I-Telangiectasia (Imithambo yesigcawu)

Umxholo

• Ukuqonda iimpawu zetelangiectasia
• Zithini izizathu zetelangiectasia?
• Ngubani osemngciphekweni wokufumana i-telangiectasia?
• Bayifumanisa njani oogqirha i-telangiectasia?
• Unyango lwe-telangiectasia
• Ithini imbonakalo yetelangiectasia?

Ukuqonda i-telangiectasia

I-Telangiectasia yimeko apho i-venule eyandisiweyo (imithambo yegazi encinci) ibangela imigca ebomvu efana neetambo okanye iipateni kulusu. Ezi patheni, okanye i-telangiectases, zenza ngokuthe ngcembe kwaye zihlala zingamaqela. Ngamanye amaxesha baziwa ngokuba "yimithambo yesigcawu" ngenxa yokubonakala kwayo okuhle kunye nokubonakala kwewebhu.

I-Telangiectases ziqhelekile kwiindawo ezibonakalayo ngokulula (njengemilebe, impumlo, amehlo, iminwe, izidlele). Zingabangela ukungonwabi, kwaye abanye abantu bazifumanise zingathandeki. Abantu abaninzi bakhetha ukuba zisuswe. Ukususwa kwenziwa ngokubangela ukonakala kwenqanawa kwaye kuyinyanzele ukuba iwe okanye inxeba. Oku kunciphisa ukubonakala kwamanqaku abomvu okanye iipateni kulusu.

Ngelixa ii-telangiectases zihlala zinobungozi, zinokuba luphawu lokugula kakhulu. Umzekelo, i-telangiectasia eyophayo njengefa (HHT) yimeko enqabileyo yemfuza ebangela ukuba i-telangiectases enokusongela ubomi. Endaweni yokwenza ulusu, i-telangiectases ebangelwa yi-HHT ivela kumalungu abalulekileyo, njengesibindi. Banokugqabhuka, babangele ukopha okukhulu (ukopha).

Ukuqonda iimpawu zetelangiectasia

I-Telangiectases ayinakukhathazeka. Ngokuqhelekileyo abasongeli ubomi, kodwa abanye abantu banokungayithandi indlela abajongeka ngayo. Zikhula ngokuthe ngcembe, kodwa zinokuba mandundu yimveliso yezempilo kunye nobuhle ebangela ulusu olucaphukisayo, njengeesepha ezirhabaxa kunye neziponji.

Iimpawu zibandakanya:

• iintlungu (ezinxulumene noxinzelelo kwii-venules)
• ukurhawuzelela
• Iimpawu ezibomvu ezinjengomsonto okanye iipateni kulusu

Iimpawu ze-HHT zibandakanya:

• iimpumlo zeempumlo rhoqo
• ebomvu okanye emnyama emnyama kwizitulo
• ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
• ukuxhuzula
• imivumbo emincinci
• izibuko-lewayini ibala lokuzalwa

Zithini izizathu zetelangiectasia?

Oyena nobangela we-telangiectasia awaziwa. Abaphandi bakholelwa ukuba izizathu ezininzi zinokuba negalelo kuphuhliso lweetelangiectases. Oonobangela banokuba yimfuza, okusingqongileyo, okanye ukudityaniswa kwazo zombini. Kukholelwa ukuba iimeko ezininzi ze-telangiectasia zibangelwa kukungabikho elangeni okungapheliyo okanye kubushushu obugqithisileyo. Kungenxa yokuba zihlala zibonakala emzimbeni apho ulusu luhlala lubonakaliswa kukukhanya kwelanga kunye nomoya.

Ezinye izizathu ezinokubakho zibandakanya:

• Utywala: inokuchaphazela ukuhamba kwegazi kwimithambo kwaye inokubangela isifo sesibindi
• ukukhulelwa: kuhlala kusebenza uxinzelelo olukhulu kwii-venule
• ukuguga: ukuguga kwemithambo yegazi ingaqala ukuba buthathaka
• I-rosacea: yandisa i-venule ebusweni, idala ukubonakala okugungxulileyo ezidleleni nasempumlweni
• Ukusetyenziswa kwesiqhelo kwe-corticosteroid: thins kwaye buthathaka ulusu
• scleroderma: lukhuni kwaye luneenkontileka kulusu
• I-dermatomyositis: ivutha ulusu kunye nezicubu zomzimba ezisisiseko
• Inkqubo ye-lupus erythematosus: inokunyusa ubuntununtunu besikhumba kwilanga nakumaqondo obushushu aphezulu

Oonobangela belifa elophayo ngetelangiectasia zizinto zofuzo. Abantu abane-HHT bafumana esi sifo kumzali omnye. Iintlobo zemfuza ezintlanu kukrokrelwa ukuba zibangela i-HHT, kwaye ezintathu ziyaziwa. Abantu abane-HHT bafumana nokuba luhlobo luni oluqhelekileyo kunye nofuzo olunye oluguqukileyo okanye iintlobo ezimbini eziguqukileyo (kuthatha kuphela uhlobo olunye oluguqukileyo ukwenza i-HHT).

Ngubani osemngciphekweni wokufumana i-telangiectasia?

I-Telangiectasia sisifo esiqhelekileyo solusu, nditsho naphakathi kwabantu abasempilweni. Nangona kunjalo, abantu abathile basemngciphekweni wokuphuhliswa kweetelangiectases kunabanye. Oku kubandakanya abo:

• sebenza phandle
• hlala okanye ume usuku lonke
• ukusebenzisa kakubi utywala
• ukhulelwe
• badala okanye badala (i-telangiectases inokwenzeka ukuba ibe yiminyaka yobudala besikhumba)
• une-rosacea, i-scleroderma, i-dermatomyositis, okanye inkqubo ye-lupus erythematosus (SLE)
• sebenzisa ii-corticosteroids

Bayifumanisa njani oogqirha i-telangiectasia?

Oogqirha banokuxhomekeka kwiimpawu zeklinikhi zesifo. I-Telangiectasia ibonakala ngokulula kwimigca ebomvu efana nemisonto okanye iipateni eziyenzileyo kulusu. Ngamanye amaxesha, oogqirha banokufuna ukuqinisekisa ukuba akukho ngxaki iphambili. Izifo ezinxulumene ne-telangiectasia zibandakanya:

• I-HHT (ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-Osler-Weber-Rendu syndrome): sisifo esizuze ilifa semithambo yegazi kulusu nakwizitho zangaphakathi ezinokubangela ukopha kakhulu
• Isifo se-Sturge-Weber: sisifo esinqabileyo esibangela ibala lokuzalwa kwewayini kunye neengxaki zenkqubo ye-nervous
• spider angiomas: ingqokelela engaqhelekanga yemithambo yegazi kufutshane nomphezulu wolusu
• I-xeroderma pigmentosum: imeko enqabileyo apho ulusu namehlo anovakalelo olukhulu kukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet

I-HHT inokubangela ukwenziwa kwemithambo yegazi engaqhelekanga ebizwa ngokuba yi-arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). Ezi zinokwenzeka kwiindawo ezininzi zomzimba. Ezi AVMs zivumela unxibelelwano oluthe ngqo phakathi kwemithambo kunye nemithambo ngaphandle kokungenelela kwee-capillaries. Oku kunokubangela ukopha (ukopha kakhulu). Oku kopha kunokuba yingozi xa kusenzeka kwingqondo, isibindi, okanye imiphunga.

Ukufumanisa i-HHT, oogqirha banokwenza i-MRI okanye i-CT scan ukukhangela ukopha okanye ukungaqheleki emzimbeni.

Unyango lwe-telangiectasia

Unyango lujolise ekuphuculeni ukubonakala kolusu. Iindlela ezahlukeneyo zibandakanya:

• Unyango lwe-laser: iithagethi zelaser inqanawe ebanzi kwaye iyitywina (oku kuhlala kubandakanya iintlungu kwaye kunexesha elifutshane lokubuyisela)
• utyando: iinqanawa ezandisiweyo zinokususwa (oku kunokuba buhlungu kakhulu kwaye kungakhokelela ekuvuseleleni ixesha elide)
• i-sclerotherapy: ijolise ekubangeleni umonakalo ngaphakathi kwithambo yegazi ngokulifaka ngesisombululo semichiza esibangela ukuba igazi liwe, lijiye, okanye lonzakalise i-venule (kuhlala kungekho kubuyiswa kwakhona, nangona kunokubakho izithintelo zokwexeshana zomthambo. )

Unyango lwe-HHT lunokubandakanya:

• ukudibanisa ukuvimba okanye ukuvala umthambo wegazi
• Unyango lwe-laser lokuyeka ukopha
• utyando

Ithini imbonakalo yetelangiectasia?

Unyango lunokuphucula ukubonakala kolusu. Abo banonyango banokulindela ukukhokelela kubomi obuqhelekileyo emva kokuchacha. Kuxhomekeke kumalungu omzimba apho zikhona ii-AVM, abantu abane-HHT banokuba nobomi obuqhelekileyo.