Ngaba Ibhotolo Liphilile? Impendulo yokugqibela

Umxholo

• Ke, Amafutha agcweleyo avela kwi-Butter Is Kulungile?
• Uhlobo lwebhotolo ekufuneka uyidle (ngokumodareyitha)
• Uphengululo lwe

Kwakukho ixesha elingekude kudala xa ibhotolo yayimbi kuwe. Kodwa ngoku, abantu baqokelela "ukutya kwezempilo" kwi-toast yabo ehlwayelweyo kunye nokulahla i-slabs yayo kwikofu yabo. (Ewe, abanye bathi ibhotolo ayonto imbi kangako kuwe.) Ngoba? "Konke kuhla kwimbono yesayensi malunga namafutha ahluthayo," kusho u-St. Louis-based dietitian ebhalisiweyo u-Alex Caspero. Kwaye into yile, uninzi lwento esicinga ukuba siyayazi ngamanqatha agcweleyo ayilunganga.

Amafutha akwenza utyebe-yinto elula yokucinga, kwaye uninzi lwabaphandi kunye nezazi zezondlo bakholelwa ngokunyanisekileyo kumashumi eminyaka. Bakholelwa nokuba amanqatha, okanye, ngokuchanekileyo, amanqatha (apho ibhotolo inezinto ezininzi), inyuse umngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo. Yayingumbono osuselwa kwiFramingham Heart Study, eyaqala ngo-1948. Olu phononongo lwanyelisa amanqatha, kodwa iingcali ezininzi ngoku zithi olu phando lwaluneziphene. Olunye uvavanyo oluphambili lweklinikhi olwalungcolisa amanqatha agcweleyo, iMinnesota Coronary Experiment (eyaqala ngo-1968 ukuya ku-1973) nayo yabizwa kutshanje BMJ njengeziphene.

Ngo-2014 Izibhengezo zoNyango lwaNgaphakathi Uhlalutyo lweemeta ngaphezulu kwesiqingatha sesigidi sabantu abafumananga khonkco phakathi kokutya okusetyenzisiweyo okunamafutha kunye nesifo sentliziyo. Kwaye xa izazinzulu zaseHarvard T.H. I-Chan School of Public Health combed ngokusebenzisa izifundo zangaphambili ezichaza iindlela zokutya kunye neziphumo zokunciphisa umzimba kubantu abangaphezu kwe-68,000, bafumanisa ukuba ukutya okunamafutha aphezulu kwakungcono kuneendlela eziphantsi kwamafutha ekuncedeni abantu ukuba banciphise umzimba kwaye bagcine. (Oku kuguqulela kwizidlo ze-LCHF ezifana nokutya kwe-Atkins, okuye kwanconywa njengendlela yokunciphisa umzimba kunye nokucinga kwakhona ngeendlela ezinamafutha asezantsi.)

Nangona kunjalo, iziphumo ezintsha zibonisa ukuba izifundo zokuqala ezazingqisha amanqatha agcweleyo ngekhe zibe neziphene, kunokuba kunjalo ngenjongo isiphene. Amaxwebhu amatsha afunyenwe, apapashwe kwi Unyango lwaNgaphakathi lweJAMA, bonisa ukuba ishishini leswekile ngokwenene lahlawula izazinzulu ngeminyaka yee-1960 ukuba zityhole amafutha ahluthayo njengonobangela wesifo sentliziyo. Njengoko bekucwangcisiwe, wonke umntu wayekholelwa ukuba "amanqatha agcweleyo awalunganga", kwaye amanqatha aphantsi athambile. I-sugar biz inendima kulo mdlalo kuba ukutya okunamafutha aphantsi kuhlala kufakwe iswekile eyongeziweyo ukukhulisa incasa enqongopheleyo ngaphandle kwamafutha.

Iziphumo zempilo zazingalunganga. UCaspero uthi: “Xa umyalezo omalunga namafutha ahluthisiweyo uphuma, satshintsha amanqatha atyebileyo nge-carbs esulungekileyo. "Oko kunokuba yingozi ngakumbi xa kufikwa kwingozi yesifo senhliziyo." Kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo kube kubi kwizinqe zaseMelika. Ngokwengxelo evela kwiTrust for America's Health kunye neRobert Wood Johnson Foundation, ipesenti yabantu abadala base-US abane-BMI engama-40 okanye ngaphezulu (ebabeka "njengabatyebe ngokugqithisileyo") inyukile kule minyaka ingama-30 idlulileyo, egubungela phantse iipesenti ezisi-8. yabemi.

Kwaye xa kufikwa endaweni yokufaka ibhotolo, iargarini eqhuqhekileyo ayilunganga. Phakathi kwezithako zayo ezininzi ezenziwe ngabantu ioli ye-hydrogenated inxenye, apho i-Food and Drug Administration incoma ukuba abathengi banciphise kangangoko kunokwenzeka kwaye baya kuthintela ukufakwa kuyo nayiphi na ukutya emva kwe-18 kaJuni 2018. I-oyile ye-hydrogenated i-oyile i-oyile ye-hydrogenated engekho ngokwemvelo ye-fat trans. inxulunyaniswa nokudumba, ukutyeba kakhulu, kunye nezifo ezinganyangekiyo kubandakanya isifo sentliziyo, uhlobo lweswekile 2, kunye nomhlaza, uyachaza uKylene Bogden, MS, RDN, CSSD, ingcali yezondlo ebhalisiweyo kunye neCleveland Clinic Centre yeZonyango eziSebenzayo.

Ke, Amafutha agcweleyo avela kwi-Butter Is Kulungile?

Uyawadinga amanqatha ekutyeni kwakho ukuze ube sempilweni, kwaye amafutha atyebileyo-kubandakanya ibhotolo-ngokuqinisekileyo inendawo kwindawo efanelekileyo yokutya, utshilo uBogden.

Ngelishwa, xa ungakhange uqaphele, i-US ithanda ukuya kugqithisile ngesondlo sayo. Imeko kwindawo yebhotolo: Umndilili waseMelika okwangoku utya malunga neekhilogram ezingama-5.6 zebhotolo ngonyaka, ngaphezu kwalo naliphi na elinye ixesha kwiminyaka engama-40 edlulileyo, ngokutsho kwedatha evela kwi-American Butter Institute.

Ngokuqinisekileyo, isenokungabi yingozi njengoko besicinga ngaphambili, kodwa andikakukhuthazi ukuyihlanganisa kuyo yonke into,” utshilo uCaspero. "Yi hayi ukutya okusempilweni kwaye isengumthombo wamanqatha kunye neekhalori. Ndikwakhetha ukuba abantu bafumane uninzi lwamafutha abo kwimithombo esekelwe kwizityalo efana neoyile yomnquma, etyebileyo ngamafutha acid angaxutywanga ngokwahlukileyo kunalawo ahluthayo. ukuya ngaphantsi kwe-10 yepesenti yeekhalori ngosuku, ubukhulu becala ngokutshintsha amanqatha agcwalisiweyo kunye ne-unsaturated.

Ngelixa uphando lwe-2016 oluvela kwiYunivesithi yaseTufts lubonisa ukuba ibhotolo inobuhlobo obuthathaka kuphela kunye nomngcipheko wokufa kwabantu bonke, ayinyusi amathuba okuphuhliswa kwesifo sentliziyo, kwaye inokubonelela ngesiphumo esikhuselayo kwakhona kuhlobo lweswekile yesi-2, uphando lubonisa ukuba ii-acid ezingafakwanga ziphuculwe impilo kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko wokufa kwibhodi yonke. Kwaye, uphando lupapashwe kwi Ijenali yaseBritani yeZondlo ibonisa ukuba xa abantu betshintshiselana ngamafutha ahluthayo kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-monounsaturated, banciphisa ubunzima ngaphandle kokusika iikhalori. "Ingxabano ngebhotela ayivalwanga," utshilo uCaspero. "Ingwevu kakhulu kunangaphambili."

Uhlobo lwebhotolo ekufuneka uyidle (ngokumodareyitha)

Ukuba uza kugcina intonga kwifriji yakho, ibhotolo eyondliwe ngengca yimigangatho yegolide, uyavumelana noBogden kunye neCaspero. Kungenxa yokuba iinkomo ezondliwa ngengca, endaweni yengqolowa okanye iinkozo, kwaye zikhuliswe ngokwasemzimbeni, zineeprofayili ezinamafutha anempilo.

Umzekelo, uphando olupapashwe kwi- Ijenali yaseMelika yeZondlo zeklinikhi ibonisa ukuba ubisi oluvela kwiinkomo zobisi ezitya idlelo luqulethe i-linoleic acid (CLA), i-asidi enamafutha angaxutywanga-kwaye okukhona abantu be-CLA befumana ubisi, iye yehlisa ingozi yokuhlaselwa yintliziyo. UBogden uphawula ukuba ubisi oluvela kwiinkomo eziphakanyiswe ngengca ezikhulayo lutyebile kwi-omega-3 fatty acids, ezingazuzisiyo kuphela intliziyo kodwa amanqanaba okuvuvukala kunye nempilo.

"Uyile nto uyityayo, kwaye ikukutya okutyileyo," utshilo. "Kuwo onke amanqanaba, kungcono ukuba oko kutya kube yinto yendalo ngokunokwenzeka." Ngethuba nje wenza oko, akufanelekanga ukuba unike ingcamango eninzi kwimikhwa yakho yebhotela. Ngapha koko, kuphononongo olukhankanyiweyo lwe-2016 Tufts Study, abaphandi bagqiba kwelokuba akukho sibonelelo sokwenyani sokuhlengahlengisa ukutya ngendlela enye okanye enye.

"Incinci ibhotolo etyiswe ingca ilungile, intonga yayo yonke imihla ayikho," utshilo uCaspero. "Ngethuba nje uqhelisela 'yonke into ngokumodareyitha', ulungile."

Uphengululo lwe