Uxinzelelo lwengqondo

Umxholo

• Zithini iimpawu ezinxulumene noxinzelelo lweengqondo?
• Yintoni ebangela uxinzelelo lwengqondo?
• Zintoni izinto eziNgozi zoxinzelelo lweengqondo?
• Luchongwa njani uxinzelelo lwengqondo?
• Zithini iingxaki zoxinzelelo lwengqondo?
• Lunyangwa Njani uxinzelelo lwengqondo?
• Amayeza
• Unyango lwe-Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)
• Yeyiphi imbonakalo yaBantu abanePsychosis yoxinzelelo?
• Uthintelo lokuzibulala

Yintoni uxinzelelo lwengqondo?

Ngokwe-National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI), kuqikelelwa ukuba iipesenti ezingama-20 zabantu abanexinzelelo olukhulu baneempawu zengqondo. Olu dibana lwaziwa njenge-psychosis yoxinzelelo. Amanye amagama ale meko ngala:

• Uxinzelelo lokudakumba
• uxinzelelo lwengqondo
• Olona phawu luphambili lokudakumba kunye neemeko zengqondo ezinxulumene nomoya
• Ukuphazamiseka okukhulu koxinzelelo kunye neempawu zengqondo ezingahambelaniyo

Le meko ibangela ukuba ube neempawu zengqondo kunye nosizi kunye nokuphelelwa lithemba okunxulunyaniswa nokudakumba. Oku kuthetha ukubona, ukuva, ukujoja, okanye ukukholelwa izinto ezingezizo ezokwenyani. Ukudakumba kwengqondo kuyingozi ngakumbi kuba ukukhohlisa kunokubangela abantu bazibulale.

Zithini iimpawu ezinxulumene noxinzelelo lweengqondo?

Umntu onengxaki yokudakumba kwengqondo unexinzelelo olukhulu kunye neempawu zengqondo. Ukudakumba kwenzeka xa uneemvakalelo ezingalunganga ezichaphazela ubomi bakho bemihla ngemihla. Ezi mvakalelo zingabandakanya:

• lusizi
• ukungabi nathemba
• ubutyala
• ukucaphuka

Ukuba unoxinzelelo lweklinikhi, unokufumana utshintsho ekutyeni, ekulaleni, okanye kumanqanaba amandla.

Imizekelo yeempawu zengqondo zibandakanya:

• ukukhohlisa
• nemibono
• paranoia

Ngokutsho kweJenali yeClinical Psychiatry, ukukhohlisa kuxinzelelo lwengqondo kudla ngokuba netyala, ukuphazamiseka, okanye okunxulumene nomzimba wakho. Umzekelo, usenokuba nenkohliso yokuba sisifunxi-gazi sitya amathumbu akho kwaye kufanelekile ngenxa yokuba "umbi".

Yintoni ebangela uxinzelelo lwengqondo?

Uxinzelelo lwengqondo alunaso isizathu esaziwayo. Abanye abantu, kucingelwa ukuba ukungalingani kwemichiza kwingqondo yinto. Nangona kunjalo, abaphandi abachazanga isizathu esithile.

Zintoni izinto eziNgozi zoxinzelelo lweengqondo?

Ngokuka-NAMI, uxinzelelo lweengqondo olunokudakumba lunokuba nenxalenye yemfuza. Ngelixa abaphandi bengakhange bachonge i-gene ethile, bayazi ukuba ukuba nelungu losapho elisondeleyo, njengomama, utata, udade, okanye umntakwenu, kwandisa amathuba okuba noxinzelelo lwengqondo. Abasetyhini nabo bahlala befumana uxinzelelo lwengqondo kunamadoda.

Ngokwolindixesha iBMC Psychiatry, abantu abadala abasemngciphekweni omkhulu wokudakumba ngengqondo. Kuqikelelwa ukuba iipesenti ezingama-45 zabo banexinzelelo baneempawu zengqondo.

Luchongwa njani uxinzelelo lwengqondo?

Ugqirha wakho kufuneka akuchonge uxinzelelo olukhulu kunye neengqondo ukuze ube nokudakumba kwengqondo. Oku kunokuba nzima kuba abantu abaninzi abanexinzelelo lwengqondo banokoyika ukwabelana ngamava abo engqondo.

Kuya kufuneka ube nesiqendu sokudakumba esihlala iiveki ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu ukufumanisa ukuba unexinzelelo. Ukufumanisa ukuba unexinzelelo kuthetha ukuba uneempawu ezintlanu okanye nangaphezulu kwezi zilandelayo:

• Ukuphazamiseka okanye ukusebenza kancinci kwemoto
• utshintsho kwisondlo okanye ubunzima
• ukudakumba
• ubunzima bokugxila
• ukuziva unetyala
• ukuphuthelwa okanye ukulala kakhulu
• ukungabikho komdla okanye ukonwaba kuninzi lwemisebenzi
• amandla aphantsi
• iingcinga zokufa okanye ukuzibulala

Ukongeza kwezi ngcinga zinxulunyaniswa nokudakumba, umntu one-psychosis yoxinzelelo unezimpawu zengqondo, ezinje ngokukhohlisa, iinkolelo zobuxoki, kunye nemibono, ezizinto ezibonakala ngathi ziyinyani kodwa azikho. Ukuba nemibono kunokuthetha ukuba ubona, uve, okanye unuke into engekhoyo.

Zithini iingxaki zoxinzelelo lwengqondo?

Ukudakumba ngengqondo kuhlala kuthathwa njengongxamiseko lwengqondo ngenxa yokuba usemngciphekweni owandayo wokuzibulala nokuziphatha, ngakumbi ukuba uva amazwi akuxelela ukuba uzenzakalise. Tsalela umnxeba ku-911 kwangoko ukuba wena okanye umntu omthandayo uneengcinga zokuzibulala.

Lunyangwa Njani uxinzelelo lwengqondo?

Okwangoku, akukho lonyango ngokuthe ngqo kuxinzelelo lwengqondo olwamkelweyo yi-FDA. Kukho unyango lokudakumba kunye nengqondo, kodwa azikho ngokukodwa kubantu abanezi meko zombini ngaxeshanye.

Amayeza

Ugqirha wakho unokukunyanga ngale meko okanye akuthumele kwingcali yezempilo yengqondo enelayisensi egxile ekusetyenzisweni kwamayeza kwezi meko.

Ababoneleli ngempilo yengqondo banokumisela indibaniselwano ye-anti-depressants kunye ne-antipsychotic. La mayeza achaphazela ii-neurotransmitters kwingqondo ezihlala zingalingani kumntu onale meko.

Imizekelo yala mayeza ibandakanya i-serotonin reuptake inhibitors ekhethiweyo (i-SSRIs), enjenge fluoxetine (Prozac). Oku kungadityaniswa ne-antipsychotic atypical, enje nge:

• i-olanzapine (iZyprexa)
• iquetiapine (iSeroquel)
• irisperidone (irisperdal)

Nangona kunjalo, la machiza athatha iinyanga ezininzi ukuze asebenze ngokukuko.

Unyango lwe-Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)

Ukhetho lwesibini lonyango lonyango lwe-electroconvulsive (ECT). Olu nyango lwenziwa esibhedlele kwaye lubandakanya ukulala ne-anesthesia ngokubanzi.

Ugqirha wakho wezifo zengqondo uya kulawula imisinga yombane ngexabiso elilawulwayo ngengqondo. Oku kudala ukubanjwa okuchaphazela amanqanaba akho ee-neurotransmitters kwingqondo. Olu nyango luneziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, kubandakanya ukulahleka kwememori yexesha elifutshane. Nangona kunjalo, kucingelwa ukuba kusebenza ngokukhawuleza nangokufanelekileyo kubantu abaneengcinga zokuzibulala kunye neempawu zengqondo.

Ugqirha wakho wezifo zengqondo unokuxoxa ngezi ndlela kunye nawe kunye nosapho lwakho ukumisela elona khondo lilungileyo lonyango kwimeko yakho. Kuba ukubuyela kwakhona kunokwenzeka, ugqirha wakho wezifo zengqondo unokucebisa ukuba uthathe amayeza emva kwe-ECT ngokunjalo.

Yeyiphi imbonakalo yaBantu abanePsychosis yoxinzelelo?

Ukuphila noxinzelelo lwengqondo kunokuziva ngathi ngumlo oqhubekayo. Nangona iimpawu zakho ziphantsi kolawulo, unokukhathazeka ukuba baya kubuya. Abantu abaninzi bakhetha nokufuna unyango lwengqondo ukulawula iimpawu kunye noloyiko.

Unyango lunokunceda ukunciphisa iingcinga zengqondo kunye noxinzelelo, kodwa zinokuba neziphumo zazo. Oku kubandakanya:

• ukulahleka kwememori yexesha elifutshane
• ukozela
• isiyezi
• ingxaki yokulala
• utshintsho kubunzima

Nangona kunjalo, ungaphila ubomi obunempilo nobunentsingiselo kwezi zonyango kunokuba ungakwazi ngaphandle kwazo.

Uthintelo lokuzibulala

Ukuba ucinga ukuba umntu usemngciphekweni wokuzenzakalisa okanye wenzakalise omnye umntu:

• Tsalela u-911 okanye inombolo yakho yongxamiseko yasekuhlaleni.
• Hlala naloo mntu de kufike uncedo.
• Susa nayiphi na imipu, iimela, amayeza, okanye ezinye izinto ezinokubangela ingozi.
• Mamela, kodwa musa ukugweba, ukuphikisa, ukugrogrisa, okanye ukukhwaza.

Ukuba ucinga ukuba umntu othile ucinga ngokuzibulala, fumana uncedo kwingxaki okanye kumnxeba onqabileyo wokuthintela ukuzibulala. Zama iNqanaba lokuSebenza lokuThintela ukuzibulala ku-800-273-8255.

Imithombo: Ukuzibulala kuThintelo kuZwelonke kunye Ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kweziyobisi kunye noLawulo lweeNkonzo zeMpilo yeNgqondo