Ukuhlaselwa komzimba kunye neAnaphylaxis: Iimpawu kunye nonyango

Umxholo

• Uncedo lokuqala lwe-anaphylaxis
• Ukuzinceda
• Uncedo lokuqala kwabanye
• Ukubaluleka konyango
• Iimpawu ze-anaphylaxis
• Izinto ezibangela kunye noonobangela be-anaphylaxis
• Ebantwaneni
• Kubantu abadala
• Iindidi ze-anaphylaxis
• Ukuphendula kwe-Uniphasic
• Ukuphendula kweBiphasic
• Ukuphendula okungapheliyo
• Iingxaki ze-anaphylaxis
• Imbonakalo

Ukuqonda ukuhlaselwa komzimba kunye ne-anaphylaxis

Ngelixa uninzi lwee-aleji azinzulu kwaye zinokulawulwa ngamayeza aqhelekileyo, ezinye izinto ezingahambelaniyo komzimba zinokubangela iingxaki ezisongela ubomi. Enye yezi ngxaki zisongela ubomi ibizwa ngokuba yi-anaphylaxis.

I-Anaphylaxis sisenzo esibi, somzimba wonke esibandakanya inkqubo yentliziyo kunye nokujikeleza, imiphunga, ulusu kunye neendlela zokugaya ukutya. Inokuchaphazela namehlo kunye nenkqubo yovalo ngokunjalo.

Uhlaselo olunzima lokungabikho komzimba lunokuqaliswa ngokutya, njengamantongomane, ubisi, ingqolowa okanye amaqanda. Inokunxulunyaniswa nokuhlatywa zizinambuzane okanye amayeza athile.

Unyango kwangoko luyafuneka ukukhusela ukusabela okubi kakhulu ekubeni kubi.

Uncedo lokuqala lwe-anaphylaxis

Uninzi lwabantu olwaziyo lokugula kakhulu luneeyeza ezibizwa ngokuba yi-epinephrine, okanye i-adrenaline. Oku kutofelwe kwisihlunu nge "auto-injector" kwaye kulula ukuyisebenzisa.

Isebenza ngokukhawuleza emzimbeni ukunyusa uxinzelelo lwegazi, ukuvuselela intliziyo yakho, ukunciphisa ukudumba, kunye nokuphucula ukuphefumla. Yonyango olukhethiweyo lwe-anaphylaxis.

Ukuzinceda

Ukuba ufumana i-anaphylaxis, yenza i-epinephrine shot ngoko nangoko. Zitofe ethangeni ngeziphumo ezilungileyo.

Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nexesha lenaliti yakho. Ezinye iingcali zincoma ukusebenzisa i-epinephrine shot ngokukhawuleza xa uqaphela ukuba uvezwe kwi-allergen, kunokuba ulinde iimpawu.

Uya kuthi emva koko uqhubeke kwigumbi likaxakeka (ER) njengokulandela. Esibhedlele, uya kuthi unikwe ioksijini, ii-antihistamines, kunye ne-intravenous (IV) corticosteroids-ngesiqhelo imethylprednisolone.

Kuya kufuneka ujongwe esibhedlele ukuze ubeke iliso kunyango lwakho kwaye ujonge nayiphi na enye impendulo.

Uncedo lokuqala kwabanye

Ukuba ucinga ukuba omnye umntu une-anaphylaxis, thatha la manyathelo kwangoko:

• Cela umntu ukuba abize uncedo lwezonyango. Tsalela u-911 okanye iinkonzo zongxamiseko zengingqi ukuba uwedwa.
• Buza umntu ukuba uphethe i-epinephrine auto-injor. Ukuba kunjalo, bancede ngokwemiyalelo yeelebhile. Sukulawula i-epinephrine kumntu ongamiselwanga iyeza.
• Mncede umntu ukuba azole kwaye alale ngokuzolileyo imilenze yakhe iphakanyisiwe. Ukuba ukugabha kuyenzeka, jika kwicala labo ukuthintela ukuminxeka. Musa ukubanika nantoni na ukuba basele.
• Ukuba umntu uye wangabikho zingqondweni kwaye wayeka ukuphefumla, qala i-CPR, kwaye uqhubeke de kufike uncedo lonyango. Yiya apha ukuze ufumane imiyalelo yenyathelo nenyathelo yokwenza iCPR.

Ukubaluleka konyango

Kubalulekile ukuba ufumane unyango ngenxa yokuhlaselwa kakhulu, nokuba umntu uqala ukuphola.

Kwiimeko ezininzi, iimpawu zinokuphucula ekuqaleni kodwa zibuye zibi ngokukhawuleza emva kwexesha. Unonophelo lwezonyango luyimfuneko ukukhusela ukuphindaphinda kokuhlaselwa.

Iimpawu ze-anaphylaxis

Ukuqala kwe-anaphylaxis kuyakhawuleza. Unokufumana impendulo kwimizuzwana nje yokubhenceka kwinto ongadibani nayo. Okwangoku, uxinzelelo lwegazi luya kuncipha ngokukhawuleza kwaye iindlela zakho zomoya ziya kuncipha.

Iimpawu ze-anaphylaxis zibandakanya:

• isisu esiswini
• ukubetha kwentliziyo
• isicaphucaphu nokugabha
• ukudumba kobuso, imilebe, okanye umqala
• iimpendulo zesikhumba ezinje ngemijiba, ukurhawuzelela, okanye ukuchuba
• iingxaki zokuphefumla
• isiyezi okanye isiqaqa
• ukubetha okubuthathaka nokukhawulezayo
• uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi (hypotension)
• ulusu oluthuthu
• iintshukumo zokuphambuka, ngakumbi ebantwaneni

Izinto ezibangela kunye noonobangela be-anaphylaxis

I-Anaphylaxis ibangelwa yi-allergies-kodwa ayinguye wonke umntu one-allergies onale mpendulo. Abantu abaninzi banamava okwaliwa, anokubandakanya:

• impumlo enemifinya
• Ukuthimla
• ukurhawuzelela amehlo okanye ulusu
• irhashalala
• umbefu

Izifo ezinokubangela ukuba amajoni akho omzimba atyhafise kubandakanya:

• ukutya
• umungu
• iintsholongwane zothuli
• ukungunda
• dander kwizilwanyana zasekhaya ezifana neekati okanye izinja
• ukulunywa sisinambuzane, njengaleyo ivela kwiingcongconi, oonomeva, okanye iinyosi
• Irhafu
• amayeza

Xa udibana ne-allergen, umzimba wakho uthatha ukuba ngumhlaseli welinye ilizwe kwaye amajoni omzimba akhupha izinto zokulwa nazo. Ezi zinto zikhokelela ekubeni ezinye iiseli zikhuphe imichiza, ebangela ukungazwani komzimba kunye notshintsho kuwo wonke umzimba.

Ebantwaneni

Ngokwe-European Centre yeAllergy Research Foundation (i-ECARF), oyena nobangela uqhelekileyo we-anaphylaxis ebantwaneni kukungavani nokutya. Ukutya okuqhelekileyo kokutya kubandakanya oku:

• amandongomane
• ubisi
• ingqolowa
• amantongomthi omthi
• amaqanda
• ukutya kwaselwandle

Abantwana ngabona basesichengeni sokufumana ukutya xa bengekho ekhaya. Kubalulekile ukuba wazise bonke abakhathalelayo malunga nokutya kokutya komntwana wakho.

Kwakhona, fundisa umntwana wakho ukuba angaze amkele izinto ezibhakiweyo ezenziwe ekhaya okanye nakuphi na ukutya okunokuqulatha izinto ezingaziwayo.

Kubantu abadala

Kubantu abadala, oonobangela abaqhelekileyo be-anaphylaxis kukutya, amayeza, kunye netyhefu yokulunywa zizinambuzane.

Unokuba semngciphekweni we-anaphylaxis ukuba ngaba uxabana nawo nawaphi na amayeza, afana ne-aspirin, i-penicillin, kunye nezinye i-antibiotics.

Iindidi ze-anaphylaxis

I-Anaphylaxis ligama elibanzi lale mpendulo. Ngapha koko, inokwaphulwa ibe zii-subtypes. Ulwahlulo olwahlukileyo lusekwe kwindlela ezenzeka ngayo izinto kunye neempendulo.

Ukuphendula kwe-Uniphasic

Olu lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lweanaphylaxis. Ukuqala kwempendulo kunokuba kukhawuleze, kunye neempawu zokuqaqamba malunga nemizuzu engama-30 emva kokubhencwa kwi-allergen.

Kuqikelelwa ukuba iipesenti ezingama-80 ukuya kuma-90 zawo onke amatyala aphelela ekubeni ziimpawu ezingahambelaniyo.

Ukuphendula kweBiphasic

Impendulo ye-biphasic yenzeka emva kwamava okuqala e-anaphylaxis, ngokubanzi phakathi kwe-1 ukuya kwiiyure ezingama-72 emva kohlaselo lokuqala. Oku kwenzeka rhoqo kwiiyure ezisi-8 ukuya kwezi-10 emva kokuba impendulo yakho yokuqala yenzekile.

Ukuphendula okungapheliyo

Olu lolona hlobo lude lokuphendula. Kule mpendulo, iimpawu ze-anaphylaxis ziyaqhubeka kwaye kunzima ukuzinyanga, ngamanye amaxesha zihlala iiyure ezingama-24 okanye nangaphezulu ngaphandle kokuxazulula ngokupheleleyo.

Oku kusabela kuqhelekile kakhulu. Ukuqhubeka koxinzelelo lwegazi olunokwenzeka kunokubakho kwaye kwandiswe ukulaliswa esibhedlele kunokuba yimfuneko.

Iingxaki ze-anaphylaxis

Xa ishiywe inganyangwa, i-anaphylaxis inokukhokelela kukothuka kwe-anaphylactic. Le yimeko eyingozi apho uxinzelelo lwegazi lwehla kwaye iindlela zakho zomoya zincinci kwaye zidumbile, kuthintela ukuphefumla kwakho. Intliziyo yakho inokuma xa wothukile ngenxa yokuhamba gazi okungalunganga.

Kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, i-anaphylaxis inokubangela ukufa. Unyango olukhawulezileyo nge-epinephrin lunokuthintela iziphumo ezisongela ubomi ze-anaphylaxis. Funda ngakumbi malunga nefuthe le-anaphylaxis.

Imbonakalo

Umbono we-anaphylaxis ulungile xa kuthathwa amanyathelo onyango kwangoko. Ukugcina ixesha nantsi eyona nto iphambili. I-Anaphylaxis inokungqina ukubulala ukuba ishiywe inganyangwa.

Ukuba une-aleji ebukhali, kuya kufuneka ugcine i-epinephrine auto-injector ngesandla kwimeko yokuvezwa kunye ne-anaphylaxis. Ukulawulwa rhoqo ngoncedo lwe-allergist nako kunokunceda.

Gwema i-allergen eyaziwayo xa kunokwenzeka. Kwakhona, landela ugqirha wakho ukuba ukrokrela nayiphi na imvakalelo kwezinye izinto ezingafunyaniswanga.