Yintoni iParaparesis kwaye inyangwa njani?

Umxholo

• Yintoni iparaparesis?
• Ziintoni iimpawu eziphambili?
• Ilifa eligadileyo leplastic paraparesis (HSP)
• Itropical spastic paraparesis (TSP)
• Yintoni ebangela iparaparesis?
• Oonobangela be-HSP
• Oonobangela beTSP
• Kufunyaniswa njani?
• Ukuchonga i-HSP
• Ukuchonga i-TSP
• Zeziphi iindlela zonyango ezikhoyo onokukhetha kuzo?
• Yintoni onokuyilindela
• Nge-HSP
• Kunye TSP

Yintoni iparaparesis?

IParaparesis yenzeka xa ngokuyinxenye ungakwazi ukuhambisa imilenze yakho. Le meko inokubhekisa kubuthathaka esinqeni nasemilenzeni. IParaparesis yahlukile kwiparaplegia, ebhekisa kukungakwazi ngokupheleleyo ukuhambisa imilenze yakho.

Ukuphulukana nomsebenzi ngokungakhathali kunokubangelwa ngu:

• ukwenzakala
• ukuphazamiseka kwemfuza
• usulelo lwentsholongwane
• ukuswela i-vitamin B-12

Qhubeka ufunda ukuze ufunde ngakumbi malunga nokuba kutheni oku kusenzeka, ukuba ingabonisa njani, kunye nokhetho lonyango nokunye okuninzi.

Ziintoni iimpawu eziphambili?

Iziphumo zeParaparesis ukusuka ekonakaleni okanye ukonakala kwiindlela zakho zemithambo-luvo. Eli nqaku liza kugubungela ezi ndidi zimbini ziphambili zeparapresis - yemfuza kunye neyosulelayo.

Ilifa eligadileyo leplastic paraparesis (HSP)

I-HSP liqela lokuphazamiseka kwenkqubo yemithambo-luvo ebangela ubuthathaka kunye nokuqina-okanye ukungxama-kwemilenze eba mandundu ngokuhamba kwexesha.

Eli qela lezifo liyaziwa njenge-spastic paraplegia yosapho kunye neStrumpell-Lorrain syndrome. Olu hlobo lofuzo luzuzwe njengelinye kubazali bakho.

Kuqikelelwa ukuba ngabantu abayi-10 000 ukuya kuma-20 000 e-United States abane-HSP. Iimpawu zingaqala nangaliphi na ixesha, kodwa kubantu abaninzi baqala ukuqaphela phakathi kweminyaka eyi-10 ukuya kwengama-40.

Iifom ze-HSP zibekwe kwiindidi ezimbini ezahlukeneyo: ezinyulu nezintsonkothileyo.

I-HSP echanekileyo: I-HSP echanekileyo ineempawu ezilandelayo:

• buthathaka ngokuthe ngcembe kunye nokuqina kwemilenze
• ukulinganisa ubunzima
• izihlunu zemilenze
• Iingqameko zenyawo eziphakamileyo
• utshintsho kwiimvakalelo ezinyaweni
• iingxaki zomchamo, kubandakanya ukungxamiseka kunye nokuhamba rhoqo
• Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-erectile

I-HSP eyinkimbinkimbi: Phantse iipesenti ezili-10 zabantu abane-HSP bane-HSP enzima. Kule fomu, iimpawu zibandakanya ezo ze-HSP emsulwa kunye nezinye zeempawu ezilandelayo:

• ukunqongophala kolawulo lwezihlunu
• ukuxhuzula
• ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo
• Isifo sengqondo esiyingozi
• iingxaki zokubona okanye zokuva
• iingxaki zokuhamba
• peripheral neuropathy, enokubangela ubuthathaka, ukuba ndindisholo, kunye nentlungu, zihlala ezandleni nasezinyaweni
• ichthyosis, ekhokelela kulusu olomileyo, olungqingqwa, kunye nokukala

Itropical spastic paraparesis (TSP)

I-TSP sisifo senkqubo yemithambo-luvo ebangela ubuthathaka, ukuqina, kunye nokudumba kwemisipha yemilenze. Kubangelwa luhlobo lomntu lwentsholongwane ye-T-cell lymphotrophic type 1 (HTLV-1). I-TSP yaziwa ngokuba yi-HTLV-1 ehambelana ne-myelopathy (HAM).

Oku kwenzeka ebantwini kwiindawo ezikufutshane neikhweyitha, ezinje ngala:

• kwiCaribbean
• ikhweyitha Afrika
• emazantsi eJapan
• amazantsi Emelika

Uqikelelo lwehlabathi liphethe intsholongwane ye-HTLV-1. Ngaphantsi kweepesenti ezintathu kubo baya kuqhubeka nokuphuhlisa i-TSP. I-TSP ichaphazela abasetyhini kunamadoda. Inokwenzeka nakweyiphi na iminyaka. Umndilili weminyaka engama-40 ukuya kwengama-50.

Iimpawu zibandakanya:

• buthathaka ngokuthe ngcembe kunye nokuqina kwemilenze
• Intlungu ebuyela emva enokuthi ihle imilenze
• paresthesia, okanye ukutshisa okanye ukuntywila
• iingxaki zomchamo okanye zomsebenzi wamathumbu
• Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-erectile
• iimeko zesikhumba ezivuthayo, ezinje nge-dermatitis okanye i-psoriasis

Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, i-TSP inokubangela:

• ukudumba kwamehlo
• isifo samathambo
• ukudumba kwemiphunga
• ukudumba kwezihlunu
• iso elomileyo eliqhubekayo

Yintoni ebangela iparaparesis?

Oonobangela be-HSP

I-HSP kukuphazamiseka kwemfuza, okuthetha ukuba kudlulisiwe ukusuka kubazali kuye ebantwaneni. Kukho iintlobo ezingaphezu kwama-30 zemfuza kunye nee-subtypes ze-HSP. Imfuza inokugqithiswa ngeendlela eziphambili zelifa.

Ayingabo bonke abantwana kusapho abaya kuba neempawu. Nangona kunjalo, banokuba ngabathwali bemfuza engaqhelekanga.

Phantse iipesenti ezingama-30 zabantu abane-HSP abanayo nayiphi na imbali yentsapho yesi sifo. Kwezi meko, esi sifo siqala ngokungacwangciswanga njengenguquko entsha yemfuza engakhange ifunyanwe nokuba yeyiphi na kumzali.

Oonobangela beTSP

I-TSP ibangelwa yi-HTLV-1. Le ntsholongwane inokudlulela komnye umntu ngokuthi:

• ukuncancisa
• Ukwabelana ngeenaliti ezosulelekileyo ngexesha lokusetyenziswa gwenxa kweziyobisi
• umsebenzi wesondo
• utofelo-gazi

Awunakho ukusasaza i-HTLV-1 ngonxibelelwano oluqhelekileyo, njengokuxhawulana, ukuwola, okanye ukwabelana kwigumbi lokuhlambela.

Ngaphantsi kweepesenti ezi-3 zabantu abafumene intsholongwane ye-HTLV-1 baphuhlisa i-TSP.

Kufunyaniswa njani?

Ukuchonga i-HSP

Ukufumanisa i-HSP, ugqirha wakho uya kukuvavanya, acele imbali yosapho lwakho, kwaye akhuphe ezinye izizathu ezinokubangela iimpawu zakho.

Ugqirha wakho unoku-odola uvavanyo lokuqonda isifo, kubandakanya:

• i-electromyography (EMG)
• izifundo zokuqhuba kwemithambo-luvo
• Iskena se-MRI sobuchopho bakho kunye nentambo yomqolo
• umsebenzi wegazi

Iziphumo zolu vavanyo ziya kunceda ugqirha wakho ahlule phakathi kwe-HSP kunye nezinye izinto ezinokubangela iimpawu zakho. Ukuvavanywa kwemfuza kwezinye iintlobo ze-HSP nako kuyafumaneka.

Ukuchonga i-TSP

I-TSP ihlala ichongwa ngokusekwe kwiimpawu zakho kunye namathuba okuba uvezwe kwi-HTLV-1. Ugqirha wakho unokukubuza malunga nembali yakho yezesondo kwaye nokuba sele utofile iziyobisi ngaphambili.

Banokuyalela i-MRI yomqolo wakho okanye impompo yomqolo ukuqokelela isampulu ye-cerebrospinal fluid. Amanzi akho omqolo kunye negazi ziya kuvavanyelwa intsholongwane okanye ii-antibodies zentsholongwane.

Zeziphi iindlela zonyango ezikhoyo onokukhetha kuzo?

Unyango lwe-HSP kunye ne-TSP lujolise ekuphelisweni kwempawu ngokunyanga ngokwasemzimbeni, ukuzilolonga, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zoncedo.

Unyango lomzimba lunokukunceda ugcine kunye nokuphucula amandla akho emisipha kunye noluhlu lokuhamba. Inokukunceda ukuba uphephe izilonda zoxinzelelo. Njengoko isifo siqhubeka, ungasebenzisa i-ankle-foot brace, i-cane, i-walker, okanye isitulo esinamavili ukukunceda ujikeleze.

Amayeza anokunceda ukunciphisa iintlungu, ukuqina kwemisipha kunye nokuqina. Amayeza anokunceda nasekulawuleni iingxaki zomchamo kunye nosulelo lwesinyi.

ICorticosteroids, njenge-prednisone (iRayos), inokunciphisa ukudumba kwethambo lomqolo kwi-TSP. Abayi kutshintsha isiphumo sexesha elide sesi sifo, kodwa banokukunceda ulawule iimpawu.

ekusebenziseni amayeza antiviral kunye ne-interferon ayenziwa kwi-TSP, kodwa amayeza awasetyenziswa rhoqo.

Yintoni onokuyilindela

Umbono wakho uya kwahluka ngokuxhomekeka kuhlobo lweparaparesis onayo kunye nobukhali bayo. Ugqirha wakho ngowona mthombo wakho wolwazi malunga nemeko kunye nefuthe elinokubakho kumgangatho wobomi.

Nge-HSP

Abanye abantu abane-HSP banokufumana iimpawu ezinobumnene, ngelixa abanye bekhula ngokukhubazeka ngokuhamba kwexesha. Uninzi lwabantu abane-HSP emsulwa banethemba lokuphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo.

Iingxaki ezinokubakho ze-HSP zibandakanya:

• ukuqina kwethole
• iinyawo ezibandayo
• ukudinwa
• umqolo kunye neentlungu
• uxinzelelo kunye noxinzelelo

Kunye TSP

I-TSP yimeko engapheliyo ehlala ikhula ngokuhamba kwexesha. Nangona kunjalo, kunqabile ukuba kusongele ubomi. Uninzi lwabantu luhlala amashumi eminyaka emva kokuxilongwa. Ukuthintela usulelo lomchamo kunye nezilonda kulusu kuya kunceda ukuphucula ubude kunye nomgangatho wobomi bakho.

Ingxaki enkulu yokusuleleka kwi-HTLV-1 kukuphuhliswa kwe-T-cell leukemia okanye i-lymphoma yabantu abadala. Nangona ngaphantsi kweepesenti ezi-5 zabantu abanesifo sentsholongwane bephuhlisa i-T-cell leukemia yabantu abadala, kuya kufuneka uyazi ukuba kunokwenzeka. Qiniseka ukuba ugqirha uyayikhangela.