Iifontelles zikhulisiwe

Iifonti ezandisiweyo zinkulu kuneendawo ezilindelekileyo ezithambileyo zobudala bomntwana.

Ukhakhayi losana okanye lomntwana omncinci lwenziwe ngamacwecwe emathambo avumela ukukhula kolukakayi. Imida apho la macwecwe adibana khona abizwa ngokuba yimigca okanye imigca yesuti. Izithuba apho ezi zinto zidibanisa khona, kodwa zingadibananga ngokupheleleyo, zibizwa ngokuba ngamabala athambileyo okanye i-fontanelles (fontanel okanye fonticulus).

Iifontanelles zivumela ukukhula kolukakayi ngexesha lonyaka wokuqala wosana. Ukuvalwa okucothayo okanye okungagqitywanga kwamathambo okakayi kuhlala kungunobangela wefonti ebanzi.

Ezinkulu kuneefaneli eziqhelekileyo ziqhele ukubangelwa:

• Isifo esiphantsi
• IHydrocephalus
• Ukudodobala kokukhula kwangaphakathi (IUGR)
• Ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwexesha

Izizathu ezixhaphakileyo:

• I-Achondroplasia
• Isifo se-Apert
• I-Cleidocranial dysostosis
• I-rubella yokuzalwa
• Neonatal hypothyroidism
• I-Osteogenesis egqibeleleyo
• Iirockets

Ukuba ucinga ukuba i-fontanelles entlokweni yosana lwakho inkulu kunokuba kufanelekile, thetha nomboneleli wakho wezempilo. Uninzi lwexesha, lo mqondiso uya kubonakala ngexesha lovavanyo lokuqala lonyango lomntwana.

I-fontanelle enkulu eyandisiweyo iphantse yafunyanwa ngumboneleli ngexesha lovavanyo lomzimba.

• Umboneleli uya kuvavanya umntwana kwaye alinganise intloko yomntwana ejikeleze eyona ndawo inkulu.
• Ugqirha usenokucima izibane kwaye akhanyise ukukhanya okuqaqambileyo phezu kwentloko yomntwana.
• Indawo ethambileyo yosana lwakho iya kujongwa rhoqo kutyelelo ngalunye lomntwana olungileyo.

Uvavanyo lwegazi kunye novavanyo lwe-imaging lwentloko lunokwenziwa.

Indawo ethambileyo-enkulu; Ukhathalelo olusandul 'ukuzalwa - ifanelle yandiswa; Ukhathalelo lweNonatal-eyandisiweyo yefontianelle

• Ukhakhayi losana olusandul 'ukuzalwa
• Iifonti
• Iifonti ezinkulu ezinkulu (umbono osecaleni)
• Iifonti ezinkulu ezinkulu

Isalamane SL, uJohnston MV. Ukungafani okuzalwa kwenkqubo ye-nervous system. Ku: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, ii-eds. Incwadi kaNelson yeNcwadi yePediatrics. Umhla wama-21. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 609.

UPiña-Garza JE, uJames KC. Ukuphazamiseka kwethamo le-cranial kunye nemilo. Ku: Piña-Garza JE, James KC, ii-eds. I-Fenichel's Clinical Pediatric Neurology. Ngomhla we-8. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2019: isahl. 18.