Ukuva ilahleko

Umxholo

• Yintoni Ebangela Ukuphulukana Nokuva?
• Ukuphulukana nokuva okusebenzayo
• Ukuphulukana nokuva ngeSensorineural (SNHL)
• Usulelo
• Amayeza eOtotoxic
• Ukuphulukana nokuva okuMxube
• Ziziphi iimpawu zokuva ilahleko?
• Zeziphi iindlela zokhetho zokuva ilahleko?
• Zithini iingxaki ezinxulunyaniswa nokuphulukana nokuva?
• Ndingakuthintela Njani Ukuphulukana Nokuva?

Ukuphulukana nokuva kuxa ungeke ukwazi ukuthobela ngokupheleleyo okanye ukuva ngokupheleleyo isandi kwenye okanye kuzo zombini iindlebe zakho. Ukuphulukana nokuva kwenzeka ngokuthe ngcembe ngokuhamba kwexesha. I-National Institute of Deafness kunye nezinye iingxaki zoNxibelelwano (i-NIDCD) inika ingxelo yokuba malunga neepesenti ezingama-25 zalabo abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-65 ukuya kuma-74 abanamava okuva.

Amanye amagama okuphulukana nendlebe ngala:

• ukunciphisa ukuva
• isithulu
• ukulahlekelwa kukuva
• ukulahleka kwendlebe

Amacandelo amathathu aphambili endlebe yindlebe yangaphandle, indlebe ephakathi, kunye nendlebe yangaphakathi. Ukuva kuqala xa amaza esandi edlula kwindlebe engaphandle iye eardrum, eliliqatha elibhityileyo lolusu phakathi kwendlebe yakho engaphandle naphakathi. Xa amaza esandi efikelela kwindlebe, indlebe iyangcangcazela.

Amathambo amathathu endlebe ephakathi abizwa ngokuba zii ossicles. Oku kubandakanya isando, isikhonkwane kunye neshushu. I-eardrum kunye ne-ossicles zisebenza kunye ukonyusa ukungcangcazela njengoko amaza esandi eqhubela phambili kwindlebe yangaphakathi.

Xa amaza esandi efikelela kwindlebe engaphakathi, ahamba kulwelo lwe <em> cochlea. Icochlea sisakhiwo esimile okweenkumba kwindlebe yangaphakathi. Kwi-cochlea, kukho iiseli zemithambo-luvo ezinamawakawaka eenwele ezincinane eziqhotyoshelwe kuzo. Ezi nwele zinceda ukuguqula isandi sokungcangcazela kwamaza sibe ziimpawu zombane ezihamba ziye kwingqondo yakho. Ingqondo yakho iguqulela le miqondiso yombane njengesandi. Iinyikima ezahlukeneyo zesandi zenza ukusabela okungafaniyo kwezi nwele zincinci, zibonisa izandi ezahlukeneyo kwingqondo yakho.

Yintoni Ebangela Ukuphulukana Nokuva?

Umbutho weAmerican Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA) uxela ukuba zintathu iintlobo zokulahleka kokuva, nganye yazo ibangelwa zizinto ezahlukeneyo. Oonobangela abathathu abaqhelekileyo bokuncipha kokuva kukulahleka kwendlebe, ukuva kwe-sensorineural ear hearing (SNHL), kunye nelahleko yokuva exubeneyo.

Ukuphulukana nokuva okusebenzayo

Ukulahleka kwendlebe okuqhubayo kwenzeka xa izandi zingakwazi ukuhamba ukusuka kwindlebe engaphandle ukuya kwindlebe kunye namathambo endlebe ephakathi. Xa olu hlobo lokulahleka kwendlebe lwenzeka, unokufumana kunzima ukuva izandi ezithambileyo okanye ezingavakaliyo. Ukuphulukana nokuva okungasoloko kuhlala ngokusisigxina. Ungenelelo lwezonyango lunokuyinyanga. Unyango lunokubandakanya i-antibiotics okanye ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa, njengokufakelwa kwe-cochlear. Ukufakwa kwe-cochlear ngumatshini omncinci wombane obekwe phantsi kolusu lwakho emva kwendlebe. Guqula ukungcangcazela kwesandi sibe ngumqondiso wombane onokuthi emva koko utolike njengesandi esinentsingiselo.

Ukulahleka kwendlebe okuqhubayo kunokuba sisiphumo se:

• usulelo lwendlebe
• Ukungabikho komzimba
• indlebe yokuqubha
• ukwakhiwa kwe-wax endlebeni

Into yangaphandle eye yabambeka endlebeni, izicubu ezinobungozi okanye ukunqunyulwa komsele wendlebe ngenxa yosulelo oluqhubekayo zizinto ezinokubangela ukulahleka kwendlebe.

Ukuphulukana nokuva ngeSensorineural (SNHL)

I-SNHL yenzeka xa kukho umonakalo kwizakhiwo zangaphakathi zeendlebe okanye kwiindlela zemithambo-luvo eziya kwingqondo. Olu hlobo lokulahlekelwa kwindlebe luhlala lusisigxina. I-SNHL yenza nokuba izandi ezahlukileyo, eziqhelekileyo, okanye ezivakalayo zibonakale ngathi azifakwanga okanye azicacanga.

I-SNHL inokubangela ukuba:

• iziphene zokuzalwa eziguqula ukwakheka kwendlebe
• ukwaluphala
• usebenza ujikeleze ingxolo enkulu
• ukwenzakala entloko okanye ukakayi
• Isifo sikaMeniere, esisiphazamiso sendlebe yangaphakathi enokuthi ichaphazele ukuva kunye nokulingana.
• i-acoustic neuroma, esisifo esingenomhlaza esikhula kwimithambo-luvo edibanisa indlebe nengqondo ebizwa ngokuba yi "vestibular cochlear nerve"

Usulelo

Usulelo olunje ngolu hlobo lulandelayo lunokonakalisa imithambo-luvo yendlebe kwaye lukhokele kwi-SNHL:

• imasisi
• meningitis
• uqwilikana
• umkhuhlane ombi

Amayeza eOtotoxic

Amanye amayeza, abizwa ngokuba ngamayeza e-ototoxic, anokubangela i-SNHL. Ngokwe-ASHA, kukho ngaphezulu kwe-200 ekhawuntareni kunye namayeza amiselweyo anokubangela ukulahleka kwendlebe. Ukuba uthatha amayeza omhlaza, isifo sentliziyo, okanye usulelo olubi, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga neengozi zokuva ezichaphazelekayo.

Ukuphulukana nokuva okuMxube

Ukulahleka kwendlebe okuxubileyo nako kunokwenzeka. Oku kwenzeka xa zombini ukulahleka kwendlebe kunye ne-SNHL kwenzeka ngaxeshanye.

Ziziphi iimpawu zokuva ilahleko?

Ukuva ilahleko kwenzeka ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ekuqaleni, usenokungaboni naluphi na utshintsho kwindlebe yakho. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba unazo naziphi na kwezi mpawu zilandelayo, kuya kufuneka unxibelelane nogqirha wakho:

• ukulahlekelwa kukuva okuphazamisa imisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla
• ukulahlekelwa kwindlebe okuba kubi okanye okungahambiyo
• ukulahlekelwa kwindlebe kubi ngakumbi kwindlebe enye
• ukulahleka ngokukhawuleza kwindlebe
• ukukhala endlebeni
• ukulahlekelwa ngamandla kwindlebe
• ukuba nentlungu yendlebe kunye neengxaki zokuva
• intloko ebuhlungu
• ukuba ndindisholo
• ubuthathaka

Kuya kufuneka ufune unyango olungxamisekileyo ukuba uneentloko, ukuba ndindisholo, okanye ubuthathaka kunye nokunye oku kulandelayo:

• Ukugodola
• ukuphefumla ngokukhawuleza
• ukuqina kwentamo
• ukugabha
• uvakalelo ekukhanyeni
• ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo

Ezi mpawu zinokwenzeka kwiimeko ezisongela ubomi ezifuna unyango kwangoko, ezinje nge-meningitis.

Zeziphi iindlela zokhetho zokuva ilahleko?

Ukuba uhlakulela ukulahlekelwa kwindlebe ngenxa yokwakhiwa kwe-wax kumsele wendlebe, ungayisusa i-wax ekhaya. Izisombululo ezingaphezulu kwekhawuntari, kubandakanya nezithambisi ze-wax, zinokususa i-wax kwindlebe. Iisirinji zinokutyhala amanzi afudumeleyo ngomsele wendlebe ukususa i-wax. Dibana nogqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuzama ukususa nayiphi na into enamathele endlebeni yakho ukunqanda ukonakalisa indlebe yakho ungaqondanga.

Ngezinye izizathu zokulahlekelwa kwindlebe, kuya kufuneka ubone ugqirha wakho. Ukuba ukulahleka kwakho kwindlebe sisiphumo sosulelo, ugqirha wakho unokufuna ukumisela amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane. Ukuba ukulahleka kwakho kwindlebe kungenxa yezinye iingxaki zokuva, ugqirha unokukuthumela kwingcali ukuba ufumane uncedo lokuva okanye ukufakelwa kwecochlear.

Zithini iingxaki ezinxulunyaniswa nokuphulukana nokuva?

Ukuphulukana nokuva kubonisiwe ukuba nefuthe elibi kubomi babantu kunye nakwimo yabo yengqondo. Ukuba uhlakulela ukulahlekelwa kwindlebe, unokuba nobunzima bokuqonda abanye. Oku kunokunyusa amanqanaba oxinzelelo lwakho okanye kubangele uxinzelelo. Unyango lokulahleka kwendlebe lunokubuphucula kakhulu ubomi bakho. Inokubuyisela ukuzithemba ngelixa ikwaphucula amandla akho okunxibelelana nabanye abantu.

Ndingakuthintela Njani Ukuphulukana Nokuva?

Ayizizo zonke iimeko zokuphulukana nendlebe ezinokuthintelwa. Nangona kunjalo, kukho amanyathelo aliqela onokuwathatha ukukhusela ukuva kwakho:

• Sebenzisa izixhobo zokhuselo ukuba usebenza kwiindawo ezinengxolo enkulu, kwaye nxiba ii-earplugs xa uqubha uye kwiikonsathi. IZiko leLizwe leZithulu kunye nokunye ukuphazamiseka koNxibelelwano linika ingxelo yokuba iipesenti ezili-15 zabantu abaneminyaka engama-20 ukuya kwengama-69 banamava okuva ngenxa yengxolo enkulu.
• Yiba novavanyo lokuva rhoqo ukuba usebenza kwindawo enengxolo enkulu, uyadada rhoqo, okanye uye kwiikonsathi rhoqo.
• Kulumkele ukuhlala ixesha elide kwingxolo enkulu kunye nomculo.
• Funa uncedo losulelo lwendlebe. Zingabangela umonakalo ongapheliyo kwindlebe ukuba ziyekwe zinganyangwa.