushu okanye kumgaqo wokulala.
• Amanye amayeza anokunceda kwiingxaki ezinxulumene nommiselo wokutya.

Uninzi lwezinto ezibangela ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-hypothalamic ziyanyangeka. Uninzi lwexesha, iihomoni ezingekhoyo zinokutshintshwa.

Iingxaki zokungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-hypothalamic kuxhomekeke kwisizathu.

IZIPHUMO ZOBUCHOPHO

• Ubumfama obungapheliyo
• Iingxaki ezinxulumene nendawo yengqondo apho kwenzeka khona ithumba
• Ukuphazamiseka kombono
• Iingxaki zokulawula ityuwa kunye nokulinganisela kwamanzi

INTSHAYELELO

• Iingxaki zentliziyo
• Cholesterol ephezulu

UKUNGENELELEKI OKONGEZELELWEYO

• Ukungakwazi ukujongana noxinzelelo (njengotyando okanye usulelo), olunokubusongela ubomi ngokubangela uxinzelelo lwegazi

UKUSELEKA KWESINI NGESONDO

• Isifo sentliziyo
• Iingxaki zokwakhiwa
• Ukungachumi
• Amathambo amancinci (i-osteoporosis)
• Iingxaki ukuncancisa

UKWANDA KWEHORMONE

• Cholesterol ephezulu
• Unyango
• Ubume obufutshane (ebantwaneni)
• Ubuthathaka

Fowunela umnikezeli wakho ukuba unayo:

• Intloko ebuhlungu
• Iimpawu zokugqithisa kwehomoni okanye ukusilela
• Iingxaki zombono

Ukuba unempawu zokusilela kwehomoni, xoxa ngonyango olunokubuyiselwa kunye nomboneleli wakho.

Iimpawu zehypothalamic syndromes

• Inkqubo ye-nervous central kunye ne-peripheral system
• IHypothalamus

UGiustina A, uBraunstein GD. Iimpawu zehypothalamic syndromes. Ku: Jameson JL, De Groot LJ, de Kretser DM, et al, ii-eds. Endocrinology: Abantu abadala kunye nabantwana. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 10.

IWeiss RE. I-Neuroendocrinology kunye nenkqubo ye-neuroendocrine. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ii-eds. Amayeza eGoldman-Cecil. Ngomhla wama-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2020: isahluko 210.