Unyango lomzimba

Umxholo

• 1. Ii-antihistamines
• 2. Ukuzincama
• 3. ICorticosteroids
• 4. Iibronchodilators
• Iyeza lokutya komzimba

Ukusebenzisa iyeza lokunyanga kuphucula iimpawu ezinjengokurhawuzelela, ukuthimla, ukudumba, ukucaphuka kwamehlo okanye ukukhohlela, okunxulunyaniswa nokungazwani nezinto ezithile ezinje ngothuli, umungu okanye ukutya, umzekelo.

La machiza anokufumaneka kwiipilisi, amathontsi, isitshizi, isiraphu okanye iliso, kwaye kufuneka lisetyenziswe kuphela xa kucetyiswa ngugqirha, kuba ukunganyangeki kunokubangelwa zizinto ezininzi ekufuneka zichongiwe kwaye zithintelwe. Ukongeza, kukho iintlobo ngeentlobo zamayeza alungiselelwe imeko nganye kwaye amanye awo afuna ukuba amayeza athengwe ekhemesti.

Ukuba kuvela iimpawu eziqatha kakhulu, ezinjengokudumba komlomo nolwimi, okwenza kube nzima ukuphefumla, kufuneka ubize inqwelo yezigulana okanye umse esibhedlele kwangoko. Jonga indlela yokwahlulahlula phakathi kweempawu ezinzima kwi-anaphylactic shock.

Ezona ntlobo ziphambili zamayeza anokusetyenziswa xa kunaliwa:

1. Ii-antihistamines

I-Antihistamines zezona ziyobisi ziqhelekileyo zisetyenziselwa ukunyanga iimpawu ezifana neempumlo, ulusu okanye ukungaboni ngamehlo, i-rhinitis okanye i-hive, kwaye inokusetyenziswa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, ezinje ngeepilisi kunye neesiraphu, ezifana ne-loratadine, desloratadine, cetirizine, hydroxyzine okanye i-fexofenadine, umzekelo, esebenza kwinqanaba lenkqubo. La machiza athintela isenzo se-histamine, into echaphazelekayo ekuphenduleni komzimba.

Ukongeza, olu didi lwamachiza lukwakhona kumachaphaza wamehlo, ukunyanga ukwaliwa kwamehlo, njenge-azelastine okanye i-ketotifen, umzekelo, okanye ukutshiza okanye amathontsi empumlo asebenza ngokuthe ngqo empumlweni kwaye anokuqulatha i-dimethindene maleate okanye i-azelastine, Umzekelo, kwaye inokusetyenziswa yodwa okanye idityaniswe ne-antihistamine yomlomo.

Kukho iikhrimu kunye namafutha okuthambisa ane-antihistamines ekwakhiweni, enokuthi ine-promethazine okanye i-dimethindene ekubunjweni, umzekelo, enokusetyenziswa kwimeko yesikhumba kwaye inxulunyaniswe namanye ama-antihistamines omlomo.

2. Ukuzincama

Ama-Decongestants asetyenziswa ngokubanzi njengomphelelisi kwi-antihistamines kwiimpawu zokuxinana kunye nokukhutshwa kwempumlo, kuba zithomalalisa izicwili ezitshisiweyo, zikhulula ukuxinana kwempumlo, ubomvu kunye ne-mucus. Olona nyango lusetyenziswayo yi-pseudoephedrine, phenylephrine okanye i-oxymetazoline, umzekelo.

3. ICorticosteroids

Umsebenzi weCorticosteroids ngokunciphisa ukudumba okunxulunyaniswa nokwaliwa, kodwa zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiimeko ezinobuzaza. La machiza ayafumaneka emacwecweni, isiraphu, amathontsi omlomo, iikhrimu, ioyile, amathontsi wamehlo, izisombululo zempumlo okanye izixhobo zokuphefumla kwaye kufuneka zisetyenziswe ngononophelo olukhulu kuba zineziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezininzi.

Imizekelo yecorticosteroids yenkqubo esetyenziswe kwimeko ye aleji yi-prednisolone, betamethasone okanye deflazacorte, umzekelo. I-Beclomethasone, i-mometasone, i-budesonide kunye ne-fluticasone zihlala zisetyenziswa ngohlobo lokutshiza ngeempumlo okanye kusetyenziswa izixhobo zokuphefumla ngomlomo kunye ne-dexamethasone okanye i-fluocinolone ikho kumaconsi wamehlo amaninzi, asetyenziselwa ukudumba, ukucaphuka kunye nokubomvu kwiliso.

Amafutha asetyenziswa kakhulu kunye neekhrimu ngokubanzi zinehydrocortisone okanye i-betamethasone ekwakhiweni kwazo kwaye zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwizigulo ze-aleji, kwaye kufuneka zisetyenziswe kumaleko obhityileyo, okwexeshana elifutshane.

4. Iibronchodilators

Ngamanye amaxesha kunganyanzeleka ukuba ubhenele ekusebenziseni ii-bronchodilators, ezinje nge-salbutamol, budesonide okanye ipratropium bromide, umzekelo, eqhuba ukungena komoya emiphungeni, kubonisiwe kunyango lwesifo sokuphefumla esifana nesifuba.

La mayeza afunyenwe ngohlobo lokutshiza okanye umgubo wokuphefumla kodwa unokuthengwa kuphela ngugqirha.

Olunye ulungiso lweempawu zokungazwani nezinto ezithile zii-mast cell ezizinzisa iziyobisi, ezinje nge-chromoline yesodiyamu, ethintela ezi seli ekubeni zikhuphe i-histamine, nto leyo ebangela ukungahambelani komzimba.

Abachasene neleukotriene, ezinje ngeZafirlukast, nabo bayaboniswa ukunyanga ukwaliwa.

Iyeza lokutya komzimba

Iyeza lokutya okungafunekiyo lijolise ekuphuculeni iimpawu ezinjengokugabha, urhudo, ukucaphuka kunye nokudumba komlomo, kwamehlo okanye kolwimi. Ukhetho lonyango luxhomekeke ekubeni ngaba ukungavumi ukuthomalalisa ubulali, buthathaka okanye bunzima, kuba kukho umngcipheko wokungena kukothuka kwe-anaphylactic, imeko enzulu enokuthi, kwezinye iimeko, ikhokelele ekufeni. Qonda indlela olwenziwa ngayo unyango lokungalungelelani kokutya.