Imiphunga erhawuzelayo

Umxholo

• Yintoni ebangela ukurhawuzelela kwemiphunga?
• Unobangela wendalo wemiphunga erhawuzayo
• Unobangela wezonyango wemiphunga erhawuzayo
• Izizathu zomzimba nezengqondo zemiphunga erhawuzayo
• Iimpawu kunye nemiphunga erhawuzayo?
• Unyango ukhetho kwimiphunga erhawuzayo
• Unyango lwasekhaya
• Izifo zomzimba
• Isifo sombefu
• Yise kude

Ushwankathelo

Ngaba ukhe, okanye umntu omaziyo, wakha wanamava wokulunywa emiphungeni yakho? Oku kudla ngokuba luphawu olubangelwa kukucaphuka kwendalo okanye imeko yemiphunga. Igama elithi "imiphunga erhawuzelayo" liye laba ligama lokuthintela iimeko ezineempawu ezifanayo.

Yintoni ebangela ukurhawuzelela kwemiphunga?

Unobangela wendalo wemiphunga erhawuzayo

• ukubanda, umoya owomileyo
• umsi
• imichiza yemichiza

Unobangela wezonyango wemiphunga erhawuzayo

• Ukungabikho komzimba okubangelwa ngumungu, i-pet dander, amaphela kunye nesikhunta
• umbefu
• usulelo oluhlasela inkqubo yokuphefumla enjengokubanda okuqhelekileyo
• amayeza athile, anjengee-nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAIDs): iasprini, ibuprofen kunye ne naproxen

Izizathu zomzimba nezengqondo zemiphunga erhawuzayo

• uxinzelelo
• ukugqithisa
• umsindo ongapheliyo

Iimpawu kunye nemiphunga erhawuzayo?

Ngokwesiqhelo, imiphunga erhawuzelayo ivela ecaleni kwezinye iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ezibangela oyena nobangela wokungonwabi. Ezo mpawu zinokubandakanya:

• ukukhwehlela okubuhlungu
• ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
• intlungu yomqala
• ukuqina esifubeni
• ingxaki yokulala
• ukuvutha

Unyango ukhetho kwimiphunga erhawuzayo

Inyathelo lokuqala lokunyanga imiphunga erhawuzelayo kukufumanisa unobangela. Ukuba kulula ukumisela, ungathatha amanyathelo alula ukulungisa le meko. Ukuba unobangela awucacanga, yenza idinga nogqirha wakho ukuxilongwa ngokupheleleyo ukuze ufumane unyango olufanelekileyo.

Unyango lwasekhaya

Amanyathelo onokuwathatha uquka:

• Susa okanye uzikhusele kwizizathu zangaphandle ezinje ngomsi, umsi weekhemikhali, okanye umoya obandayo, owomileyo.
• Gwema izinto ezibangela ukungabikho komzimba.
• Gcina indawo ohlala kuyo icocekile kwaye ingena umoya.
• Hlamba iipillowases kunye namashiti rhoqo.
• Kuphephe ukusebenzisa kakhulu umzimba.
• Fumana iindlela zokuphumla kunye noxinzelelo.
• Sebenzisa indlela yokuphila esempilweni kubandakanya ukutya okunezondlo, ukuzilolonga rhoqo, kunye nokuhambisa amanzi ngokufanelekileyo.

Ukuba la manyathelo awachaphazeli ngokuqinisekileyo ukurhawuzelela kwimiphunga yakho, yenza idinga nogqirha wakho ukubona ukuba imiphunga yakho ebabazekayo ibangelwa kukungabikho komzimba, isifuba, okanye enye imeko yonyango.

Izifo zomzimba

Ukuba ufumana impendulo yokungavumi, ugqirha unokucebisa i-antihistamine engaphezulu kwe-counter efana nale:

• icetirizine (iZyrtec)
• fexofenadine (Allegra), levocetirizine (Xyzal)
• Iloratadine (Claritin, Alavert)
• idiphenhydramine (iBenadryl)

Ukongeza, kukho ii-antihistamines ezifumanekayo ngugqirha ugqirha anokukuyalela ezinje:

• I-desloratadine (Clarinex)
• impumlo ye-azelastine (Astelin)

Ukuba kufanelekile, ugqirha wakho unokumisela ikhondo lezenzo ezinamandla ezinje:

• i-omalizumab (iXolair)
• ukungabikho komzimba (i-immunotherapy)

Isifo sombefu

Ukuba ufunyaniswe unesifo se-asthma, ugqirha wakho unokudala isicwangciso sesenzo se-asthma esingabandakanya ukulandelela iimpawu zakho kunye neyeza zonyango ezifana:

• i-corticosteroids ebhalwe ngaphakathi, njenge-fluticasone (i-Flovent), i-budesonide (i-Pulmicort), okanye i-beclomethasone (Qvar)
• i-leukotriene modifiers, ezinje nge-montelukast (Singulair), zafirlukast (Accolate), okanye zileuton (Zyflo)
• I-beta-2 agonists esebenza ixesha elide, enje nge-salmeterol (Serevent) okanye i-formoterol (Foradil)
• indibaniselwano inhalers, efana ne-fluticasone-salmeterol (Advair Diskus), budesonide-formoterol (Symbicort), okanye formoterol-mometasone (Dulera)
• i-theophylline (Theo-24, Elixophyllin), engasetyenziswanga njengezinye iindlela

Yise kude

Imvakalelo yokurhawuzelelwa kwemiphunga ayiqhelekanga. Rhoqo, luphawu lwesizathu esisisiseko esinokumiselwa ngokulula.

Ukuba unobangela kukusingqongileyo, ngokweemvakalelo, okanye ngokunxulumene nokugqithisa komzimba, unokukwazi ukujongana nayo ngokwakho ngamanyathelo alula nelula. Imiphunga ebabazekayo, nangona kunjalo, inokuba luphawu lwesimo esibi kakhulu esifana nesifuba. Ukuba unobangela ngowonyango, kuyakufuneka ubone ugqirha wakho.