Dermatomyositis: yintoni, iimpawu kunye nonyango

Umxholo

• Iimpawu eziphambili
• Uxilongo lwenziwa njani
• Unyango njani

I-Dermatomyositis sisifo esinqabileyo sokudumba esichaphazela ikakhulu izihlunu nolusu, esibangela ubuthathaka bemisipha kunye nezilonda zesikhumba. Iyenzeka rhoqo kwabasetyhini kwaye ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abadala, kodwa inokubonakala kubantu abangaphantsi kweminyaka eli-16, ekubizwa ngokuba yidermatomyositis yobuntwana.

Ngamanye amaxesha, i-dermatomyositis inxulunyaniswa nomhlaza, onokuba ngumqondiso wophuhliso lweentlobo ezithile zomhlaza ezinje ngemiphunga, ibele, i-ovari, iprostate kunye nomhlaza wekolon. Inokudityaniswa nezinye izifo zokungakhuseleki, ezinje nge-scleroderma kunye nezifo ezixubileyo zezihlunu, umzekelo. Qonda ukuba yintoni i-scleroderma.

Oonobangela besi sifo banemvelaphi yokuzimela, apho iiseli zomzimba zokhuselo zihlasela izihlunu kwaye zibangele ukudumba kolusu, kwaye, nangona isizathu soku kungaphendulwa ngokupheleleyo, kuyaziwa ukuba sinxulumene nemfuzo. utshintsho, okanye ukuphenjelelwa kukusetyenziswa kwamayeza athile okanye usulelo lwentsholongwane. I-Dermatomyositis ayinyangi, kwaye ke sisifo esinganyangekiyo, nangona kunjalo, unyango lwe-corticosteroids okanye iziyobisi ezikhuselayo zinokunceda ukulawula iimpawu.

Iimpawu eziphambili

Iimpawu zedermatomyositis zinokubandakanya:

• Ubuthathaka bemisipha, ngakumbi kwimimandla ye-scapular, ye-pelvic kunye neyomlomo wesibeleko, ngokulandelelana kunye nokukhula ngokuthe ngcembe;
• Ukubonakala kwamabala okanye amaqhuma amancinci abomvu eluswini, ngakumbi kumalungu eminwe, iingqiniba kunye namadolo, abizwa ngokuba luphawu lukaGottron okanye iipapuli;
• Amabala e-Violet kwiinkophe eziphezulu, ezibizwa ngokuba yi-heliotrope;
• Iintlungu ezidibeneyo kunye nokudumba;
• Ifiva;
• Ukudinwa;
• Kunzima ukugwinya;
• Intlungu yesisu;
• Ukuphalaza;
• Ukuhla ukusinda.

Ngokubanzi, abantu abanesi sifo banokufumana kunzima ukwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla enjengokukama iinwele zabo, ukuhamba, ukunyuka izitepsi okanye ukuphakama esitulweni. Ukongeza, iimpawu zolusu zinokuba mandundu ngokuvezwa lilanga.

Kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, okanye xa i-dermatomyositis ibonakala inxibelelene nezinye izifo ezizimela komzimba, amanye amalungu anjengentliziyo, imiphunga okanye izintso anokuchaphazeleka, achaphazele ukusebenza kwawo kwaye abangele iingxaki ezinkulu.

Uxilongo lwenziwa njani

Ukuchongwa kwedermatomyositis kwenziwa ngokuvavanywa kweempawu zesifo, ukuvavanywa komzimba kunye neemvavanyo ezinje nge-muscle biopsy, i-electromyography okanye uvavanyo lwegazi ukubona ubukho bezinto ezibonisa ukutshatyalaliswa kwezihlunu, ezinje nge-CPK, DHL okanye i-AST iimvavanyo, umzekelo. umzekelo.

Kukho ukuveliswa kwee-autoantibodies, ezinjenge-myositis-specific antibodies (MSAs), anti-RNP okanye anti MJ, umzekelo. enokufunyanwa kumanani aphezulu kuvavanyo lwegazi.

Ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa, kufuneka ugqirha ukwahlula iimpawu zedermatomyositis kwezinye izifo ezibangela iimpawu ezifanayo, ezinje nge-polymyositis okanye i-myositis enamaqumrhu afakwayo, ikwayizifo ezikruthayo zezihlunu. Ezinye izifo ekufuneka zithathelwe ingqalelo yi-myofascitis, necrotizing myositis, polymyalgia rheumatica okanye ukudumba okubangelwa ngamayeza, afana ne-clofibrate, simvastatin okanye i-amphotericin, umzekelo.

Unyango njani

Unyango lwe-dermatomyositis lwenziwa ngokweempawu eziboniswe zizigulana, kodwa kwiimeko ezininzi kubandakanya ukusetyenziswa:

• ICorticosteroids njengePrednisone, njengoko benciphisa ukudumba emzimbeni;
• Amajoni omzimba njengeMethotrexate, iAzathioprine, iMycophenolate okanye iCyclophosphamide, ukunciphisa ukuphendula kwamajoni omzimba;
• Olunye ulungiso, ezinje ngeHydroxychloroquine, njengoko ziluncedo ekunciphiseni iimpawu zesikhumba, ezinje ngobuzaza bokukhanya, umzekelo.

La machiza ahlala ethathwa ngeedosi eziphezulu kunye nexesha elide, kwaye aneziphumo zokunciphisa inkqubo yokuvuvukala kunye nokunciphisa iimpawu zesifo. Xa la machiza engasebenzi, enye indlela kukulawula i-immunoglobulin yabantu.

Kuyenzeka ukuba wenze iiseshoni ze-physiotherapy, kunye nokuzilolonga okunceda ukukhulula iimpawu kunye nokuthintela isivumelwano kunye nokubuyisa. Ukubonwa kweefotrotrot kukwaboniswa, kunye nezikhuseli elangeni, ukuthintela ukwanda kwezilonda kulusu.

Xa i-dermatomyositis inxulunyaniswa nomhlaza, olona nyango lufanelekileyo kukunyanga umhlaza, okuhlala kubangela ukuba iimpawu kunye neempawu zesi sifo zikhululeke.