Ungayichonga njani imyopia kunye nento onokuyenza ukuze uphilise

Umxholo

• Indlela yokuchonga
• Iidigri zeMyopia
• Zintoni izizathu
• Myopia ebantwaneni
• Unyango lwenziwa njani

I-Myopia kukungaboni kakuhle okubangela ubunzima ekuboneni izinto zikude, zibangela umbono ophuthileyo. Olu tshintsho lwenzeka xa iliso likhulu kunesiqhelo, libangela impazamo ekubuyisweni komfanekiso othathwe liliso, okt umfanekiso owenziwe mfiliba.

I-Myopia inomlinganiso welifa kwaye, ngokubanzi, isidanga siyonyuka de sizinze kufutshane neminyaka engama-30, ngaphandle kokusebenzisa iiglasi okanye iilensi zonxibelelwano, ezilungisa umbono ongacacanga kwaye ezingaphilisi myopia.

I-Myopia iyanyangeka, kwiimeko ezininzi, ngotyando lwe-laser olunokulungisa iqondo ngokupheleleyo, kodwa eyona njongo iphambili yale nkqubo kukunciphisa ukuxhomekeka kulungiso, nokuba ziiglasi okanye iilensi zonxibelelwano.

I-Myopia kunye ne-astigmatism zizifo ezinokubakho kwisigulana esinye, kwaye zinokulungiswa kunye, kunye neelensi ezikhethekileyo zala matyala, nokuba ziiglasi okanye iilensi zonxibelelwano. Ngokungafaniyo ne-myopia, i-astigmatism ibangelwa yindawo engalinganiyo ye-cornea, evelisa imifanekiso engaqhelekanga. Qonda ngcono kwi: Astigmatism.

Indlela yokuchonga

Iimpawu zokuqala ze-myopia zihlala zibonakala phakathi kweminyaka eyi-8 kunye ne-12, kwaye zinokuba mandundu ngexesha lokufikisa, xa umzimba ukhula ngokukhawuleza. Iimpawu eziphambili kunye neempawu zibandakanya:

• Ukungakwazi ukubona kude kakhulu;
• Intloko rhoqo;
• Iintlungu rhoqo emehlweni;
• Vala isiqingatha samehlo akho ukuze ubone ngokucacileyo;
• Bhala ubuso bakho busondele kakhulu etafileni;
• Ubunzima esikolweni ukufunda ebhodini;
• Musa ukuzibona iimpawu zendlela ukude;
• Ukudinwa okugqithisileyo emva kokuqhuba, ukufunda okanye ukwenza umdlalo, umzekelo.

Kubukho bezi mpawu, kubalulekile ukuba ubonane nodokotela wamehlo kuvavanyo oluneenkcukacha kwaye ufumanise ukuba loluphi utshintsho kumbono oluphazamisa ukubona. Jonga umohluko phakathi kweyona ngxaki iphambili yombono kwiiyantlukwano phakathi kwe-myopia, hyperopia kunye ne-astigmatism.

Iidigri zeMyopia

I-Myopia yahlulwe ngeedigri, ilinganiswa ngeedayiphu, ezivavanya ubunzima ekufuneka umntu abone kude. Ke ngoko, ukuphakama kwenqanaba, kokukhona ubunzima bokubonwa obudibene nabo.

Xa ifikelela kwi-3 degrees, i-myopia ithathwa njengothambileyo, xa iphakathi kwe-3 kunye ne-6 degrees, ithathwa njengephakathi, kodwa xa ingaphezulu kwe-6 degrees, yi-myopia eqatha.

Zintoni izizathu

I-Myopia yenzeka xa iliso likhulu kunokuba kufanelekile, elibangela isiphene kukudibana kwemitha yokukhanya, kuba imifanekiso iphela ijongwa phambi kweretina, endaweni yeretina uqobo.

Ke, izinto ezikude ziphela zingacacanga, ngelixa izinto ezikufuphi zibonakala ziqhelekile. Kuyenzeka ukuba ukwahlula i-myopia kwezi ntlobo zilandelayo:

• I-Axial myopia: ivela xa ibhola yeliso iphakame kakhulu, inexesha elide kunobude obuqhelekileyo. Ihlala ibangela i-myopia ekumgangatho ophezulu;
• I-curvature myopia: yeyona ixhaphakileyo, kwaye yenzeka ngenxa yokonyuka kokugoba kwe-cornea okanye ilensi, evelisa imifanekiso yezinto phambi kwendawo echanekileyo kwi-retina;
• I-myopia ye-Congenital: yenzeka xa umntwana ezalwa eneenguqu ze-ocular, ebangela inqanaba eliphezulu le-myopia elihlala ubomi bonke;
• I-myopia yesibini: inokudityaniswa nezinye iziphene, ezinje ngamehlo enyukliya, ebangela ukonakala kwelensi, emva koxinzelelo okanye utyando lweglaucoma, umzekelo.

Xa iliso lincinci kunesiqhelo, kusenokubakho ukuphazamiseka kombono, ekuthiwa yi-hyperopia, apho kwenziwa khona imifanekiso emva kweretina. Qonda indlela ebonakala ngayo kunye nendlela yokunyanga i-hyperopia.

Myopia ebantwaneni

I-Myopia kubantwana abancinci, abangaphantsi kweminyaka eyi-8, kunokuba nzima ukuyifumana kuba abakhalazi, kuba kuphela kwendlela yokubona ukuba bayazi kwaye, ngaphezulu, "ilizwe" labo ikakhulu lisondele. Ke ngoko, abantwana kufuneka baye kwindawo yokuqeshwa rhoqo kwi-ophthalmologist, ubuncinci, ngaphambi kokuqala isikolo sabantwana abancinci, ngakumbi xa abazali benayo ne-myopia.

Unyango lwenziwa njani

Unyango lwe-myopia lunokwenziwa ngokusetyenziswa kweiglasi okanye iilensi zonxibelelwano ezikunceda ukugxila kwimitha yokukhanya, ubeke umfanekiso kwi-retina yamehlo.

Nangona kunjalo, enye inketho kuku utyando lwe-myopia enokwenziwa, ngesiqhelo, xa inqanaba lizinzile kwaye isigulana singaphezulu kweminyaka engama-21 ubudala. Olu tyando lusebenzisa i-laser ekwaziyo ukubumba ilensi yendalo yamehlo ukuze ijolise kwimifanekiso kwindawo efanelekileyo, ukunciphisa isidingo sokuba isigulana sinxibe iiglasi.

Bona ulwazi oluninzi oluncedo malunga notyando lwe-myopia.