Isifo sikaWaldenstrom

Umxholo

• Ziintoni Iimpawu Zesifo sikaWaldenstrom?
• Zintoni Oonobangela Bezifo zikaWaldenstrom?
• Sichongwa Njani Isifo SeWaldenstrom?
• Sinyangwa Njani Isifo SeWaldenstrom?
• Unyango ngamayeza
• IPlasmapheresis
• Unyango
• Ugqirha
• Uvavanyo lwezonyango
• Yiyiphi imbono yexesha elide?

Yintoni isifo sikaWaldenstrom?

Amajoni akho omzimba avelisa iiseli ezikhusela umzimba wakho kukosuleleka. Enye yeeseli ezinjalo yi-B lymphocyte, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-B cell. Iiseli ze-B zenziwe kumongo wethambo. Bafuduka kwaye bavuthwe kwii-lymph node kunye ne-spleen. Banokuba ziiseli ze-plasma, ezinoxanduva lokukhupha i-antibody eyaziwa ngokuba yi-immunoglobulin M, okanye i-IgM. Iintsholongwane zisetyenziswa ngumzimba wakho ukuhlasela izifo ezihlaselayo.

Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, umzimba wakho ungaqala ukuvelisa i-IgM eninzi. Xa oku kusenzeka, igazi lakho liya kuba likhulu. Oku kwaziwa njenge-hyperviscosity, kwaye kwenza ukuba kube nzima kuwo onke amalungu akho kunye nezicubu ukuba zisebenze ngokufanelekileyo. Le meko apho umzimba wakho wenza i-IgM eninzi yaziwa ngokuba sisifo sikaWaldenstrom. Ngokobuchwephesha luhlobo lomhlaza.

Isifo sikaWaldenstrom ngumhlaza onqabileyo. IAmerican Cancer Society (ACS) inika ingxelo yokuba kukho malunga ne-1,100 ukuya kwi-1,500 yezigulo zesifo sikaWaldenstrom esifunyanwa minyaka le eUnited States. Esi sifo yi-non-Hodgkin lymphoma ekhula kancinci. Isifo sikaWaldenstrom saziwa njenge:

• I-macroglobulinemia kaWaldenstrom
• I-lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma
• iiprayimari ze-macroglobulinemia

Ziintoni Iimpawu Zesifo sikaWaldenstrom?

Iimpawu zesifo sikaWaldenstrom ziya kwahluka ngokuxhomekeka kubuzaza bemeko yakho. Ngamanye amaxesha, abantu abanale meko abanazimpawu. Ezona mpawu zixhaphakileyo zesi sifo zezi:

• ubuthathaka
• ukudinwa
• ukopha kwiintsini okanye empumlweni
• ukuhla ukusinda
• ukugruzuka
• izilonda zolusu
• ukujika kwesikhumba
• amadlala adumbileyo

Ukuba isixa se-IgM emzimbeni wakho siba siphezulu kakhulu, unokufumana ezinye iimpawu. Ezi mpawu zihlala zenzeka ngenxa ye-hyperviscosity kwaye zibandakanya:

• utshintsho lombono, kubandakanya ukungaboni kakuhle kunye nelahleko yombono
• intloko ebuhlungu
• isiyezi okanye i-vertigo
• utshintsho kubume bengqondo

Zintoni Oonobangela Bezifo zikaWaldenstrom?

Isifo sikaWaldenstrom sikhula xa umzimba wakho uvelisa ngaphezulu ii-antibodies ze-IgM. Unobangela wesi sifo awaziwa.

Le meko ixhaphake kakhulu phakathi kwabantu abanamalungu osapho anesi sifo. Oku kuphakamisa ukuba inokuba lilifa.

Sichongwa Njani Isifo SeWaldenstrom?

Ukuchonga esi sifo, ugqirha wakho uza kuqala ngokwenza uvavanyo lomzimba kwaye akubuze ngembali yakho yezempilo. Ugqirha wakho unokujonga ukuvuvukala kwipeni yakho, isibindi, okanye ii-lymph node ngexesha lovavanyo.

Ukuba unempawu zesifo sikaWaldenstrom, ugqirha wakho unokuyalela iimvavanyo ezongezelelweyo ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa kwakho. Olu vavanyo lunokubandakanya:

• kuvavanyo lwegazi ukumisela inqanaba le-IgM kunye nokuvavanya ukutyeba kwegazi lakho
• umongo wethambo
• Ukuvavanywa kwe-CT kwamathambo okanye izicubu ezithambileyo
• I-X-ray yamathambo okanye izicubu ezithambileyo

I-CT scan kunye ne-X-ray yamathambo kunye nezicubu ezithambileyo zisetyenziselwa ukwahlula phakathi kwesifo sikaWaldenstrom nolunye uhlobo lomhlaza ekuthiwa yi-multiple myeloma.

Sinyangwa Njani Isifo SeWaldenstrom?

Akukho lunyango lwesifo sikaWaldenstrom. Nangona kunjalo, unyango lunokusebenza ngokulawula iimpawu zakho. Unyango lwesifo sikaWaldenstrom luya kuxhomekeka kubukhali beempawu zakho. Ukuba unesifo sikaWaldenstrom ngaphandle kwempawu zesifo, ugqirha wakho usenokungacebisi naluphi na unyango. Awunakufuna unyango de ube neempawu. Oku kungathatha iminyaka eliqela.

Ukuba unempawu zesi sifo, zininzi iindlela zonyango anokucebisa ngazo ugqirha wakho. Oku kubandakanya:

Unyango ngamayeza

I-Chemotherapy liyeza elitshabalalisa iiseli emzimbeni ezikhula ngokukhawuleza. Ungalufumana olu nyango njengepilisi okanye ngemithambo yegazi, okuthetha ukuba kwenzeka ngemithambo yakho. I-Chemotherapy yesifo sikaWaldenstrom yenzelwe ukuhlasela iiseli ezingaqhelekanga ezivelisa i-IgM engaphezulu.

IPlasmapheresis

I-Plasmapheresis, okanye ukutshintshiselana nge-plasma, yinkqubo apho iiproteni ezigqithisileyo ezibizwa ngokuba yi-IgM immunoglobulins kwi-plasma zisuswe egazini ngomatshini, kwaye iplasma eseleyo idityaniswe ne-plasma yomnikeli ibuyiselwe emzimbeni.

Unyango

I-Biotherapy, okanye unyango lwebhayoloji, isetyenziselwa ukukhulisa amandla omzimba wokulwa nomhlaza. Ingasetyenziswa ngekhemotherapy.

Ugqirha

Kungenzeka ukuba ugqirha wakho unokucebisa utyando ukuze ususe udakada. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-splenectomy. Abantu abanale nkqubo banokukwazi ukunciphisa okanye ukuphelisa iimpawu zabo iminyaka emininzi. Nangona kunjalo, iimpawu zesifo zihlala zibuyela kubantu abaye bafumana i-splenectomy.

Uvavanyo lwezonyango

Emva kokuxilongwa kwakho, kuya kufuneka ubuze ugqirha wakho malunga novavanyo lweklinikhi ngamayeza amatsha kunye neenkqubo zokunyanga isifo sikaWaldenstrom. Ulingo lwezonyango luhlala lusetyenziselwa ukuvavanya unyango olutsha okanye ukuphanda iindlela ezintsha zokusebenzisa unyango esele lukhona. IZiko leSizwe loMhlaza lisenokuxhasa iimvavanyo zeklinikhi ezinokukunika ezinye iindlela zonyango zokulwa esi sifo.

Yiyiphi imbono yexesha elide?

Ukuba ufunyaniswe unesifo sikaWaldenstrom, imbonakalo iya kuxhomekeka ekuqhubekeni kwesifo sakho. Esi sifo sihamba ngamazinga ahlukeneyo kuxhomekeke emntwini. Abo banesifo esicothayo banethuba lokuphila ixesha elide xa kuthelekiswa nalabo isifo sabo siqhubela phambili ngokukhawuleza. Ngokwenqaku elikwi, imbonakalo yesifo sikaWaldenstrom inokwahluka. Umyinge wokuphila usukela kwiminyaka emihlanu ukuya kweli-11 emva kokuxilongwa.