Isifo seengcongconi

Umxholo

• Yintoni ebangela imalariya?
• Zithini iimpawu zesifo seengcongconi?
• Sifunyaniswa njani isifo seengcongconi?
• Ubungozi obusongela ubomi be-malaria
• Sinyangwa njani isifo seengcongconi?
• Yintoni umbono wexesha elide kubantu abanesifo seengcongconi?
• Iingcebiso zokuthintela isifo seengcongconi

Sibandakanya iimveliso esicinga ukuba ziluncedo kubafundi bethu. Ukuba uthenga amakhonkco kweli phepha, sinokufumana ikhomishini encinci. Nantsi inkqubo yethu.

Yintoni iMalariya?

Imalariya sisifo esisongela ubomi. Ngokuqhelekileyo idluliselwa ngokuluma kosulelekileyo Anopheles iingcongconi. Iingcongconi ezichaphazelekileyo zithwala ii IPlasmodium sisidleleleli. Xa le ngcongconi ikuluma, isifunxi-gazi siyaphuma siye kwigazi lakho.

Nje ukuba iiparasites zingaphakathi komzimba wakho, ziye esibindini, apho zikhula khona. Emva kweentsuku ezininzi, izidleleli esele zikhulile zingena egazini kwaye ziqala ukosulela iiseli ezibomvu zegazi.

Kwisithuba seeyure ezingama-48 ukuya kwezingama-72, izidleleli ezingaphakathi kwiiseli ezibomvu zegazi ziyaziphindaphinda, zibangela ukuba iiseli ezinesi sifo ziqhume.

Iincukuthu ziyaqhubeka ukosulela iiseli ezibomvu zegazi, zikhokelela kwiimpawu ezenzeka kwimijikelo edlulileyo kwiintsuku ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu ngexesha.

Isifo seengcongconi sifumaneka kwimozulu yetropiki nasetropiki apho iiparasites zihlala khona. Ithi, ngo-2016, bekukho iingqikelelo ezingama-216 zezigidi ze-malaria kumazwe angama-91.

E-United States, amaZiko oLawulo lweNtsholongwane kunye noThintelo (CDC) ingxelo yemalariya minyaka le. Uninzi lweziganeko zesifo seengcongconi zikhula kubantu abahamba besiya kumazwe apho isifo seengcongconi sixhaphake khona.

Funda ngokugqithisileyo: Funda malunga nobudlelwane phakathi kwecytopenia kunye ne-malaria »

Yintoni ebangela imalariya?

Isifo seengcongconi sinokuvela xa ingcongconi isuleleke IPlasmodium Isidleleleli siyakuluma. Zine iindidi zesifo seengcongconi esosulela abantu: IPlasmodium vivax, P. ovale, P. malariae, kunye P. falciparum.

P. falciparum kubangela ukuba esi sifo siqatsele kwaye abo basulelwa sesi sifo banomngcipheko omkhulu wokufa. Umama osulelekileyo usenokudlulisela esi sifo kusana lwakhe xa luzalwa. Oku kwaziwa njenge-malaria yokuzalwa.

Isifo seengcongconi sidluliselwa ligazi, ngoko ke sinokudluliselwa naku:

• ukufakelwa komzimba
• utofelo-gazi
• Ukusetyenziswa kweenaliti okanye iisirinji ekwabelwana ngazo

Zithini iimpawu zesifo seengcongconi?

Iimpawu zesifo seengcongconi zikhula ngaphakathi kwiintsuku ezili-10 ukuya kwiiveki ezi-4 emva kosulelo. Ngamanye amaxesha, iimpawu zisenokungakhuli kangangeenyanga ezininzi. Ezinye iiparasites zemalariya zinokungena emzimbeni kodwa ziya kulala ixesha elide.

Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ze-malaria zibandakanya:

• ukugungqa ukugodola okunokuhluka ukusuka kwimodareyitha ukuya kubunzima
• umkhuhlane ophezulu
• ukubila kakhulu
• intloko ebuhlungu
• isicaphucaphu
• ukugabha
• intlungu zesisu
• urhudo
• ianemia
• iintlungu zemisipha
• ukuxhuzula
• ikhoma
• ilindle elinegazi

Sifunyaniswa njani isifo seengcongconi?

Ugqirha wakho uya kuba nakho ukufumanisa isifo seengcongconi. Ngexesha lokuqeshwa kwakho, ugqirha wakho uza kujonga kwakhona imbali yakho yezempilo, kubandakanya naluphi na uhambo lwakutshanje oluya kwimozulu yetropiki. Uvavanyo lomzimba luya kwenziwa.

Ugqirha wakho uya kuba nakho ukufumanisa ukuba une-spleen eyandisiweyo okanye isibindi. Ukuba uneempawu zesifo seengcongconi, ugqirha unokuyalela ukuba kwenziwe uvavanyo lwegazi olongezelelweyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba ufumene isifo.

Ezi mvavanyo ziya kubonisa:

• nokuba unayo imalariya
• luhlobo luni lwe-malaria onalo
• ukuba usulelo lwakho lubangelwa sisidleleleli esinganyangekiyo kwiintlobo ezithile zamachiza
• ukuba isifo sibangele i-anemia
• ukuba isifo sichaphazele amalungu akho abalulekileyo

Ubungozi obusongela ubomi be-malaria

I-Malaria inokubangela iingxaki ezininzi ezisongela ubomi. Oku kulandelayo kunokwenzeka:

• ukudumba kwemithambo yegazi yengqondo, okanye isifo seengcongconi
• Ukuqokelelana kolwelo emiphungeni oludala iingxaki zokuphefumla, okanye i-edema yemiphunga
• ukungasebenzi komzimba kwizintso, isibindi, okanye udakada
• i-anemia ngenxa yokutshatyalaliswa kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi
• iswekile esezantsi yegazi

Sinyangwa njani isifo seengcongconi?

Isifo seengcongconi sinokubeka ubomi esichengeni, ingakumbi ukuba wosulelwe sisidleleli P. falciparum. Unyango lwesifo sinikezelwa esibhedlele. Ugqirha wakho uya kukunika amayeza ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwesidleleli onaso.

Ngamanye amaxesha, amayeza amiselweyo anokungalususi usulelo ngenxa yokunganyangeki sisidleleli. Ukuba oku kuyenzeka, ugqirha wakho unokufuna ukusebenzisa amayeza angaphezu kwelinye okanye atshintshe amayeza ngokupheleleyo ukunyanga imeko yakho.

Ukongeza, iintlobo ezithile ze-malaria parasites, ezinje nge P. vivax kwaye P. ovale, Yiba nezigaba zesibindi apho i-parasite inokuhlala emzimbeni wakho ixesha elide kwaye iphinde isebenze emva komhla obangela ukuphindaphinda kwesifo.

Ukuba ufunyaniswe unenye yezi ntlobo zezidleleli zemalariya, uyakunikwa iyeza lesibini ukuthintela ukubuyela kwakhona kwixesha elizayo.

Yintoni umbono wexesha elide kubantu abanesifo seengcongconi?

Abantu abanesifo seengcongconi abafumana unyango bahlala benembono entle yexesha elide. Ukuba kuvela iingxaki ngenxa yesifo seengcongconi, imbonakalo isenokungabi ntle. I-Cerebral malaria, ebangela ukudumba kwemithambo yegazi yobuchopho, inokubangela ukonakala kwengqondo.

Imbonakalo yexesha elide yezigulana ezinee-parasites ezinganyangekiyo ngamachiza nazo zinokuba mbi. Kwezi zigulana, isifo seengcongconi sinokuphinda sibuye. Oku kunokubangela ezinye iingxaki.

Iingcebiso zokuthintela isifo seengcongconi

Akukho sitofu sikhoyo sokuthintela isifo seengcongconi. Thetha nogqirha wakho ukuba uhamba usiya kwindawo apho isifo seengcongconi sixhaphakile okanye ukuba uhlala kwindawo enjalo. Unokumiselwa amayeza okuthintela isifo.

La mayeza ayafana nalawo asetyenziselwa ukunyanga esi sifo kwaye kufuneka athathwe ngaphambi, ngexesha, nasemva kohambo lwakho.

Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokuthintela ixesha elide ukuba uhlala kwindawo apho isifo seengcongconi siqhelekile. Ukulala phantsi komnatha wengcongconi kunokunceda ukuthintela ukulunywa yingcongconi esulelekileyo. Ukugquma ulusu lwakho okanye ukusebenzisa izitshizi ze-bug ezine-DEET] kunokunceda ekuthinteleni usulelo.

Ukuba awuqinisekanga ukuba isifo seengcongconi sixhaphakile kwindawo yakho, i-CDC inolwazi lwendawo apho isifo seengcongconi sinokufumaneka khona.