Umhlaza wamatyhalarha: iimpawu ezintlanu eziphambili, oonobangela kunye nonyango

Umxholo

• Iimpawu ezinokubakho zomhlaza wamatyhalarha
• Indlela yokuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa
• Unobangela onokubangela umhlaza wamatyhalarha
• Unyango lwenziwa njani
• Ngaba unyango lubangela ukungachumi?
• Amanqanaba omhlaza wamatyhalarha

Umhlaza wamatyhalarha luhlobo olunqabileyo lwethumba olubonakala ikakhulu kubantu abancinci abaphakathi kweminyaka eli-15 nengama-35 ubudala. Ukongeza, umhlaza wamatyhalarha uxhaphake kakhulu emadodeni asele ehluphekile kwingingqi, njengakwimbaleki, umzekelo.

Umhlaza uhlala ukhula ngaphandle kweempawu kwaye, ke, kunokuba nzima ukuwuchonga. Nangona kunjalo, ezona zixhaphakileyo zibandakanya:

1. Ubukho bamaqhuqhuva anzima kwaye ayinantlungu malunga nobukhulu bepea;
2. Ukwanda kobukhulu kwaye, ngenxa yoko, ubunzima bamatyhalarha;
3. Ukwandiswa kwebele okanye ubuntununtunu kulo mmandla;
4. Isende elinzima kunomnye;
5. Intlungu engqina xa uziva okanye ubuhlungu kwityhalarha emva konxibelelwano olusenyongweni.

Eyona ndlela yokuchonga iimpawu zomhlaza kukuzivavanya rhoqo amasende ebhafini, umzekelo, njengoko kunceda ekuboneni utshintsho olwenzeka kwangoko olunokuthi lube ngumhlaza.

Jonga inyathelo ngenyathelo lokwenza uviwo lokuzivavanya ngokuchanekileyo okanye ubukele ividiyo:

Kwimeko yotshintsho ekuzihloleni ngokwakho, kuyacetyiswa ukuba uqhagamshelane nogqirha wezamayeza kwiimvavanyo zokuqonda isifo, ezinje nge-ultrasound, uvavanyo oluthile lwegazi okanye itomografi, ukuqinisekisa isifo kwaye uqalise unyango olufanelekileyo, ukuba kukho imfuneko.

Kukho nezinye iingxaki zamatyhalarha ezinokubangela iimpawu ezifanayo kakhulu nomhlaza, ngakumbi ubukho besigaqa, kodwa eziluphawu lweemeko ezingathandekiyo, ezinje nge-epididymitis, i-cysts okanye i-varicocele, kodwa ekufuneka inyangwe ngokufanelekileyo. Jonga ezinye izizathu ezisi-7 zesigaxa kwityhalarha.

Iimpawu ezinokubakho zomhlaza wamatyhalarha

Xa umhlaza sele ukwinqanaba eliphambili, unokuphelela ekusasazeni kwamanye amalungu omzimba kwaye uvelise ezinye iimpawu ezinje:

• Iintlungu eziqhubekayo emazantsi omqolo;
• Ukuziva uphefumla kancinci okanye ukhohlela rhoqo;
• Iintlungu eziqhubekayo esiswini;
• Rhoqo intloko okanye ukudideka.

Ezi mpawu zinqabile kwaye zihlala zibonisa ukuba umhlaza usasazekile kwezinye iisayithi ezinje nge-lymph node, imiphunga, isibindi okanye ingqondo, umzekelo.

Okwangoku, umhlaza kunzima kakhulu ukuwulwa, nangona kunjalo, unyango lwenziwa ukuzama ukunciphisa ubungakanani besilonda kunye nokunciphisa iimpawu.

Indlela yokuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa

Eyona ndlela yokuqinisekisa ukuba umhlaza wamatyhalarha ukho ngokwenene kukubona ugqirha. Ugqirha, ukongeza kokwenza uvavanyo lomzimba, echonga iimpawu kunye nokuqinisekisa imbali yosapho, unokuyalela i-ultrasound okanye uvavanyo lwegazi ukuqinisekisa ubukho bomhlaza. Ukongeza, unokwenza i-biopsy yethishu kwelinye lamasende, ukuba kubonakala ngathi lukhona utshintsho olucebisa umhlaza.

Unobangela onokubangela umhlaza wamatyhalarha

Unobangela womhlaza wamatyhalarha awukaqondwa ngokupheleleyo, nangona kunjalo, kukho izinto ezithile ezibonakala ngathi zonyusa umngcipheko wendoda wokukhula kolu hlobo lomhlaza. Ezona ziphambili zezi:

• Ukuba ne-testicle engakhange yehle;
• Ukuba nembali yosapho yomhlaza wamatyhalarha;
• Ukuba nomhlaza kwisende;
• Yiba phakathi kweminyaka engama-20 nengama-34 ubudala.

Ukongeza, ukuba yiCaucasian kukwabonakala ngathi kukonyusa umngcipheko wokuba nolu hlobo lomhlaza ukuya kumaxesha ama-5, xa kuthelekiswa nomdyarho omnyama, umzekelo.

Unyango lwenziwa njani

Unyango lomhlaza wamatyhalarha luxhomekeke ekuhambeni kwesi sifo, kuba sinokwahluka phakathi kweradiotherapy, ichemotherapy okanye utyando. Nangona kunjalo, umhlaza wamatyhalarha uyanyangeka kwiimeko ezininzi, nokuba sele kwenziwe i-metastases.

Ke, unyango luhlala luqala ngotyando lokususa ityhalarha elichaphazelekayo kunye nazo zonke iiseli zomhlaza, zanele kwiimeko ezingaphuhliswanga kakhulu zomhlaza. Kwiimeko ezihambele phambili, nangona kunjalo, kunokuba yimfuneko ukuba ufumane i-radiotherapy okanye i-chemotherapy emva kotyando, ukuphelisa iiseli zethumba ezisele zisenokuba zihlala.

Emva konyango, i-urologist yonyula amaxesha amaninzi ukuba kuvavanywe igazi kunye ne-CT scan, ukuvavanya ukuba umhlaza ususwe ngokupheleleyo na.

Ngaba unyango lubangela ukungachumi?

Ngokubanzi, indoda ayikwazi kuzala kuphela xa kufuneka kususwe omabini amasende, okwenzeka kwiimeko ezimbalwa. Nangona kunjalo, kwezi meko kunokwenzeka ukuba kugcinwe isidoda esithile kwiilebhu ezikhethekileyo ngaphambi kotyando, ezinokuthi zisetyenziselwe ukwenza amadlozi angengowamvelo, umzekelo, ukuvumela abantwana ukuba bazalwe.

Amanqanaba omhlaza wamatyhalarha

Kukho amanqanaba amane aphambili kuphuhliso lomhlaza wamatyhalarha:

• Ibala le-0: Umhlaza ufunyanwa kuphela kwii-tubules eziseminiferous ngaphakathi kwe-testis kwaye awuzange usasazeke kwamanye amalungu, nakwiindawo ze-lymph nodes.
• Ibala IIiseli zomhlaza zikhule ngaphandle kwee-seminiferous tubules kwaye, ke, zinokuchaphazela izakhiwo ezikufutshane ne-testis, nangona kunjalo, umhlaza awukafikeleli kwii-lymph node;
• Kwibala lemidlalo IIUmhlaza usenokuba ukhule ngaphandle kwetyhalarha okanye ubungakanani abunakuvavanywa ngokuchanekileyo. Ukongeza, inokuba isasazeke kwenye okanye kwii-lymph node;
• Ibala IIIUmhlaza usenokuba ukhule ngaphandle kwamatyhalarha, kodwa ubukhulu abunakuvavanywa ngokuchanekileyo. Umhlaza usenokuba ufikelele kwii-lymph node nakwezinye izakhiwo ezikufuphi.

Ngokwesiqhelo, inqanaba lomhlaza liqhubela phambili, unyango kunokuba nzima, kwaye kunokuba yimfuneko ukukhupha amasende ukuze ufumane unyango.