Ukwenza amanyathelo ngokuchasene nomhlaza webele

Umxholo

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Ukusuka kuvavanyo lwemfuza ukuya kwi-digital mammography, amayeza amatsha e-chemotherapy kunye nokunye, inkqubela phambili ekufumaneni isifo somhlaza wamabele kunye nonyango kwenzeka ngalo lonke ixesha. Kodwa oku kuphucule kangakanani ukuxilongwa, unyango, kwaye, okona kubaluleke kakhulu, amazinga okusinda kwabasetyhini abanomhlaza wamabele kule minyaka ingama-30 idlulileyo? Impendulo emfutshane: kakhulu.

"Olona tshintsho lukhulu luphambili olukhokelele kuphuculo olukhulu kumazinga okunyanga umhlaza webele lufunyaniswe kwangoko ngenxa yovavanyo olungcono noluxhaphakileyo kunye nonyango olujolisiweyo, olwenzelwe umntu," utshilo u-Elisa Port, MD, oyiNtloko yoTyando lwamabele kunye. UMlawuli weZiko laseDubin Breast kwiSibhedlele saseMount Sinai kwisiXeko saseNew York. Nangona kusekho indlela ende yokuhamba ekulweni nesi sifo esibi, nantsi ukujonga umehluko kwiminyaka engama-30 eyenziwe.

IiRhafu zoMammography zonyaka

1985: 25 ekhulwini

Namhlanje: 75 ukuya 79 ekhulwini

Yintoni etshintshileyo: Ngelizwi? Yonke into. "Ukonyuka kwe-inshurensi ye-inshurensi ye-mammograms, ulwazi malunga nenzuzo ye-mammograms, kunye nedatha esuka kwiminyaka engama-30 ukuya kwi-40 yophando oluqinisekisa ulwazi lokuba i-mammograms isindisa ubomi bonke badlale indima ekunyukeni kwenani le-mammograms eyenziwa ngonyaka," kusho uPort. . Ukuphuculwa kwetekhnoloji njengokunciphisa ukubonakaliswa kwemitha ngexesha leemammograms zikwancede ukuba zisetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwaye zamkelwe, wongeza.

Amazinga okusinda kweminyaka emihlanu

1980s: Iipesenti ezingama-75

Namhlanje: Iipesenti ezingama-90.6

Yintoni etshintshiweyo: Ngaphambi kokuba ii-mammograms zifumaneke kwii-1980s, abasetyhini ikakhulu babhaqe umhlaza wamabele ngokufumana amaqhuma bodwa. “Khawufane ucinge ukuba wawumkhulu kangakanani umhlaza wamabele ngexesha lokufunyaniswa kwabo,” utshilo uPort. "Okwelo nqanaba, bahlala besasazeke kwii-lymph nodes ukuze abafazi bafunyanwe kumanqanaba amva kakhulu kunokuba kunjalo namhlanje kangangokuba amazinga okusinda ayesezantsi kakhulu." Xa kufunyaniswe ukuba kwinqanaba lokuqala, iminyaka emihlanu yokusinda ngama-93 ukuya kwiipesenti ezili-100.

Amazinga okuxilongwa

Ngama-1980: I-102 kwi-100,000 yabasetyhini

Namhlanje: I-130 kwi-100,000 yabasetyhini

Yintoni etshintshileyo: "Sithatha uninzi lomhlaza wamabele namhlanje kunangaphambili kwiminyaka engama-30 eyadlulayo ngenxa yokonyuka kovavanyo," utshilo uPort. Esona siganeko somhlaza webele sinokunyuka nawo."Akubangelwa yiyo nayiphi na into, kodwa ukunyuka kokutyeba e-US kunokwenzeka ukuba kudlale indima," utshilo uPort. "Siyazi ukuba ukukhuluphala kunye nokuhlala phantsi kukunyusa umngcipheko womhlaza webele kubo bobabini abasetyhini nabangaphambi kokuya esikhathini kwabasetyhini."

Unyango

Ngama-1980: Iipesenti ezili-13 zabasetyhini abanesifo somhlaza webele sokuqala babe ne-lumpectomy

Namhlanje: Malunga neepesenti ezingama-70 zabasetyhini abanomhlaza wamabele wangethuba benziwa uqhaqho lokulondoloza ibele (lumpectomy plus radiation)

Yintoni etshintshileyo: "I-mammography kunye nokuxilongwa kwangaphambili, i-cancer encinci yavula indlela yokwenza utyando lokulondoloza amabele kunokuba kususwe ibele lonke," utshilo u-Port. Ngaphambili, imastectomy yayiqhele ukwenziwa kuba amathumba ayemakhulu kakhulu ngexesha lokufunyanwa kwawo. Inkqubo yonyango iyaqhubeka nokuvela nayo. Ngaphambili, uninzi lwabasetyhini abanomhlaza webele we-estrogen receptor-positive bathatha ichiza le-tamoxifen iminyaka emihlanu emva kokuxilongwa kwabo ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuphinda kunye nokuphucula amazinga okusinda. Uphononongo olupapashwe kunyaka ophelileyo kwiLancet lufumanise ukuba ukuthatha amayeza iminyaka eli-10 kunika uncedo olungaphezulu. Phakathi kwabo bayithathe iminyaka emihlanu umngcipheko wokuphindeka kwakhona yayiyiipesenti ezingama-25 xa kuthelekiswa neepesenti ezingama-21 phakathi kwabo bayithatha iminyaka eli-10. Kwaye umngcipheko wokufa ngumhlaza wesifuba wehla ukusuka kwi-15 ekhulwini emva kweminyaka emihlanu ukuya kwi-12 ekhulwini emva kweminyaka eyi-10 yokuthatha iyeza. "Zizinto esizifundileyo kunyaka ophelileyo malunga nesiyobisi esele sikhona ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-30," utshilo uPort. "Khange siliphucule iyeza, kodwa silungiselele indlela esisebenzisa ngayo kwiqela elithile lezigulana."

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